• Computers and Concrete
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.299-313
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• 2014

Effects of polypropylene (PP) fibers, steel fibers (SF) and hybrid on the properties of highstrength fiber reinforced self-consolidating concrete (HSFR-SCC) under different volume contents are investigated in this study. Comprehensive laboratory tests were conducted in order to evaluate both fresh and hardened properties of HSFR-SCC. Test results indicated that the fiber types and fiber contents greatly influenced concrete workability but it is possible to achieve self consolidating properties while adding the fiber types in concrete mixtures. Compressive strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and rigidity of concrete were affected by the addition as well as volume fraction of PP fibers. However, the properties of concrete were improved by the incorporation of SF. Splitting tensile and flexural strengths of concrete became increasingly less influenced by the inclusion of PP fibers and increasingly more influenced by the addition of SF. Besides, the inclusion of PP fibers resulted in the better efficiency in the improvement of toughness than SF. Furthermore, the inclusion of fibers did not have significant effect on the durability of the concrete. Results of electrical resistivity, chloride ion penetration and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests confirmed that HSFR-SCC had enough endurance against deterioration, lower chloride ion penetrability and minimum reinforcement corrosion rate.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.386-394
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 강섬유 및 나일론섬유를 적용한 섬유보강 콘크리트의 역학적 성능 및 내동해성을 실험적으로 평가하였다. 콘크리트의 역학적 성능 및 내동해성에 대한 섬유보강재의 효과를 평가하기 위하여 100 % 1종 보통포틀랜드시멘트(OPC) 콘크리트 및 50 % 대체 고로슬래그미분말(SGC) 콘크리트를 제조하였으며, 소정의 재령에서 압축 및 인장강도, 초음파펄스속도, 표면전기저항을 각각 측정하였으며, ASTM C666에 준하여 콘크리트의 상대동탄성계수 및 질량비를 측정하여 동결융해 저항성을 평가하였다. 실험결과에 의하면, 섬유보강재는 콘크리트의 역학적 성능을 효과적으로 개선시켰으며, 이러한 경향은 강섬유 적용 SGC 콘크리트에서 두드러지게 나타났다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권6D호
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• pp.905-913
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• 2008

최근 고속전철의 자갈도상에 대한 대안으로 콘크리트 슬래브궤도가 도입되어 고속전철 신규노선에 시공되고 있다. 콘크리트 슬래브궤도는 자갈도상에 비해 내구성, 유지관리 측면에서의 경제성, 열차운행의 안정성 등의 측면에서 우위에 있지만, 우수 및 지하수로 인한 노반강성의 저하, 연약한 원지반의 침하 등으로 인한 슬래브궤도의 처짐은 열차안정성에 치명적인 결함이 된다. 본 연구에서는 슬래브궤도의 처짐 지표로서 슬래브궤도의 휨강성을 설정하고, 슬래브궤도의 휨강성을 2차원 영상으로 표현할 수 있는 FRACTAL (Flexural-Rigidity Assessment of Concrete Tracks by Antisymmetric Lamb Waves) 기법이라는 비파괴 탄성파 기법을 제안하였다. 이론적 근거 확보를 위하여 콘크리트 슬래브궤도에서의 탄성파 시험을 수치해석적으로 모사하여 영향인자 연구를 수행하였고, FRACTAL 기법의 적용성 평가를 위하여 실제 고속전철 슬래브궤도에 적용하여 보았다. 그리고 FRACTAL 시험측선과 동일 측선에서 Impulse-Response 기법과 인접지반에서 전기비저항시험을 수행하여, FRACTAL 기법의 신뢰성을 검증하였다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.119-132
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• 2020

