• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.5-11
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• 1977

The mature human braun contains over 10 billion nerve cells (neurons), whose functions are directly related to the acquisition, transfer, processing, analysis, and utilization of all the information. There are also billions of glial cells, which serve primarily to support and to maintain the integrity of the neuron network and to synthesize an essential fatty strucfure, myelin. In the human brain DNA content therefore cell number rises rapidly until birth and then more slowly until $5{\sim}6$ months of age, when it reaches a maximum. While glial cells may be replaced, the more important nerve cell neurons can never be replaced once they are formed. Humans are born with their full complement of neurons and every neuron is as old as each individual. Thus prenatal malnutrition can seriously affect a person's entire life by severely inhibiting the production of neurons before birth.It has been demonstrated that in humans severe malnutrition during the fetal period and in infancy is associated with intellectual impairment. Severely malnourished children have brains smaller than average size and have been found to have $15{\sim}20%$ fewer brain cells than wellnourished childen. There is growing body of literature pointing to malnutrition as a cause of abnormal behavior as evidence that suggests these abnormalities may produce chromosomal damage that may persist forever. Although cognitive development in children is affected by multiple environmental factors, nutrition certainly deaerves more attention than it has received.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 2003

Home networking technology connects individual home appliances through a wired or wireless network and makes possible new functions that were impossible when they were used independently. However, the new functions must not simply be confusing arrays of functions that are possible to implement, but those absolutely necessary to the users. To develop innovative information appliances with such functions, scenarios were used and played guiding roles in suggesting new product ideas, making design mockups, and producing videos to show natural situations where the products would be used in home of the future. In the phase of suggesting new product ideas, user action scenarios in the home, generated by a team consisting of experts in the fields of cognitive engineering, user interface, computer science, cultural anthropology, interaction design, and product design, helped the team identify user needs and design factors necessary to fulfill those needs and suggest new product ideas from the design factors. In the phase of making design mockups, the procedures of using the products were described in the scenario format. Based on the scenarios the s쇼les and the user interfaces of them were designed. In the phase of producing videos, the interactions between the user and the product were embodied in the course of professional writers'arranging the scenarios of using the products for the scripts of the videos. Videos were produced to show the actual situations where the design mockups would be used in home of the future and the dynamic aspects of interaction design.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.705-713
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• 2009

This paper proposes CORBA-based visual servoing system of humanoid robot. To effectively control the humanoid robot which is connected to network, it needs to define necessary services for visual servoing as distribution object, and realize them in the middleware. For realizing it following services should be addressed. Naming service for searching a necessary service with unique name assigned to each object, image service for supplying image obtained from stereo camera. In the experiment, we show the result of balloon tracking and bursting that the robot tracks balloons as target objects in the real time, and if a balloon stop for a certain time, then the robot bursts the balloon.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.209-216
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• 2019

Over the past decade, researchers were able to solve complex medical problems as well as acquire deeper understanding of entire issue due to the availability of machine learning techniques, particularly predictive algorithms and automatic recognition of patterns in medical imaging. In this study, a technique called transfer learning has been utilized to classify Magnetic Resonance (MR) images by a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Rather than training an entire model from scratch, transfer learning approach uses the CNN model by fine-tuning them, to classify MR images into Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal control (NC). The performance of this method has been evaluated over Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging (ADNI) dataset by changing the learning rate of the model. Moreover, in this study, in order to demonstrate the transfer learning approach we utilize different pre-trained deep learning models such as GoogLeNet, VGG-16, AlexNet and ResNet-18, and compare their efficiency to classify AD. The overall classification accuracy resulted by GoogLeNet for training and testing was 99.84% and 98.25% respectively, which was exceptionally more than other models training and testing accuracies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.85-99
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• 2015

This study explores influences of the relationship between social capital and residents' perception in a collective aspects, and also explores the differences of influence between two groups in 10 rural communities. This study conducts regression analysis with residents questionnaires, and analyzes the relationship of influence among the latent factors, and differences between the two groups. As a results, associational network and social trust factors of social capital are identified as the most important factor in the quality of life and residents' attitudes. In addition, the differences in socio-cultural factor of quality of life and residents' attitude between two groups are identified by comparison with the relationship between two groups, although the explanatory power of both groups is not high. To achieve a successful rural tourism based on the result of this study, rural tourism should consider the regional and demographic characteristics, such as age, occupations and education and so on. The major contribution of this study is to confirm that the impact of social capital on the residents' perception would be different by regions in comparison with two groups, and it will be able to provide useful implication for the rural tourism development in the future.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.27-39
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• 2019

