• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.947-953
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• 2002

Two types of electronic nose were used for investigating the quality of dried lavers stored at 5, 15, and $30^{\circ}C$ RH of 32, 43, and 75%. The electronic nose is composed of metal oxide sensors, and GC is based on SAW sensor. Quality change in dried lavers was described in terms of the sensitivities $(R_{gas}/R_{air})$ of the sensors. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out using data obtained from six metal oxide sensors. The first principal component scores were correlated with quality changes of dried lavers. As storage time increased, the stored laver cluster separated from that of fresh lavers. A chromatogram was obtained from GC based on SAW sensor. Olfactory image, A $VaporPrint^{TM}$ image for pattern recognition, showed a significant difference between the stored and the fresh samples. Dried lavers during storage at $30^{\circ}C$ and 75% had bacterial counts of $5.7{\times}10^6\;CFU/g$ after 8 day. Increase of microbial count correlated with the response of electronic nose $(r^2=0.87)$. Whereas, color values showed no correlation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.221-232
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• 2017

In recent years, the development and market participation of major makers of next-generation eco-friendly vehicles has been accelerating. Consumer interest has also increased. Consumer characteristics, consumption type, characteristics of next-generation eco-friendly vehicles, and government policies on next-the results of this study are as follows. As a result of this study, it was found that the characteristics of consumers (by sex, age, monthly average income), types of consumers (price value pursuit type, individual value pursuit type), There was no significant difference between the consumers, and the purchasing intention was not significantly different by gender, age, and monthly income, but there was a significant difference in purchase intention according to the type of consumer. The positive effects of consumer purchase behavior on brand image, color, design, etc, have positive (+) effect on eco - friendly vehicles. And social environment value seeking type among consumer types are significant in relation to purchase intention. To have three support the government's carbon dioxide (per ton of 5,000 won, per ton of 10,000 won), national or local government vehicle price support directly gasolin tax, disel tax, carbon taxes, such as fuel-related tax relief, etc. was found to have positive effect.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.427-439
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• 2008

This paper proposes a novel method to convert monoscopic soccer videos to stereoscopic videos. Through the soccer video analysis process, we detect shot boundaries and classify soccer frames into long shot or non-long shot. In the long shot case, the depth mapis generated relying on the size of the extracted ground region. For the non-long shot case, the shot is further partitioned into three types by considering the number of ground blocks and skin blocks which is obtained by a simple skin-color detection method. Then three different depth assignment methods are applied to each non-long shot types: 1) Depth estimation by object region extraction, 2) Foreground estimation by using the skin block and depth value computation by Gaussian function, and 3)the depth map generation for shots not containing the skin blocks. This depth assignment is followed by stereoscopic image generation. Subjective evaluation comparing generated depth maps and corresponding stereoscopic images indicate that the proposed algorithm can yield the sense of depth from a single view images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.133-139
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• 2021

Currently, the process of constructing a high-definition road map has a high proportion of manual labor, so there are limitations in construction time and cost. Research to automate map production with high-definition road maps using artificial intelligence is being actively conducted, but since the construction of training data for the map construction is also done manually, there is a need to automatically build training data. Therefore, in this study, after converting to images using point clouds acquired by a mobile mapping system, the road marking areas were extracted through image reclassification and overlap analysis using thresholds. Then, a methodology was proposed to automatically construct training data for deep learning data for the high-definition road map through the classification of the polygon types in the extracted regions. As a result of training 2,764 lane data constructed through the proposed methodology on a deep learning-based PointNet model, the training accuracy was 99.977%, and as a result of predicting the lanes of three color types using the trained model, the accuracy was 99.566%. Therefore, it was found that the methodology proposed in this study can efficiently produce training data for high-definition road maps, and it is believed that the map production process of road markings can also be automated.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.343-355
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• 2022