There is a growing interest in the use of by-product materials such as ceramics as alternative materials in construction. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties and durability of sustainable concrete containing waste ceramic powder (WCP), and to predict the results using artificial neural network (ANN). In this order, different water to binder (W/B) ratios of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 were considered, and in each W/B ratio, a percentage of cement (between 5-50%) was replaced with WCP. Compressive and tensile strengths, water absorption, electrical resistivity and rapid chloride permeability (RCP) of the concrete specimens having WCP were evaluated by related experimental tests. The results showed that by replacing 20% of the cement by WCP, the concrete achieves compressive and tensile strengths, more than 95% of those of the control concrete, in the long term. This percentage increases with decreasing W/B ratio. In general, by increasing the percentage of WCP replacement, all durability parameters are significantly improved. In order to validate and suggest a suitable tool for predicting the characteristics of the concrete, ANN model along with various multivariate regression methods were applied. The comparison of the proposed ANN with the regression methods indicates good accuracy of the developed ANN in predicting the mechanical properties and durability of this type of concrete. According to the results, the accuracy of ANN model for estimating the durability parameters did not significantly follow the number of hidden nodes.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2015

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the long-term performance of various concrete composites in natural marine environment prevailing in the Gulf region. Durability assessment studies of such nature are usually carried out under aggressive environments that constitute seawater, chloride and sulfate laden soils and wind, and groundwater conditions. These studies are very vital for sustainable development of marine and off shore reinforced concrete structures of industrial design such as petroleum installations. First round of testing and evaluation, which is presented in this paper, were performed by standard tests under laboratory conditions. Laboratory results presented in this paper will be corroborated with test outcome of ongoing three years field exposure conditions. The field study will include different parameters of investigation for high performance concrete including corrosion inhibitors, type of reinforcement, natural and industrial pozzolanic additives, water to cement ratio, water type, cover thickness, curing conditions, and concrete coatings. Like the laboratory specimens, samples in the field will be monitored for corrosion induced deterioration signs and for any signs of failureover initial period ofthree years. In this paper, laboratory results pertaining to microsilica (SF), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), epoxy coated rebars and calcium nitrite corrosion inhibitor are very conclusive. Results affirmed that the supplementary cementing materials such as GGBS and SF significantly impacted and enhanced concrete resistivity to chloride ions penetration and hence decrease the corrosion activities on steel bars protected by such concretes. As for epoxy coated rebars applications under high chloride laden conditions, results showed great concern to integrity of the epoxy coating layer on the bar and its stability. On the other hand corrosion inhibiting admixtures such as calcium nitrite proved to be more effective when used in combination with the pozzolanic additives such as GGBS and microsilica.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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• pp.557-560
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• 2008

최근 선진 외국에서는 단섬유를 보강재로 사용함으로써 콘크리트의 역학적 성질을 증가시키고 콘크리트의 소성 및 건조수축으로 인한 균열을 저감시키고자 적극적으로 사용되어지고 있으며, 국내에서도 그 사용이 점차 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 섬유보강 콘크리트의 경우 많은 장점이 있지만, 섬유의 종류, 형태 및 혼입률에 따라 콘크리트의 공기량, 슬럼프, 분산성, 균열저감 및 역학적 성능 증진 효과에 큰 차이가 있으므로 그 용도에 따라 섬유 소재의 장점은 살리고, 단점은 보완하여 고기능성 복합재료로 발전시켜야 한다. 또한, 염해에 관한 콘크리트 구조물의 내구수명을 예측하기 위하여 콘크리트의 염소이온 확산계수는 매우 중요한 인자이며, 이는 콘크리트의 종류에 따라 많은 차이가 발생하므로 이에 따라 콘크리트 구조물의 내구수명이 크게 달라질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 OPC를 사용한 보통강도 콘크리트 및 이에 나일론섬유 길이 13mm, 20mm를 각각 혼입한 3종류 콘크리트의 염소이온 침투 저항성을 평가하기 위하여 NT Build 492 시험법인 전위차를 이용한 전기화학적 촉진시험을 수행하였다. 시험 결과, 콘크리트의 확산계수는 3종류 콘크리트 모두 $2.02{\sim}2.11E-11m^2/sec$범위로서, 나일론섬유를 콘크리트에 보강했을 때 콘크리트의 염소이온 확산계수에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2019

