• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.476-485
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• 2013

In this paper, the effective capacity of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system in two different cases with receive antenna selection (RAS) and transmit antenna selection (TAS) schemes is investigated. A closed-form solution for the maximum constant arrival rate of this network with statistical delay quality of service (QoS) constraint is extracted in the quasi-static fading channel. This study is conducted in two different cases.When channel state information (CSI) is not available at the MIMO transmitter, implementation of TAS is difficult. Therefore, RAS scheme is employed and one antenna with the maximum instantaneous signal to noise ratio is chosen at the receiver. On the other hand, when CSI is available at the transmitter, TAS scheme is executed. In this case, one antenna is selected at the transmitter. Moreover, an optimal power-control policy is applied to the selected antenna and the effective capacity of the MIMO system is derived. Finally, this optimal power adaptation and the effective capacity are investigated in two asymptotic cases with the loose and strict QoS requirements. In particular, we show that in the TAS scheme with the loose QoS restriction, the effective capacity converges to the ergodic capacity. Then, an exact closed-form solution is obtained for the ergodic capacity of the channel here.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.1065-1071
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• 2012

Wind energy is becoming one of the most preferable alternatives to conventional sources of electric power that rely on fossil fuels. For stable electric power generation, constant rotating speed control of a wind turbine is performed through pitch control and stall control of the turbine blades. Recently, variable pitch control has been implemented in modern wind turbines to harvest more energy at variable wind speeds that are even lower than the rated one. Although wind turbine pitch controllers are currently optimized using a step response via the Ziegler-Nichols auto-tuning process, this approach does not satisfy the requirements of variable pitch control. In this study, the variable pitch controller was optimized by a genetic algorithm using a neural network model that was constructed by the Latin Hypercube sampling method to improve the Ziegler-Nichols auto-tuning process. The optimized solution shows that the root mean square error, rise time, and settle time are respectively improved by more than 7.64%, 15.8%, and 15.3% compared with the corresponding initial solutions obtained by the Ziegler-Nichols auto-tuning process.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.29-36
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• 2000

The principle and design of two-stage CMOS operational amplifier with rail-to-rail input and class-AB output stage is presented. The rail-to-rail input stage shows almost constant transconductance independent of the common mode input voltage range in global transistor operation region. This new technique does not make use of accurate current-voltage relationship of MOS transistors. Hence it was achieved by using simple linear relationship of currents. The simulated transconductance variation using SPICE is less the 4.3%. The proposed global two-stage opamp can operate both in strong inversion and in weak inversion. Class AB output stage proposed also has a full output voltage swing and a well-defined quiescent current that does not depend on power supply voltage. Since feedback class- AB control is used, it is expected that this output stage can be operating in extremely low voltage. The variation of DC-gain and unity-gain frequency is each 4.2% and 12%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.251-256
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• 2003

We have developed the quality analysis system for magnetic field effect of cathode-ray tube that is used a monitor, TV and medical appliance. We designed and constructed the large 3-axis square coil (2 m length) system for the generation of 3-component magnetic field using power supply, magnetometer and computer below 0.2 mT range. The coil constant is 30.31 ${\mu}$T, 29.73 ${\mu}$T and 30.51 ${\mu}$T for the X, Y and Z axis square coil respectively. The magnetic field resolution was 0.01 T. The uniformity of magnetic field was measured within 1 ％ in the range of 12 cm.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1219-1226
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• 2017

In this paper, it is performed the optimal design of the UV LED bar which can be used variously. The UV LED Bar emits ultraviolet rays, so it is important to emit ultraviolet rays constantly for the purpose of use. In order to emit a certain amount of ultraviolet rays as ever, the ultraviolet ray emission should be driven by a constant current source within the operable input voltage range. And also the heat dissipation is particularly important because of the long ultraviolet emission retention time due to the UV utilization characteristics. In addition, since human body protection is essential, the algorithm is configured to operate according to human body detection using distance sensor and Bluetooth. Three 365nm UV LEDs were used in series to emit ultraviolet UVA, operating at the constant current of 500mA with an efficiency of 87.5% and a power consumption of 6.006W. The ultraviolet radiation dose was measured at $5.35mW/cm^2$ at the distance of 10 cm when measured by the Lutron ultraviolet measuring instruments.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.231-236
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• 2016