This study investigated the consumption tendency and awareness of paprika in order to expand and promote the consumption of Capsicum annuum L. The research investigated the relationship of preference and loyalty based on emotional response of paprika according to the semantic differential scale. The survey was conducted from January to February 2022 using a random sampling method targeting 155 general people, and a total of 142 questionnaires were analyzed excluding 13 wrong answers. The nine items on the awareness of paprika showed to be consisted of three factors such as 'Food taste', 'Usability', and 'Economics' by factor analysis. Regarding to the awareness of paprika the positive answer that 'I think paprika is good for health' among the nine questions was the highest at 92.3%. In the preference aspect of shape, blocky type had the highest preference for the shape of paprika, followed by mini and conical types in order of preference (p < 0.001). As for color preference, yellow paprika was the most preferred, followed by orange, red, and green, showing statistical significance. The emotional response of paprika by paprika image showed a statistically significant difference in the four colors. The words such as 'bright', 'clean', and 'spirited' appeared as representative emotional vocabulary for paprika. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the effect of paprika on the three factors of awareness, preference, and loyalty due to the quality of life. As a result, the higher the paprika preference and quality of life, and the higher the taste and availability factors, the higher the paprika awareness and loyalty. As the variable that has the most influence on the loyalty of the survey respondents, preference was found to have the highest explanatory power at 43%. From these results, it was judged as a very important factor in the survey on the shape and color preference of paprika. Therefore, the recent increase in awareness that paprika is good for health is thought to act as a positive factor in revitalizing the domestic market and increasing consumption of paprika in the future. Also, among the three types of paprika, the yellow blunt type showed the highest preference. Therefore, in order to produce and promote this type of paprika, it is also important to increase the cultivation to suit the purchasing propensity of consumers.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.375-390
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• 2009

Statement of problem: Implant supported overdenture is accepted widely as a way to restore edentulous ridge providing better retention and support of dentures. Various types of attachment for overdenture have been developed. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of attachment type in implant overdentures on the biomechanical stress distribution in the surrounding bone, prosthesis and interface between implant and bone. Material and methods: Finite element analysis method was used. Average CT image of mandibular body(Digital $Korea^{(R)}$, KISTI, Korea) was used to produce a mandibular model. Overdentures were placed instead of mandibular teeth and 2mm of mucosa was inserted between the overdenture and mandible. Two implants($USII^{(R)}$, Osstem, Korea) were placed at both cuspid area and 4 types of overdenture were fabricated ; ball and socket, Locator, magnet and bar type. Load was applied on the from second premolar to second molar tooth area. 6 times of finite element analyses were performed according to the direction of the force $90^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and unilateral or bilateral force applied. The stress at interface between implants and bone, and prosthesis and the bone around implants ware compared using von Mises stress. The results were explained with color coded graphs based on the equivalent stress to distinguish the force distribution pattern and the site of maximum stress concentration. Results: Unilateral loading showed that connection area between implant fixture and bar generated maximum stress in bar type overdentures. Bar type produced 100 Mpa which means the most among 4 types of attachments. Bilateral loading, however, showed that bar type was more stable than other implants(magnet, ball and socket). 26 Mpa of bar type was about a half of other types on overdenture under $90^{\circ}$ bilateral loading. Conclusions: In any directions of stress, bar type was proved to be the most vulnerable type in both implants and overdentures. Interface stress did not show any significant difference in stress distribution pattern.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.225-231
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the possibility of improving the texture and flavor of Dasik by adding various types of sugar (syrup, honey) and flavor ingredients (omija, chija, coffee, green tea extract) to rice powder. Dasik samples were prepared, and the sensory quality and physical characteristics of those were compared. The moisture content of Dasik added with syrup was higher than that of honey. Coffee Dasik with syrup was the highest (23.6) in moisture content. In sensory quality, the omija and coffee Dasik showed the highest score in flavor quality (p<.001). Omija Dasik with honey and coffee Dasik with syrup showed the highest scores in overall acceptability (6.4, 6.2). Green tea Dasik with syrup showed the highest value in the lightness (L) of color. Omija Dasik with syrup showed the highest value in the redness (a) of color Chija Dasik was the highest in the yellowness(b) of color. In physical characteristics, the hardness was negatively correlated with the moistness, tenderness, and texture acceptability in sensory quality(p〈0.001). The cohesiveness was positively correlated with the overall acceptability in sensory quality (p〈0.01). In the relation of texture characteristics and sensory quality, the higher the moisture content, the lower the hardness and springiness were, but the higher the brittleness and the cohesiveness were(p〈.001). Overall, omija and coffee Dasik appeared to have desirable flavor, taste and overall acceptability.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 2009

