• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2008

Blood pressure (BP), one of the most important vital signs, is used to identify an emergency state and reflects the blood flow characteristics of the cardiovascular system. The conventional noninvasive method of measuring BP is inconvenient because patients must wear a cuff on their arm and the measurement process takes time. This paper proposes an algorithm for estimating the BP using the pulse transit time (PTT) of the photoplethysmography (PPG) and pressure pulse from finger at the same time as a more convenient way to measure the BP. After recording the electrocardiogram (ECG), measuring the pressure pulse, and performing PPG, we calculated the PTT from the acquired signals. Then, we used a multiple regression analysis to measure the systolic and diastolic BP indirectly. Comparing the BP measured indirectly using the proposed algorithm and the real BP measured with a sphygmomanometer, the systolic pressure had a mean error of ${\pm}3.240$ mmHg and a standard deviation of 2.530 mmHg, while the diastolic pressure had a satisfactory result, i.e., a mean error of ${\pm}1.807$ mmHg and a standard deviation of 1.396 mmHg. These results are more superior than existing method estimating blood pressure using the one PTT and satisfy the ANSI/AAMI regulations for certifying a sphygmomanometer i.e., the measurement error should be within a mean error of ${\pm}5$ mmHg and a standard deviation of 8 mmHg. These results suggest the possibility of applying our method to a portable, long-term BP monitoring system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.818-823
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• 2009

Web is greatly contributing in providing a variety of information. Especially, as media for the purpose of development and education of human resources, the role of web is important. Furthermore, E-Learning through web plays an important role for each enterprise and an educational institution. Also, above all, fast and various searches are required in order to manage and search a great number of educational contents in web. Therefore, most of present information is composed in HTML, so there are lots of restrictions. As a solution to such restriction, XML a standard of Web document, and its various search functions is being extended and studied variously. Moreover, any technology, AJAX, and the old and new technology has two sides. The technology already exists, and it was not even considered before, because new technology is combined technologies. AJAX is a lot of Web 2.0 and Web technologies complement are combined. This paper proposes a search system able to search XML, AJAX in E-Learning or various contents of non-XML.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

A concept of the "e-Navigation" was introduced in 2005 and implementation strategies are under way by IMO/IALA in the maritime safety area. Specially VTS is an important maritime traffic monitoring and aids to navigation system which is aims to improve safety, navigation efficiency and protect the marine environment. The demand of the inter-VTS networking has been increased and standardization is underway for realization of shore side collaboration for maritime safety in IALA. But there may be security problems in the inter-VTS networks if they have not proper security mechanism. The hacking of realtime ship position and sensitive maritime surveillance information caused a critical accident of vessel, human life and environment by terrorist. This paper aims to design of a secure inter-VTS network structure and related security protocol for secure sharing of sensitive maritime data.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-28
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• 2012

The Extension Program accountability will continue to be an influential force to develop agriculture and rural area. As we incorporate new approaches into our service program and respond to new domains of knowledge, we must also consider how our assessment strategies may need to change in order to meet local and other external standards. The main purpose of the study was to be what the best way of Extension Service is set farmers' educational needs met and to be what kind of methodologies and role of Extension system should provide for their faced problem solving effectively. The major results of the study on Farmers' needs toward Korean Extension Services are summarized as follows. First, it is observed that, when the farmers' perceptions were analyzed, the most ranked by the farmers' needs was "having nice extension workers to get advice and solve their problems on the farm in all at once." Farmers had especially more positive attitudes in the categories of interest and careers in ag-technology. To do services level up, the headquarter of Rural Development of Administration must be work with local branches to effectively deliver their missions and educational objectives to target crops and farmers group. And farmers were strongly needed "a specialized service team will be organized" to work closely with operating services for ag-products processing, packing and marketing. The recommendations were made by: farmers' needs should be identified and announced by computer networking development to solve their problems faster. Also, provincial and county level service members should have a chance to working at research institute or related work places with their incentives, which system will be easer to meet farmers' needs and deal with their problems so that the systematic approaches should be managed and recorded their educational attendings, education contents and even their farming corporations. Finally, Agricultural Extension Service should be met to general ag-technology literacy and be balanced with knowledge of other industries and be competitive service with better values in non-agricultural sectors.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.855-860
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• 2014

