• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보교육학회 2011년도 동계학술대회
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• pp.167-173
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• 2011

현재 우리 사회는 웹 1.0 시대를 지나 웹 2.0 이라는 새로운 웹 패러다임으로 진화하고 있다. 웹 2.0의 가장 큰 특징은 개방, 참여, 공유의 세 가지의 정신을 다양한 형태로 실현한다는 것이다. 이러한 웹 2.0을 가장 대표하는 것이 바로 위키이다. 위키는 온라인상에서 다수의 컴퓨터 사용자가 서로 연결되어 자유롭게 서로의 글을 공동 편집할 수 있도록 구현된 동적 프로그래밍 도구이다. 그러므로 온라인상에서 학생들간 협력학습을 구현해 내는데 있어서 아주 효과적일 수 있고 그러한 협력학습을 하는 과정에서 학생들은 자연스럽게 긍정적인 상호작용 기술들을 습득하게 될 것이다. 즉, 본 연구는 이러한 위키를 통한 초동학생들의 온라인 협력학습 과정이 공격적이고 비판적인 성향이 강한 학생들에게 필요한 배려심, 너그러움 등의 긍정적인 상호작용 기술을 습득하도록 하는데 도움을 줄 수 있다는 결과를 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제25권
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• pp.83-150
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• 1993

Traditionally, the emphasis of the information services had been placed on the information provider's knowledge of information sources or information systems. However, in view of the increasing complexity of the information environment. and changes taking place in information professions the evaluation of the information services has callded for further research in interpersonal communication aspects of the librarian user interface especially that which links to user satisfaction. This experimental study was carried out for the purpose of exploring the implications of nonverbal behaviors in measuring user satisfaction in the light of the fact that the meaning of nonverbal clues includes more than verbal communication especially in dealing with variable barriers even though they operate at low levels of awareness. In this sense, among the wide range of nonverbal communication areas in particular kinesics, artifacts and the proximics were examined to suggest alternative model which can be applied effectively in our specific set of information work environment. Two major university libraries and two research libraries in Korea were chosen and visited for the anlysis and per each refernce/information interview the librarian's nonverbal behaviors were checked on the observer's checklist and the qustionnaires completed by the user at a time. On the basis of these data firstly, the relation of user satisfaction concerned with the librarian's nonverbal communication to user satisfaction with information services was analyzed and the possible communication barriers were investigated. In addition, the effect of training the information librarian with positive nonverbal communication skills on the user's satisfaction was analyzed in a SAS computer program in the area of kinesics. On the other hand, the effect of other nonverbal behaviors such as proximics and artifacts known very important clues to improving a complex human interaction was discussed along with their experimental results. In conclusion, it was found that most of users were not sensitive to the importance of nonverbal behaviors exposed by the information librarian, but it was proved that the ultimate user satisfaction and the satisfaction of the librarian's nonverbal behaviors are correlated positively, Moreover, nonverbal behaviors displayed by the trained librarian toward the user had a considerable effect on the user's evalution of information services compared with those by the untrained. These findings imply that in order to control the librarian's nonverbal behaviors and to help the user overcome his barriers the information librarian as a specialist needs to assure and modify willilingly his communication behavior. Without making effective use of such nonverbal communication, information librarian could not expect to meet the user's information needs either. However, when these positive nonverbal behaviors are applied it would be highly desirable to be aware of cultural and contextual differences. With regard to increasing information services success the applicable nonverbal communication model for library management and education can be suggested as below.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.458-468
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify metacommunicative behaviors between nurses and patients in a pediatric unit. The research method included observation using videotaping. Data were collected from December, 2001 to February, 2002. Total six nurses, and eight patients and their mothers in a pediatric unit participated in this study. The interactions were videotaped under the participants' consent. The participants were observed for total 8 hours over 2-day period. Special episodes which were identified as metacommunicative behaviors in the taped interactions were transcribed. Transcription included verbal and nonverbal interactions. Selected episodes were classified using Mitchell's definition. Each classified definitions were named, and categorized by its purpose. The results were as follows: Nineteen metacommunicative behaviors which used frequently by nurses-approaching, mediating eye level, eye contact, touching, encouraging, turnabout, mimic voice, giving choices, friendly demand, expansion, tagging, repeating and confirming, identification, reflection, baby talk, symbolization, description of acts, relaxed posture, turning away- were identified and organized into four categories. They were call for attention, facilitating response, empathy, and tension release. In conclusion, nurses in this study used metacommunicative behaviors frequently and these behaviors were effective in interacting with children. It is suggested that any educational programs to teach communication skills to nurses need to include techniques on metacommunicative behaviors. This will help nurses to be more sensitive to different characteristics of their patients.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2021

