• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.88-98
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• 2023

Purpose: Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently undergo clinical assessments, involving triadic communication between clinician, parent, and child. During such encounters parents are traditionally the main communicator of information on their child's IBD, including subjective symptom reports. The level of agreement between children and their parents for IBD symptoms is poorly understood, and this study aimed to examine this factor. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among children with IBD, and one parent. A validated paediatric IBD symptom report tool (IBDnow) enabled children and their parent to rate seven pain, well-being, and stool metrics, with dyads completing the tool concurrently. Results were assessed using: Individual agreement: proportion of identical symptom reports by each dyad (ideal score >0.7); Category agreement: percentage of identical reports for IBDnow metrics for the cohort; Inter-rater reliability: Gwet's AC1 coefficient with higher scores indicating better reliability (maximum=1). Results: Seventy-four parent/child dyads participated; child's mean age 12.2 years (standard deviation [SD] 2.9, range 6-16), mean time since diagnosis 2.8 years (SD 3), 54% female, 73% had Crohn's Disease. Mean individual agreement level was 0.6, with 27% of dyads agreeing on ≥6/7 IBDnow metrics. Category agreement was reported by 61% of dyads, 20% of parents overestimated, and 19% underestimated, their child's symptoms. Inter-rater reliability ranged from fair to good. Conclusion: These results should improve clinician awareness of how IBD symptom reports from parents may introduce bias. Children should be considered the most important source of symptom reports, and tools such as IBDnow utilised to enhance communication.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.657-670
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• 2011

China has gone through rapid economic growth due to transitional economies since 1978. In particular, Chinese transitional economies has led to fundamental changes in firms' activities under the socialist system. Nevertheless, Chinese firms have formed new industrial production organizations and spatial orders by sustaining personal networks based on existing traditional firm practice, which is called 'guanxi'. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to identify the influence of personal networks, guanxi, on the business activities of Chinese firms by investigating the formation of guanxi mechanism. The main characteristics of guanxi represented in inter-firm relations are as follows. First, guanxi has played a role in facilitating inter-firm relations and business activities, because it has an inter-debt relations based on inter-reciprocal relations between firms. Second, Chinese firms has depended on posteriori guanxi rather than inherent guanxi by the internalization of personal networks through 'guanxi communicators'.Third, guanxi between firms and local government in extra-firm relations has been established to minimize risks from unstable legal regulations.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.2 s.60
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• pp.293-302
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• 2005

The emotion and culture of an age are reflected through several mediums. The special quality and generality are discovered through household utensils used in everyday life specially. This paper was intended as proceeding study for brand development with national empathic relationship. In this article, we were here concerned with symbolism and features for stories of traditional pattern on ancestral common household utensils, and considered about development possibility by brand of tradition pattern. As analysis for symbolism of traditional pattern, re-sorting and classifying pattern, meaning, symbol and stories of pattern based on 'Blessing notion' were set. It was found from the analysis that meaning and symbol of traditional pattern were set up and stories for them were excerpted. This study defines tradition pattern classified based on 'Blessing notion' as '8 Blessing pattern', and investigated development possibility and derivative value of it. We discovered through this study that 'Blessing patterns' function as communicator, have 4 abilities in sympathy with brand paradigm, and have 6 elements of brand identity. Furthermore, 'Blessing Patierns' have some derivative functions; cognitive intension, expression, loyalty, differentiation and symbol. This research will become basis of study for brand development having 'Empathic relationship' and foundation of 'Blessing brand' that is available to be umbrella and super brand. A further direction of this study will be to make 'Blessing brand series' and to create culture of it. We hope Korean brand market goes a step further through our studies

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.73-81
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• 2020