The stability of DGPS signal in the DGPS service area was measured and the service availability according to the receiving signal strength was analyzed in this paper. Based on the effects of radio wave propagation in the seasons of winter and summer, daytime and night, the method to provide the DGPS service coverage was presented in this paper. The signal's strength of DGPS radio wave were measured at a constant distance from the DGPS reference station during a constant period. The propagation of DGPS radio wave is affected by status of ground conductivity, so the DGPS service area is dependant on the ground conductivity. To provide the stable service coverage, it is necessary to apply the adaptive power control for receiving signal's variations and the antenna design for alleviation of high elevation's radiation.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2024

This paper proposes a plan to improve the reception radio environment of the mobile terminal and maintain a constant reception electric field by using small cells in a small closed environment. In order to configure an efficient communication infrastructure for small cells, both ends of wireless transmission and reception of an Ethernet-based wireless video recording system are connected using an L2 switch. The small cell connected to the receiving side L2 switch shares the wireless network section of the wireless video recording system and connects to the transmitting side L2 switch. After that, when it is normally linked to FMS, a management system for small cells, through the Internet network, the output of small cells is checked. In order to verify the results, a proposed network is formed on the elevator inside the building with a poor radio wave environment, and the radio wave environment is measured before and after the small cell application in the section where the elevator operates. As a result, the main parameters of the radio wave environment in all sections of the elevator are improved, as well as a constant receiving electric field strength within the moving elevator.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.807-814
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• 2015

This study investigated the effect of added freeze-dried mulberry fruit juice (FDMJ) (1, 3 and 5%) on the antioxidant activity and fermented characteristic of yogurt during refrigerated storage. A decrease in pH of yogurt and increase in acidity was observed during fermentation. The yogurts with FDMJ exhibited faster rate of pH reduction than control. Initial lactic acid bacteria count of yogurt was 6.49-6.94 Log CFU/g and increased above 9 Log CFU/g in control and 1% in FDMJ yogurt for 24 h. The total polyphenol and anthocyanin content of FDMJ yogurt was higher than that of control due to the presence of phytochemical contents in mulberry. Moreover, antioxidant activity such as DPPH and reducing power was highest 5% FDMJ yogurt. During cold storage, pH decreased or remained constant in all yogurts with values ranging from 4.08 to 4.78 units. In sensory evaluation, the score of 1% FDMJ yogurt was ranked higher when compared with other yogurts. It is proposed that mulberry fruit juice powder can be used to improve sensory evaluation and enhance functionality of yogurt.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.742-748
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• 2009

Zigbee wireless communication technology has features which are low cost, low power and coping ability against a high delay time when the automatic wireless system is manufactured. Therefore, in this paper, we research a method improving the data transmission reliability of the industrial equipment control and management system using zigbee wireless communication technology. we used a convolutional code with code rate R=1/2, constraint K=5 and generation polynomial constant g1=(10111) and g2=(10011) as a reliability method. From the transmission simulation at LOS environment, we are able to predict the transmission error performance according to the distance difference. Furthermore, At the PER performance analysis, we can get the result that this system reliability with convolutional code is improved about 5 times than the existing system. From these results, we can prove that the convolutional code is the solution to improve the system reliability of the industrial equipment control and management system using zigbee wireless communication technology.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.1049-1068
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• 2011

In this paper a simple and effective call admission control (CAC) scheme is proposed for the emerging interleave-division multiple-access (IDMA) systems, supporting a variety of traffic types and offering different quality of service (QoS) requirements and priority levels. The proposed scheme is signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) evolution based CAC (SE-CAC). The key idea behind the scheme is to take advantage of the SINR evolution technique in the process of making admission decisions, which is developed from the effective chip-by-chip (CBC) multi-user detection (MUD) process in IDMA systems. By virtue of this semi-analytical technique, the MUD efficiency can be estimated accurately. Additionally, the computational complexity can be considerably reduced. These features make the scheme highly suitable for IDMA systems, which can combat intra-cell interference efficiently with simple CBC MUD. Analysis and simulation results show that compared to the traditional CAC scheme considering MUD efficiency as a constant, the proposed SE-CAC scheme can guarantee high power efficiency and throughput for multimedia traffic even in heavy load conditions, illustrating the high efficiency of CBC MUD. Furthermore, based on the SINR evolution, the SE-CAC can make accurate estimation of available resource considering the effect of MUD, leading to low outage probability as well as low blocking and dropping probability.