• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2016

Objective: This study was conducted to compare the effects of static culture, dynamic culture, and the combination of dynamic culture with specialized surfaces involving co-culture on human embryonic development. Embryos cultured using conventional static culture (SC) techniques served as a control group. We compared dynamic culture using micro-vibration culture (MVC) and micro-vibration with co-culture (MCoC), in which autologous cumulus cells were used as a specialized surface. Methods: We conducted a chart review of patients who were treated between January 2011 and November 2014 in order to compare embryonic development rates and pregnancy rates among the groups. Zygotes were cultured in micro-droplets, and embryos were subsequently selected for transfer. Some surplus embryos were cryopreserved, and the others were cultured for blastocyst development. A micro-vibrator was set at the frequency of 42 Hz for duration of 5 seconds per 60 minutes to facilitate embryo development. Results: No significant differences among the groups were present in patient's characteristics. However, the clinical pregnancy rates were significantly higher in the MVC group and the MCoC group than in the SC group. No significant differences were found in the blastocyst development rate between the SC group and the MVC group, but the blastocyst development rate in the MCoC group was significantly higher than in the SC and MVC groups. Conclusion: The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly increased by the application of micro-vibration to the embryonic cultures of poor responders. The blastocyst development rate was significantly increased by the application of MCoC to surplus embryos.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Several studies have investigated the various effects of dexamethasone (Dex) on the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Previously, we reported that co-treatment with L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 maintained differentiation potential in MSCs through expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). In this study, we investigated the effects of co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex on the proliferation and differentiation potential of MSCs during a 2-month culture period. Co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex increased approximately a 4.7-fold higher accumulation rate of MSC numbers than that by FGF-2 single treatment during a 2-month culture period. Interestingly, co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex increased expression of HGF and maintained adipogenic differentiation potential during this culture period. These results suggest that co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex preserves the proliferation and differentiation potential during long-term culture.

• Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.214-220
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• 2019

Although canine brucellosis has been known to be an important re-emerging zoonosis, the pathophysiological mechanisms of Brucella canis infection remains clues to be solved. Different culture models, single and co-culture models, were constructed with canine epithelial cells, D17 and macrophage, DH82 to investigate the induction of immune responses in in vivo B. canis infection. Expression of genes related with induction of immune responses, Th1, Th2 and Th17, was compared in the two different models after the bacterial infection. In this study, expression of cytokine genes, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-23, and TNF-α was quantified in the DH82 at different time points using RT-qPCR in the two different culture systems after the infection. Cytokine genes related with Th1, IL-1β and TNF-α and Th17, IL-6 and IL-23 were expressed with time-dependent manners in the both systems (p<0.05). However, increase of Th2-related cytokine genes expression was not detectable in the both systems by comparison with control. The expression of Th1 and Th17 related cytokine genes was earlier in single cell culture than those in co-culture model (p<0.05). In general, amounts of the expressed genes were shown higher in single cell model than those in co-culture models. This study indicate that Th1 and Th17-associated immune responses are central to B. canis infection in dogs. In addition, it suggests a specific role of epithelial cells in the B. canis infection in vivo, which should resolved in the further study.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1993

본 연구는 제외생산된 돼지 수정란의 처1외발생율을 제고하기 위하여 각종 배양액파 돼지난구세포 혹은 생 쥐태아간세포와의 공동배양 효과플 조사하였다 m-KRB, BECM 및 TCM-HEPES 배양액을 공시하 여 제외수정란을 배양한 결과 배반포기까지 발달하는 비율은 전처리구에서 0~1.0%로써 극히 저조하였다. 특히 대부분의 수정란은 4-세포기 단계에서 발달이 정지되었다. 한편, 단층세포가 유도된 돼지 난구세포나 생쥐 태아간세포와 함께 제외수정란을 공동배양한 결파 2, 4-, 8~16-, 32-세포기, 상실배가 빛 배반포로 받달하는 비율은 각각 61.1~67.0%, 59.0~58.0%, 42.5~43.1%, 28.4~30.2% 및 20.4~21.0%였다 이러한 결파는 단순배양액에서 체외배양한 수정란의 발탄 성적 보다유의하게 높은 것이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 1세포기 수정란을 체외에서 배양할때 체세포와의 공동배양은 수정란의 체외발달을 촉진하는 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.387-400
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• 2023