This study is a single-group study to check the effectiveness of nursing students on their communication credibility, communication confidence and clinical decision-making ability by implementing SBAR-applied simulation training to improve the difficulty of delivering clear information to medical personnel during transition. By combining simulation practices and SBAR training based on emergency situations of mothers and newborns, programs were developed and applied to communicate clearly and briefly to the medical staff about emergencies and to enhance communication skills. The subjects were 91 fourth-year nursing college students from one university in B metropolitan city. The data were collected from Feb. 18, 2019 to Feb. 28, 2019 and were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program as a paired t-test. The results revealed that the communication clarity measured after the simulation exercise (t=-3.99, p<.001), Communication Confidence (t=-8.60, p<.001), Clinical Decision Capacity (t=-4.66, p<.001) Statistically, it has increased significantly. Therefore, the purpose of this research is significant in that it seeks to promote the expertise of nursing college students by developing and applying simulation practical education programs to enhance the communication skills and clinical decision-making skills of nursing college students as prospective medical personnel.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.716-730
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• 2016

The meaning and role of science culture based on such values as rational thinking, creativity, critical validation has been growing in the process of discussing various social problems. In order to diffuse science culture, it is important to sustain citizen's activeness by providing contents which can induce interest on the base of two-way communication between public and experts and to support citizen activities performed voluntarily. To that end, various people such as scientist, government policymaker, communicator, those in charge of culture and art, exhibition curator should make up collaboration system and such requirement as motivation, leadership, agreement between the participants, communication, trust relationship is also to be met properly in order to proceed collaboration efficiently. This study reviews how these factors are coming true in governmental project for science culture and develops proposal for improvement on the base of opinions collected through expert meetings, interviews, workshop and data research. In addition, it explains that government must strengthen scientific cultural project personnel and lay infra such as communications hub, regional center, platform and improve the business selection method to promote competition and collaboration among project participants with reformation of reward and regulatory systems. It is performed to suggest comprehensive ways to increase efficiency of project for science culture out of not the deficit model which regard public as passive acceptant but context model or PES(public engagement in science) that take public who focus his attention and participate actively into account.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.281-289
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• 2018

The Korean environmental impact assessment(EIA) system, and explored ways to improve it as a more efficient and viable institution relevant to the demand of our time and conditions in study. The first problem this study identified is found in the fact that the party to write up the assessment report is itself the business operator or the one who is planning to work out the business plan. This structure translates into placing an order with an agent for EIA report. The reporting job may br subcontracted to the agent at a cost far below the rate specified in the 'Standard for Estimate of Agency Fee for Environmental Impact Assessment.' This practice also causes the vicious circle of producing a report that is written to justify the project or business in question or it leads to rough-and ready and poor documentation to minimize the time required. Second, in order to achieve the goal of the plan or business, which is the target of EIA, the local residents tend to ve regarded as an obstacle. This means elimination of the local people from participating in the EIA or their opinion being frequently ignored. This is the seed of distrust and hostility that sometimes provoke disagreements or fierce conflicts. The first proposal to improve these problem is to improve the factors that cause poor documentation of the assessment report as well as improve the understanding of the EIA system. This study proposes the following measures for improvement. The agency cost for EIA should be paid by the business operator or a third party that can ensure faithful implementation of the payment. A system should be established to verify transparent estimation of the agency cost. In order to enhance the professional quality of EIA agents, there should be implementation of qualification test for industrial engineer of related engineers in addition to the current EIA Qualification Test. The second proposal for improvement is to improve the citizen participation process by instituting a legal framework to make clear the purpose of the briefing session for local residents, which is held as a procedure of EIA, and to ensure more positive publicity during the stage of listening to the opinion of the local community. For a smooth and rational communication process, a moderator and a communicator of opinion, as is the case in a public hearing, could be instituted to clearly get the purpose of the briefing session across to the residents and to help to carry out the explanation and Q & A sessions according to the categories of the opinion of the residents. At present, the notification of the public inspection of the draft of the assessment report and briefing session for the residents is made on the newspaper and internet network. But some people have difficulty with access to this method of announcement. A higher participation rate could be secured if a legal provision is added to specify putting up placards in specific places such as the entrance to the place for the briefing session for residents or the building of administrative agencies of the area concerned.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.3 s.102
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