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that is revolutionizing computing. It is intended that all objects around us will be connected to the network, providing "anytime, anywhere" access to information. This study introduces IoT with Kolb's learning style in order to enhance the learning experience especially for inclusive education for primary and secondary schools where delivery of knowledge is not limited to physical, cognitive disabilities, human diversity with respect to ability, language, culture, gender, age and of other forms of human differences. The article also emphasizes the role of learning style as a discovery process that incorporates the characteristics of problem solving and learning. Kolb's Learning Style was chosen as it is widely used in research and in practical information systems applications. A consistent pattern of finding emerges by using a combination of Kolb's learning style and internet of things where specific individual differences, learning approach differences and IoT application differences are taken as a main research framework. Further several suggestions were made by using this combination to IoT architecture and smart environment of internet of things. Based on these suggestions, future research directions are proposed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.2144-2159
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• 2015

CISCO VNI predicted an average annual growth rate of 66% for mobile video traffic between 2014 and 2019 and accordingly much academic research related to video streaming has been initiated. In video streaming, Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) is a streaming technique in which a source video is stored on a server at variable encoding rates and each streaming user requests the most appropriate video encoding rate considering their channel capacity. However, these days, ABR related studies are only focusing on real-time rate adaptation omitting energy efficiency though it is one of the most important requirement for mobile devices, which may cause dissatisfaction for streaming users. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient prefetching based dynamic adaptive streaming technique by considering the limited characteristics of the batteries used in mobile devices, in order to reduce the energy waste and provide a similar level of service in terms of the average video rate compared to the latest ABR streaming technique which does not consider the energy consumption. The simulation results is showing that our proposed scheme saves 65~68% of energy at the average global mobile download speed compared to the latest high performance ABR algorithm while providing similar rate adaptation performance.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.111-130
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify and compare social capital measurement tools for the convenient use in public health studies. Method and result: This study examined and compared social capital tools developed individually by the World Bank, the OECD, the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Ireland, and Korea. A comprehensive framework was constructed with six conceptual dimensions and sixteen indices. The six dimensions included Membership, Network, Trust, Information and communication, Social and civic participation, and Social cohesion and exclusion, which connoted the structural, cognitive, bonding, bridging, operative, and output elements. The indices of each tool were respectively matched to the indices of the comprehensive framework. The comprehensive tools were Integrated Questionnaire for the Measurement of Social Capital (SC-IQ) of the World Bank with 27 questions and the European Social Survey (ESS) of the OECD with 80 questions. Conclusion: The SC-IQ should be utilized in public health studies due to its simplicity yet comprehensiveness as a social capital tool. The ESS should also be considered as a comprehensive tool.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.29-49
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• 2011

Social capital theory provides a robust framework for analyzing economic well being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social capital on the economic satisfaction of retirees in Korea. The data from the first wave of KLoSA(Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging) were used(n=1,628). SPSS 12.0 was used for descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The major findings were as follows: First, after controlling for gender, age, region, housing tenure, and personal income, the social capital of the retirees, including cognitive social capital(trust and reciprocity) and structural social capital(emotional and economic familial support, and a well-developed social network), contributes to increases in their economic well-being. Second, the degree of effect social capital has on well-being varied by gender and age; the effect was also different according to gender, regardless of the person's age. These empirical results provide a basis for the institution of policies that help bolster economic wellbeing for retirees by creating conditions that increase social capital in this group.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.19-25
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• 2017

Nowadays, networked computer systems play an increasingly important role in our society and its economy. They have become the targets of a wide array of malicious attacks that invariably turn into actual intrusions. This is the reason computer security has become an essential concern for network administrators. Recently, a number of Detection/Prevention System schemes have been proposed based on various technologies. However, the techniques, which have been applied in many systems, are useful only for the existing patterns of intrusion. Therefore, probe detection has become a major security protection technology to detection potential attacks. Probe detection needs to take into account a variety of factors ant the relationship between the various factors to reduce false negative & positive error. It is necessary to develop new technology of probe detection that can find new pattern of probe. In this paper, we propose an hybrid probe detection using Fuzzy Cognitive Map(FCM) and Self Adaptive Module(SAM) in dynamic environment such as Cloud and IoT. Also, in order to verify the proposed method, experiments about measuring detection rate in dynamic environments and possibility of countermeasure against intrusion were performed. From experimental results, decrease of false detection and the possibilities of countermeasures against intrusions were confirmed.