콘크리트 혼화재인 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트를 대체하기 위하여 페로실리콘 산업부산물을 적용하였다. 페로실리콘의 원재료 비표면적, 비중과 같은 기초물성은 실리카퓸과 매우 유사하다. 따라서 전체 혼화재 중량의 10%를 페로실리콘 또는 실리카퓸으로 치환한 콘크리트와 모르타르를 제작하여 페로실리콘의 혼화재로써의 사용 타당성을 평가하였고, 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트, 페로실리콘, 실리카퓸 콘크리트에 대한 비교 분석 결과를 나타냈다. 페로실리콘 콘크리트의 수화특성은 X선 회절 분석을 통하여 수행하였다. 페로실리콘 콘크리트는 압축강도, 염분침투 저항성, 공극 저감의 측면에서 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트 콘크리트 보다 장점을 보였으나 그 정도는 실리카퓸 보다 낮았다. 페로실리콘 콘크리트에 대하여 알칼리-실리카 반응에 의한 팽창 가능성이 확인되었는데 이는 실리카 입자의 뭉쳐진 덩어리 크기 때문인 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.871-876
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• 2010

When surface Concrete Face Rock fill Dam constructs than existent center core type rock fill dam, it is much prevalent form in domestic these day by quality control of that is profitable and weather condition etc. of coreZone. C.F.R.D is less research about seismic survey(Refractional Seismic Prospectin, Resistivity Prospecting) of levee body than fill dam. Thus as C.F.R.D seismic survey is less, safety of that consist is short most development flue is high reason. That is not checking target of minuteness safety diagnosis and so on by short operation period. Wish to analyze inquiry incidental and difference with center core type dam and acquire C.F.R.D preservation administration upper necessary inquiry condition forward hereafter.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2011

Geopolymer concrete is finding a growing number of niche applications in the field of civil engineering due to its high compressive strength and strength gain rate, retainage of structural properties in elevated temperature environments, chemical stability in highly acidic conditions and environmental benefits. Combining the above mentioned characteristics with induced electrical conductivity, could enable geopolymer cement to serve as a smart and sustainable cementitious material suitable for health monitoring of civil structures. Carbon fibers were added to fresh geopolymer and OPC (ordinary Portland cement) mixes to enhance their electrical conductivities. AC-impedance spectroscopy analysis was performed on the specimens with fiber fraction ranging from 0.008 to 0.8 with respect to the weight of cementitious binder, to measure their electrical resistivity values and to determine the maximum beneficial fiber content required to attain electrical percolation. Experimental observations suggest that CFR-geopolymer cement exhibits superior performance to CFR-OPC in terms of conducting electrical current.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2015

One of the main causes of a limited use of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technologies in bridge deck assessment is the speed of data collection and analysis. The paper describes development and implementation of the RABIT (Robotics Assisted Bridge Inspection Tool) for data collection using multiple NDE technologies. The system is designed to characterize three most common deterioration types in concrete bridge decks: rebar corrosion, delamination, and concrete degradation. It implements four NDE technologies: electrical resistivity (ER), impact echo (IE), ground-penetrating radar (GPR), and ultrasonic surface waves (USW) method. The technologies are used in a complementary way to enhance the interpretation. In addition, the system utilizes advanced vision to complement traditional visual inspection. Finally, the RABIT collects data at a significantly higher speed than it is done using traditional NDE equipment. The robotic system is complemented by an advanced data interpretation. The associated platform for the enhanced interpretation of condition assessment in concrete bridge decks utilizes data integration, fusion, and deterioration and defect visualization. This paper concentrates on the validation and field implementation of two NDE technologies. The first one is IE used in the delamination detection and characterization, while the second one is the USW method used in the assessment of concrete quality. The validation of performance of the two methods was conducted on a 9 m long and 3.6 m wide fabricated bridge structure with numerous artificial defects embedded in the deck.