Purpose: Glomus tumors are rare benign vascular tumors, usually located in the skin or soft tissue of extremities. Approximately 30-50% of glomus tumors occur in subungal area, but glomus tumors have been described in every location even where glomus bodies are not or rarely present. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical, histologic and MRI characteristics of soft tissue glomus tumor. Materials and Methods: Between 1993 and 2008, eight patients underwent surgery of soft tissue Glomus tumor at our institution. Exclusion criteria were patients with Glomus tumors in digits, stomach, trachea and glomus tympanicum. We analyzed medical records, interviews, physical examinations, MR findings and histolocial types retrospectively. Results: There were four men and four women. The mean age was fourty-seven years. The mean prevalence time was eight-point-nine years. In the classic triad of symptoms, all eight patients had pain and tenderness. Two patients complained of cold sensitivity. Two showed skin color changes. After surgery, two showed symptom improvement (VAS $9^{\circ}{\rightarrow}8$, $8^{\circ}{\rightarrow}5$) and?six showed complete disappearance of symptoms. Slightly symptom improvemented (VAS $9^{\circ}{\rightarrow}8$) one had additional surgery two times after first surgery due to relapse/remaining Glomus tumor. The mean size was 13.9 mm. In histology, six were 'solid glomus tumor', one was a mixture of 'solid glomus tumor' and 'lomangioma' and one was 'malignant glomus tumor'. MR findings showed isointense signal on T1 image, high signal on T2 image and strong enhancement on the Gadolinium enhanced image. Conclusion: Glomus tumor has low recurrence rate and malignant change, rapid diagnosis and surgical excision is critical in treatment to prevent unnecessary pain of patient.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.18B no.6
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• pp.333-340
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• 2011

The Human-Computer Interaction(HCI) is a study of the method for interaction between human and computers that merges the ergonomics and the information technology. The intelligent space, which is a part of the HCI, is an important area to provide effective user interface for the disabled, who are alienated from the information-oriented society. In the intelligent space for the disabled, the method supporting information depends on types of disability. In this paper, we only support the hearing-impaired. It is material to the gaze direction detection method because it is very efficient information provide method to present information on gazing direction point, except for the information provide location perception method through directly contact with the hearing-impaired. We proposed the gaze direction detection method must be necessary in order to provide the residence life application to the hearing-impaired like this. The proposed method detects the region of the user from multi-view camera images, generates candidates for directions of gaze for horizontal and vertical from each camera, and calculates the gaze direction of the user through the comparison with the size of each candidate. In experimental results, the proposed method showed high detection rate with gaze direction and foot sensing rate with user's position, and showed the performance possibility of the scenario for the disabled.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.1252-1261
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose the comparison method of pattern similarity for video segmentation algorithm. The shot boundary type is categorized as 2 types, abrupt change and gradual change. The representative examples of gradual change are dissolve, fade-in, fade-out or wipe transition. The proposed method consider the problem to detect shot boundary as 2-class problem. We concentrated if the shot boundary event happens or not. It is essential to define similarity between frames for shot boundary detection. We proposed 2 similarity measures, within similarity and between similarity. The within similarity is defined by feature comparison between frames belong to same shot. The between similarity is defined by feature comparison between frames belong to different scene. Finally we calculated the statistical patterns comparison between the within similarity and between similarity. Because this measure is robust to flash light or object movement, our proposed algorithm make contribution towards reducing false positive rate. We employed color histogram and mean of sub-block on frame image as frame feature. We performed the experimental evaluation with video dataset including set of TREC-2001 and TREC-2002. The proposed algorithm shows the performance, 91.84% recall and 86.43% precision in experimental circumstance.