Currently, aircraft and automobile simulator for training provides a variety of training by making hypothetical situation on a simulator installed on the ground currently. And the instructor maximizes the effectiveness of the training by monitoring training and instructing the required training. When trainees are boarding the aircraft or automobile. The Instructor in the ground is not able to monitoring aircraft, automobile. The assessment of the training is not easy after the end of the training. Therefore, it is difficult to provide high quality of education to the students. In this paper, simulation system is to develop the following. Collecting GPS and real-time information for aircraft, automobile $\grave{a}$implementing 3D simulation. Implementing current image of the aircraft or automobile in the screen by 3D real-time monitoring of training situation at the control center utilizing for training saving 3D video files analysis, evaluation on training after the end of the training.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.638-641
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• 2013

In college, you can view the online quiz through the cyber education, and online learning. However, if there is no computer has a problem that can not be many students it is in place or not the Internet watch online quizzes. In recent years, many college students have a smart phone, from anywhere, using smartphone, you have utilized various Web surfing, news, and Messenger. In addition, office workers and students, have to learn to put to PDF necessary materials through the smartphone. Advantage of smart phones, have a feature that can be easy to carry and use anywhere at any time. Online learning from anywhere via a smart phone, so that you can see the online quizzes, in this paper, the system that not only online quizzes through a smartphone using the Hybrid-App, you can see in real time the results and scores of the person I proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.331-350
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• 2011

Advances in computer technology enabled us to simulate the integrated effects of various geomorphic processes on landscape evolution. This review introduces a theoretical framework for 2-dimensional numerical landscape evolution models (NLEMs) which have recently been used for various research purposes. In particular much attention is paid to the approaches deployed to model major geomorphic processes on a geological time scale in previous research. NLEMs can simulate landscape evolution by numerically solving the partial differential equation which represents the relationship among the geomorphic system components (GSCs). Simple process specifications of the relationships among GSCs on a long-term time scale in terms of quantification and attempts to combine processes represent the initial research on NLEMs. Later researchers have taken these simple NLEMs and elaborated on them. Introducing the theories of NLEMs in this review is expected to help researchers trying to utilize or develop NLEMs.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.803-810
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• 2017

Currently, every person possesses a smart phone due to the development of the IT industry. There is an improper situation in which a smart phone is not set in silent mode, such as a lecture room, a library, and a theatre hall. The proposed system automatically automates the function of smart phones where they are designated as a public place or etiquette area and automatically return the function of the smartphone if they deviate from the location of the site. It is also equipped with a combination of autonomous devices and services, based on Bluetooth communications, which are applied to ultra-light low-power IoT(Internet of Things) devices, and has features that allow diverse types of features and services to be added without requiring deformation of the hardware.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.367-372
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• 2013

In general, Levenshtein distance algorithm have a problem with not distinguish the consideration of vacabulary retrieve, because Levenshtein methode is used to vocabulary order are not defined. In this paper, we propose a improved Levenshtein methode, it effectively manage the vocabulary retrieve by frequency use of a vocabulary, and it gives the weight number which have a order between vocabularies. Therefore proposed methode have a advantage of solve the defect of perception rate in the case of increase the vocabulary, improve the recognition time become higher and it can be effectively retrieval space management.. System performance as a result of represent vocabulary dependence recognition rate of 97.81%, vocabulary independence recognition rate of 96.91% in indoor environment. Also, vocabulary dependence recognition rate of 91.11%, vocabulary independence recognition rate of 90.01% in outdoor environment.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.34-41
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• 2016

The previous studies argue that using the semantic properties of BIM objects is efficient for simulating the behaviors of autonomous, computer agents, called virtual-users, but such assumption is not proven via evidence-based research approaches. Hence, this present study aims to investigate the empirical effects of a human behavior simulation model equipped the semantics of spaces on the architecture-major students' operation and understanding of the simulation system, compared to a typical path-finding model. To achieve the aim, this study analyzed the survey and interview data, collected in the authentic design projects. The analysis indicates that (1) using a simulation model equipped the semantics of spaces helps the students' operation of the simulation, and (2) it also aids understanding the relationship between the variables of spaces and virtual-users (${\alpha}=0.74$). In addition, the qualitative data inform that the advantages of the simulation model that computes the semantics of spaces stem in the automatic behavioral changes of massive numbers of virtual-users, and efficient detection and activation on the what-if situations. The analysis also reveals that the simulation model has shortcomings in orchestrating the complex data structure between the semantics properties of spaces and virtual-users under multi-sequential scenarios. The results of this study contribute to develop a future design system combining BIM with human behavior simulation.