Learning by teaching (LbT) has long been recognized as an important learning behavior that constructs meaning based on interactions between learners. This study aimed to explore the meaning of LbT as an important learning activity for future implementation in education. LbT is based on the cultural historical activity theory and sociocultural learning theory, as developed by scholars including Vygotsky. These frameworks value the construction of meaning based on language, and LbT is reported to be effective in constructing meaning. In addition, within the zone of proximal development posited by Vygotsky, learning through interaction between learners improves academic achievement, higher-order thinking, deep learning, and reflective learning. LbT also promotes students' learning presence, and strengthens various competencies such as collaboration and communication skills. Interactive behavior between learners in the form of LbT has been explored as an approach to teaching and learning, with methods including peer learning, peer tutoring, peer teaching, peer mentoring, Lernen durch Lehren, and peer-assisted learning. LbT has also been applied as a learning method. In the future, LbT has boundless potential to improve learning through activities such as flipped learning or online learning based on interactions between learners.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors to predict of condom use for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among sex workers in a Korean community. The theoretical ground of this study was the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior. Method: A descriptive, cross sectional and retrospective research design was employed in this study. A total of 100 sex workers who take a clinical check-up on STDs regularly at W Public Health Center were recruited by convenient sampling, and with consent to participate in this study. All of the measures were piloted, and the reliability of each scale ranged from 0.7 to 0.9. Data were analyzed using discriminating function analysis with SPSS-PC. Results: Five independent measures (partner preference for using condoms, subjects desire to prevent STD, age, type of relationship and sexual self-determination) contributed significantly to the best discriminating function. The discriminating function analysis resulted in correct classification of 83.1% of the respondents into their corresponding groups. Conclusion: Condoms are a main means of STDs prevention. Risk-reduction interventions that enhance communication skills and intrinsic motivation will be effective in increasing condom use to prevent STDs among sex workers.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2021

The year 2020 was a time when the coronavirus infections-19 (COVID-19) caused various changes in society. In particular, the fields that have been conducted face-to-face have been greatly confused by the transition to an online non-face-to-face method, and this is the case with the field of education. There are two main advantages of offline education. The first is that we can improve our understanding through communication with teachers, and the second is that we can develop social skills through interaction with friends. But as online classes progressed due to corona 19, interaction could not be achieved. As a result, the motivation for learning has been reduced due to difficulties in real-time feedback, and the participation rate has been significantly lowered, especially in lower grades, raising concerns about the learning gap that will occur after corona 19. However, there are some cases in which online classes were conducted as effectively as offline classes by utilizing various contents. What they have in common is the use of content. Teachers generally improved the quality of education by linking interesting sights and videos that enhance learning comprehension. The provided video conveys learning-related content into stories, enabling intuitive observation. Many students were already enjoying these videos through VOD (Video on Demand) such as TV and YouTube, they were able to connect their easy access to content and interest in learning. Appropriate use of video content has rather increased the learning effect and should continue after corona 19. Therefore, it is necessary to study methodologies that apply video content efficiently to education. This study looked at the steps that needed content application through the development of education programs, and observed its meaning. Students were curious about the content, motivated to learn and participated in learning on their own. Intuitive learning, conducted through appreciation, play and content production, provided an opportunity to learn on their own in everyday life.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.307-319
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 소집단 활동에서 의사소통 구조와 집단 내 지위에 따라 지구과학 영재들의 언어적 상호 작용에 차이가 있는지를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위하여 지구의 밀도를 측정하는 소집단 탐구 활동을 실시하였으며, 이 과정에서 소집단 간의 의사소통 구조가 서로 다른 공유형 집단 4개, 독점형 집단 4개 등 8개 소집단을 선정하였다. 이후 언어적 상호작용을 분석하기 위한 분석틀을 개발하여 소집단 간의 특성 차이를 비교하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 의사소통 구조에 관계없이 모든 소집단에서 학생들은 핑퐁(pingpong)형의 단순한 의사소통 구조를 보이고 있었다. 둘째, 소집단의 의사소통 구조 및 집단 내 지위에 관계없이 모든 소집단에서 '제재', '지시', '불만', '자신감 부족'과 같은 부정적인 상호작용이 우세하게 나타났다. 셋째, 소집단 내의 방관자의 지위에 있는 학생들은 상대방에게 지시하는 행동, 상대방의 행동을 저지하는 행동, 그리고 구성원의 태도나 능력에 대한 불만 표현 등의 언어적 상호 작용을 주로 보이고 있었다. 그러므로 교사는 소집단 활동에서 학생들이 상위 수준의 언어적 상호 작용을 구사하도록 지도해야 하고, 부정적 상호 작용이 발생하지 않도록 학생들의 의사소통에 관여해야 한다. 또한 교사는 사전에 소집단 내 방관자의 지위에 있는 학생들에 대한 성취 수준을 확인하고 이들이 소집단 활동에 보다 적극적으로 참여할 수 있도록 지도할 필요가 있다. 이 연구는 학생들의 문제 해결 능력과 의사소통 능력을 향상시키기 위한 교수학습 설계에 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2012