Ruminal protozoa, especially entodiniomorphs, engulf other members of the rumen microbiome in large numbers; and they release oligopeptides and amino acids, which can be fermented to ammonia and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) by amino acid-fermenting bacteria (AAFB). Studies using defaunated (protozoa-free) sheep have demonstrated that ruminal protozoa considerably increase intraruminal nitrogen recycling but decrease nitrogen utilization efficiency in ruminants. However, direct interactions between ruminal protozoa and AAFB have not been demonstrated because of their inability to establish axenic cultures of any ruminal protozoan. Thus, this study was performed to evaluate the interaction between Entodinium caudatum, which is the most predominant rumen ciliate species, and an AAFB consortium in terms of feed degradation and ammonia production along with the microbial population shift of select bacterial species (Prevotella ruminicola, Clostridium aminophilum, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius). From an Ent. caudatum culture that had been maintained by daily feeding and transfers every 3 or 4 days, the bacteria and methanogens loosely associated with Ent. caudatum cells were removed by filtration and washing. An AAFB consortium was established by repeated transfers and enrichment with casamino acids as the sole substrate. The cultures of Ent. caudatum alone (Ec) and AAFB alone (AAFB) and the co-culture of Ent. caudatum and AAFB (Ec + AAFB) were set up in three replicates and incubated at 39℃ for 72 h. The digestibility of dry matter (DM) and fiber (NDF), VFA profiles, ammonia concentrations, pH, and microscopic counts of Ent. caudatum were compared among the three cultures. The co-culture of AAFB and Ent. caudatum enhanced DM degradation, VFA production, and Ent. caudatum cell counts; conversely, it decreased acetate: propionate ratio although the total bacterial abundance was similar between Ec and the Ec + AAFB co-culture after 24 h incubation. The ammonia production and relative abundance of C. aminophilum and P. anaerobius did not differ between AAFB alone and the Ec + AAFB co-culture. Our results indicate that Ent. caudatum and AAFB could have a mutualistic interaction that benefited each other, but their interactions were complex and might not increase ammoniagenesis. Further research should examine how such interactions affect the population dynamics of AAFB.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.98-104
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• 1989

Successful techniques of in vitro fertilization(IVF) are valuable for studying the process of fertilization and for developing economical procedures for gene and nuclear transfer in farm animals. To date, bovine IVF system has been developed with oocytes in vitro or vitro, but the resulting zygotes exhibit limited embryonic development after in vitro culture. Even though in vitro matured oocytes achieved high fertilization and cleavage rates, these embryos appear extremly low rate of pregnancies when transferred to synchronized recipients. Development of early bovine embryos in vitro is generally arrested at the 8-to 16-cell stage. However, recent use of somatic cells such as trophoblastic vesicle, granulosa and oviduct epithelial cell for co-culture with early bovine embryos has proven effective for development of embryos, matured and fertilized in vitro, past the in vitro cell blocks. These factors clearly indicate the value of the co-culture system in promoting development of bovine oocytes matured and fertilized in vitro to morula or blastocyst stage in vitro. In addition, co-culture system may beome a tool for evaluation of viability of ova that have been manipulated by procedures such as splitting, microinjection and nuclear transfer.

• 생약학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.346-353
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• 2014

This study was performed to investigate the effects of cell-wall broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum on the lipid accumulation and body weight reduction in C57BL/6J mice. Six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 5 groups and assigned to one of these groups; normal chew diet(Nor) group, high-fat diet(HFD) group, HFD plus spores of Ganoderma lucidum 800 mg/kg/day (HFD + GS/B) group, HFD plus cell-wall broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum 400 mg/kg/day (HFD + BGS/A) group and finally HFD plus cell-wall broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum 800mg/kg/day (HFD + BGS/B). The experimental groups which were treated oral co-administration with cell-wall broken(or original) spores of Ganoderma lucidum and HFD significantly attenuated accumulative body weight gain, compared with HFD group. Administration of these experimental materials also resulted in significant reduction not only the serum levels of total cholesterol, homocysteine but also the lipid accumulation in liver tissue. But in the almost of results the cell-wall broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum were evaluated superior than the original one. These results indicate that cell-wall broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum may inhibit the lipid accumulation in blood as well as liver tissue. Therefore it may be a valuable candidate for the therapy preventing obese induced hyperlipidemic symptoms.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.407-420
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• 2015