Che Guevara spearheading the Cuban Revolution was not only the icon as the revolutionary to the New-leftists of the 1960s advocating the ideology of Marxism but, as the cultural revolutionary, had a tremendous influence on the younger generation living in the digital age Che Guevara take on a figure of both the symbol of the Leftist but the romantic revolutionary because he had the external features such as black beret, red stars, military upper jackets and trousers, beard and pipe tobacco. In fact, the symbolic image of Che Guevara was made as the popular image by the avantgarde artists and political vanguard forces of the times under the necessity of Cuban government. Afterwards, the image of Che Guevara has been patronized in making people of aware of the resistant and revolutionary image to capital, power and the power of the media and symbolized as the resistant image to the American capital as well as the revolutionary guerrilla. And his image has continued to be reproduced and symbolized for the commercial and political purposes and as the enthusiastic image of youth culture. This can be seen as having been created as a new image by the popular culture formed by the development of the cyber culture and mass media in the cyberspace shaped by contemporary 'N' generations. The use of Che Guevara's symbolic image was made in the fashion field as well as in the cultural and artistic circles. The borrowing of the icon of Che Guevara represented in a fashion field is attributed to his free spirit, and it can be seen that fashion exists as the vehicle for representing both the symbol system and the sign system containing ideologies and texts as the communicator of resistance to the regime and to social issues. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate the commercial iconization of Che Guevara in the 1990s by comparing the ideology of the symbol in the 1960s and the 1990s and inquire into the borrowing of his image by the fashion domain as well as the fashion worn by him by reference to domestic books and materials on the fashion site. Thereby, this study attempted to make clear that the borrowing of Che Guevara in the realm of fashion since the 1990s not only contained the meaningful interpretation as the symbolic code in the culture of young people living in a digital era but fashion performs an intervening role in the cultural phenomenon.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

As we are turnning into the aged society, accidents by falling down are increasing in the aged people's group. In this paper, we design the system with the 3-Axis acceleration sensor which is composed by a single chip. The body activity signal is measured with the signal detector and RF communicator in this proposed system and the and falling by the entering signal pattern analysis with 3-Axis acceleration sensor. For the RF communication, we are using nRF24L01p and 8bits ATmega uC for the processor. The error of energy expenditure estimation between motor driven treadmill and proposed a body activity module was 7.8% respectively. Human activities and falling is monitored according to analyze and judge the critical value of the Signal Vector. as falled down if they don't turn off the alarm after specific period and the aged person's after falling down activities are their position and more.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7635-7647
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is modeling nursing competencies and reasoning out the core competencies, the ability for 20% of important actions for nursing jobs which can manage the rest 80% so that the competency-based nursing curriculum can be developed. A literature review of the vast studies regarding competencies was done to understand the concepts of competency-based curriculum, competency, and nursing competencies, identifying the relationships among each nursing competency categorized in accordance with those concepts. An exemplified concept map of core competencies for the competency-based nursing curriculum is suggested based on a thorough review of various competency modeling methodologies. The core competencies consist of base competency (theoretical/practical nursing knowledge and skills), practical competency (clinical judgment, patient education, communication, etc.), and personality competency (leadership, sense of responsibility, cooperation, etc.). The circular relationship among them can remain consistent through self-directed learning and critical thinking. Therefore, a nurse who have those core competencies is a knowledge worker, a self-directed learner, and also an effective, professional communicator. Further studies which solidify the concept of nursing competencies should be done, as well as the feedback procedures which evaluate the program outcomes and then reflect the evaluation results in the curriculum should be followed continuously.

• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.69-87
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• 2011

Until now, most of the attention related information and knowledge transmission is on the verbal message provided by educators. But recently, many researchers are emphasizing importance of nonverbal communication behavior in the evaluation of communicator include educators. When nonverbal messages reinforce verbal messages, meaning is conveyed quickly and easily and with increased comprehension. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of professor nonverbal communication on students' academic achievement. In this study, nonverbal communication was divided into the three dimensions of kinesis, proxemics, paralanguage, and physical appearance. It was studied to examine the direct or indirect effects of nonverbal communication on attitude toward the professor and academic achievement. Additionally, it examined the moderating effect of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between attitude toward the professor and academic achievement. The data were collected from 214 college students using an online survey. The results showed that the kinesis, proxemics, and physical appearance, except paralanguage, have significantly positive influence on attitude toward the professor. And the moderating effect of academic self-efficacy has also been founded.