새롭게 등장한 미디어아트는 디지털미디어 시대에 맞추어 새롭고 다양한 표현방법으로 발전하고 있다. 전통예술과 다르게 관객이 적극적 주체가 되어 작품에 참여하고 상호작용하게 되면서 관객과의 소통이 크게 중요해졌다. 이러한 디지털 예술작품들이 이제는 단순히 갤러리에서만 구현되는 것이 아니라 일상생활에서 손쉽게 접하는 장소 및 물품에서도 그 모습을 볼 수가 있다. 이러한 작품들은 더욱 상호작용을 함으로써 미디어아트의 대중적 접근을 쉽게 만들고 있다. 이에 본 논문을 통해 파티클 시스템을 이용한 실시간 멀티미디어 시계 작품을 구성하는 연구를 하였다. 시간은 오랜 기간 동안 전통예술 영역에서 중요한 테마로 활용되어왔으며 다양하게 표현되고 있다. 시간의 연속성과 그에 따른 존재의 가치를 테크놀로지 기술을 바탕으로 표현하기 위하여 시계라는 대중적 매체를 활용하고 사용성과 관객의 상호작용에 의한 감성적 만족을 함께 제공할 수 있는 작품을 제안한다.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.65-78
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• 2023

목적 : 본 연구에서는 체계적 문헌 고찰을 통하여 국내 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 보호자를 대상으로 실시한 가족 중심 중재의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 문헌검색은 2011년부터 2021년 사이의 문헌을 RISS, KISS, DBpia를 통하여 검색하였다. 검색어는 '자폐스펙트럼' OR '전반적발달장애' OR '고기능 자폐' OR '아스퍼거' AND '부모 교육' OR '가족중심중재' OR '부모코칭' OR '부모훈련' OR '가족참여' 등을 적용하였다. 선정 기준에 따라 최종적으로 11편의 실험연구를 선정하였다. 결과 : 연구 참가자의 일반적 특성, 중재 전략 및 효과, 중재 프로토콜을 확인한 결과, 연구대상은 영유아기 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동이 가장 많았고, 가족 중심 중재에 어머니들이 주로 참여하였다. 가족 중심 중재의 효과는 아동과 부모에게서 모두 나타났으며, 아동에게서는 상호작용 및 의사소통에 대한 효과가 가장 높은 비중을 차지하였고, 부모에게서는 양육 스트레스 감소 및 양육효능감 향상을 보였다. 중재 전략은 감각통합 중재, 반응적 의사소통 및 상호작용 중심 중재가 가장 많았고, 발달 중심 중재, 긍정적 행동 지원 중재(Positive Behavioral Supports; PBS), 중심축 반응 훈련(Pivotal Response Training; PRT)순으로 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과를 통해 가족 중심 중재는 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 기능뿐만 아니라 부모의 양육 스트레스 및 양육효능감에 효과가 있음이 확인되었으며 임상 활용의 근거를 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.415-421
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• 2018

Objective: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairment in social skills and communication with repetitive behaviors. Etiology is still unclear although it is thought to develop with interaction of genes and environmental factors. Oxytocin has extensive effects on intrauterine brain development. Vitamin D, affects neural development and differentiation and contributes to the regulation of around 900 genes including oxytocin receptor gene. In the present study, the contribution of D vitamin receptor and oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms in the development of ASD in Turkish community was investigated. To our knowledge, this is the first study examining these two associated genes together in the literature. Methods: Eighty-five patients diagnosed with ASD according to DSM-5 who were referred to outpatient clinics of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry of Başkent University and Mersin University and 52 healthy, age and gender-matched controls were included in the present study. Vitamin D receptor gene rs731236 (Taq1), rs2228570 (Fok1), rs1544410 (Bsm1), rs7975232 (Apa1) polymorphisms and oxytocin receptor gene rs1042778 and rs2268493 polymorphisms were investigated using real time polymerase chain reaction method. Results: No significant difference between groups in terms of distribution of genotype and alleles in each of polymorphisms for these genes could be found. Conclusion: Knowledge of genes and polymorphisms associated with the development of ASD may be beneficial for early diagnosis and future treatment. Further studies with larger populations are required to demonstrate molecular pathways which may play part in the development of ASD in Turkey.