• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.729-742
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• 2012

Recently, to using chemical coagulation process for T-P removal in STP effluent as tertiary treatment process is generalized in the country. The importance of analysis technique to save the treatment & maintenance cost during coagulation process is becoming more increased each day. Thus, it is necessary for the analysis technique during coagulation process to be presented well the characteristic of coagulation in field apply. There are a few analysis techniques such as Jar Test, zeta potential analysis and streaming current detecting techniques. But there are difficult to apply in field immediately due to long test time and difficult analysis techniques. And using PDA technique, it is reviewed applicability of the techniques as field index on pilot plant of P-CAP system The P-CAP system is composed of an in-line static mixer, a Flocculation Tank and the CAP reactor with 2 stage weir for effluent. Pre-test is performed to fix the mixing velocity in the Flocculation Tank using the PDA equipment and it fixed with 30RPM. Also, Jar Test is performed to select optimum dose of each coagulant for each T-P concentration level of influent. Result of continuous test on pilot plant of P-CAP system, the FSI in the Flocculation Tank is increased consistently by increasing each dosing concentration of coagulant such as LAS and PAC in the low level influent T-P concentration comparatively. It is considered that formed Al-hydroxide complexes for dosed coagulant are caused FSI variation. Furthermore, it seems that FSI value in the high level influent T-P concentration appeared lower than the opposite influent condition relatively because it is formed simultaneously Al-hydroxide complexes as solid type and Al-phosphorus complexes as soluble type. Thus, relation of FSI by PDA technique and T-P removal of final effluent on pilot plant of P-CAP system are very limited for the kind of coagulant and the characteristics of influent. And it though that FSI value by PDA technique with analyzing of turbidity in Flocculation Tank will be used restrictedly on field as the relative field-index.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.207-210
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• 1990

Paper chromatography and (NH4)2SO4 precipitation method were used for refinement and separation of proteins Color reaction was tested by Biuret test, Million test, Xanthoprotein test, and Ninhydrin test. Precipitation reaction and coagulation of proteins were tested by heating method (Ethanol, HNO3).

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2006

A charged droplet scrubber was introduced to remove visible smokes generated in many industrial facilities. Lab-scale and field tests were conducted in this study. The system consists of a corona discharger to effectively charge the fine particles, fellowed by an electrostatic chamber to promote coagulation between charged fine particles and oppositely charged droplets and a demister to remove resultant particles. Overall collection efficiency, 98.4% was obtained from a lab-scale test, when a high voltage was applied to an ionizer and a charged droplet scrubber. Field tests also show the high collection efficiencies, 93.5% with one stage and 99.4% with two stage system. This system can be used to increase the collection efficiency of the conventional air pollution control devices to satisfy the national emission standard.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2004

For the detection of heated milk, heated milk is possible to decide by use of various methods for example, rennet coagulation, scanning electron microscope, determination of SH radical, electrophoresis, spectrometry to 340nm. Among the above method, rennet coagulation time is frequently used because of simple and rapid. Heated milk to above 70 degree is possible to detect by use of rennet coagulation time. In future, it should more develope method which can be detect the heated milk on thermization of around 55 degree. It may be deviate the normal range by one test item in the detection of adulteration. For this case, skimming, water and salts addition can detect but in normal range, analysis of another items also should synthetically be side by side and detect, and it is necessary to detect adulteration.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.247-255
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• 1989

We report a case of polycythemia vera combined with coagulation disorder. The patient was 54 years old man who complained of continuous bleeding after incision of skin abscess 20days ago. Laboratory tests were revealed prolonged aPTT and slightly prolonged PT. Coagulation factor, I, VIII, IX, XI and fibrinogen decreased, however FDP did not increased. It appears that patient with polycythemia vera have chronic activation of coagulation system, probably initiated by activation of factor XII. Platelet aggregation test to ADP, collagen, epinephrine was also revealed poor response.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.337-340
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• 2014

An 11-year-old male Maltese dog was presented with sudden onset of convulsion and right sided circling. On neurological examination, left side proprioception and menace reflexes were delayed. Blood examinations indicated severe thrombocytopenia and increased hepatic enzymes. On brain magnetic resonance imaging, lesions were founded on the left lateral subarachnoid space area. Those lesions showed hyperintense on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images and hyperintense on fluid attenuated inversion recovery images. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed xanthochromia and erythrophagocytosis. Coagulation test results demonstrated that fibrin degradation product and D-dimer concentrations were higher than normal range. The patient expired few hours after presentation. This case report demonstrates intracranial hemorrhage with disseminated intravascular coagulation in a dog.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.531-538
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• 2007

The effects of temperature, coagulants and pre-chlorination on the removal of turbidity and pathogenic protozoa by coagulation process were investigated using jar test of lab scale. In room temperature ($25^{\circ}C$), protozoa were removed over 1.0log at the proper concentration range of coagulants, and up to over 2log at the optimal concentration of coagulants. Considering the 1.5log target removal for Giardiain the processes of coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration, this results implies that the target could be satisfied. However, the removal of protozoa and turbidity was reduced, and optimal PAC concentration was narrowed in low turbidity and cold temperature ($5^{\circ}C$). These results suggest that the drop of coagulation efficiency may be occurred in winter if the conditions are not optimized. Despite the effect of water temperature, the relation of turbidity and protozoa removal appeared to be good. The various kinds of coagulants did not significantly affected for removals of turbidity and protozoa when the concentrations of $Al_2O_3$ were considered. Prechlorination did not increase or decrease the removal of turbidity and protozoa in optimum condition at room temperature, pH 7, 15mg/L of PAC concentration.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.267-274
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• 2008

This study is about efficiency of pretreatment process and operating factor to membrane process at continuous coagulation/ultrafiltration process in water treatment. The capacity of pilot plant was $0.06{\beta}(C)/d$. The raw water used was from Nakdong stream which was characteristized by high organic matter and high turbidity. The result of the test was that coagulation is good process as to high removal rate to organic matter and turbidity but It caused problem to membrane pore blocking. This paper is to determine the membrane fouling potential under different membrane flux, backwash pressure and linear velocity. Backwash pressure and flux is important parameter on operation of membrane system. Those are directly affected on membrane system. When backwash pressure increased from 150 kPa to 200 kPa, the result showed that fouling (pressure increase rate) changed from 3.69 kPa/h to 0.93 kPa/h and the recovery rate changed from 90.7 % to 82.0 %. Linear velocity had slightly effect on fouling. Linear velocity increased from 0.2 m/s to 0.5 m/s, the corresponding pressure rate changed from 0.93 kPa/d to 0.77 kPa/d.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.537-548
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• 2010

Recently the Government has announced updated water quality standards for wastewater treatment effluent (become effective in 2012). That includes highly enforced regulations for T-P, BOD and COD, and a large budget, in particular for phosphorus removal, was set by the Ministry of environment. Chemical coagulation destabilizes colloidal particles so that particles grow to larger flocs, and solid particles are removed by solid-liquid separation. The efficiency of chemical coagulation depends on a various factors, including coagulant types and costs, construction and operation costs for the treatment facilities and so on. The proper selection should be based on the treatment efficiency of coagulants and underlying costs. The current research was to evaluate the treatment efficiencies of coagulants on a variety of wastewater influents and to develop saturation curves for several water quality parameters. Typical $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ and $FeCl_3$ were tested under a range of coagulant concentrations. The pollutant removal efficiencies of chemical treatment both for the $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ and $FeCl_3$ were especially high for T-P, followed by SS, BOD and COD. Correlation test also proved the highest relationship between SS and T-P.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.156-160
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• 2007

We evaluated the newly developed plastic sodium citrate tubes for routine coagulation test by direct comparison with glass citrate theophylline adenosine dipyridamole (CTAD) tubes. Blood was drawn from 100 patients into glass CTAD tubes and plastic sodium citrate tubes. After collection, samples were centrifuged at 1500 ${\times}$g for 15 min at $22^{\circ}C$. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen were measured by using the Coagrex-800 (IRC, Japan). We used comparison plot by linear regression model and difference plot graphs to compare the results of the independent measurements of PT, aPTT, fibrinogen between glass CTAD tubes and plastic sodium citrate tubes. On the comparison study between glass CTAD tubes and plastic sodium citrate tubes, the correlation coefficients (R) were 0.99 for PT, 0.97 for aPTT and 0.97 for fibrinogen. This results implicated good correlation of each parameter between two tubes. Although the difference plot graph analysis showed statistically significant differences between glass and plastic tubes for PT, aPTT and fibrinogen, the range of difference was acceptable according to the CLSI/NCCLS guideline. The plastic sodium citrate tubes showed good correlation with the glass CTAD tubes, so it can substitute glass citrate tube for routine coagulation tests.