본 연구는 연구개발 직군의 실행공동체 영향요인이 공동체 활동 만족도와 조직 내 학습문화 활성화에 미치는 관계를 분석하고, 실행공동체의 성숙도에 따른 성숙 집단과 미성숙 집단의 비교를 통해 기업의 실행공동체 담당자들에게 연구개발 직군의 실행공동체 활성화를 위한 시사점을 제시하고자 했다. 이를 위해 선행연구를 토대로 실행공동체 영향요인을 개인요인, 상호작용요인, 지원요인, 환경요인으로 구성하고, 수집된 총 371개의 설문을 기반으로 분석을 실시했다. 연구결과 연구 개발 직군의 실행공동체 활동에 있어 개인요인, 상호작용요인, 지원요인은 만족도에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으나 환경요인은 크게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 실행공동체 만족도가 높을수록 학습문화 활성화에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 연구개발 직군의 실행공동체 활동 강화가 조직문화 개선에 도움을 줄 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 연구개발 직군의 경우 성숙도에 따른 집단차이가 크게 나타나지 않아 성숙도 보다는 실행공동체 내 상호작용 요인을 강화하는 것이 더욱 중요하다는 사실을 알 수 있다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2013

This study examined the motility of either the unattached(upper) or attached(lower) Hanwoo sperm to bovine oviduct epithelial cell(BOEC) monolayers to determine whether there are any changes in their motility during co-culture. The cleavage and blastocyst development rate were compared among different preincubation methods in-vitro, after oocytes were fertilized in-vitro with Hanwoo sperm on BOEC monolayers. The motility of frozen-thawed sperm in BOEC co-culture group was significantly higher than controls, especially at 5 hours and 6 hours (p<0.05) of incubation, in sperm treatment medium without heparin and caffeine. The motility of frozen-thawed sperm in BOEC co-culture group was significantly higher than controls, especially at 3 hours (p<0.05) and 6 hours (p<0.01), in sperm treatment medium containing heparin and caffeine. The motility of the attached( lower) sperm was significantly higher than the unattached(upper) sperm during co-culture with BOEC at all times(p<0.01 or p<0.05), except for 6 hours. After Hanwoo oocytes were fertilized in-vitro with the sperm that had been co-cultured with BOEC in sperm treatment medium containing heparin and caffeine, we determined the cleavage and blastocyst development rate, according to the preincubation methods. Both the cleavage and blastocyst development rate from 2 hour preincubation group were the highest, but significant difference was not recognized. These results show that BOEC plays an important role on sperm hyperactivation related to capacitation regardless of heparin and caffeine in sperm treatment medium. However, oviduct epithelial cell had no significant effect on the development of embryos after in-vitro fertilization in the presence of added heparin and caffeine in sperm treatment medium.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.414-419
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• 2007

Botryococcus braunii is a green colonial fresh water microalga and it is recognized as one of the renewable resources for production of liquid hydrocarbons. CFTRI-Bb-l and CFTRI-Bb-2 have been reported for the first time and their performance with regard to growth and biochemical profile is presented here. The present study focused on effect of carbon dioxide $(CO_2)$ on biomass, hydrocarbon, carbohydrate production, fatty acid profile, and carotenoid content in various species of B. braunii (LB-572, SAG 30.81, MCRC-Bb, N-836, CFTRI-Bb-l, and CFTRI-Bb-2) at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% (v/v) levels using a two-tier flask. $CO_2$ at 2.0% (v/v) level enhanced growth of the organism, and a two-fold increase in biomass and carotenoid contents was observed in all the B. braunii strains studied compared with control culture (without $CO_2$ supplementation). At 1 % and 2% (v/v) $CO_2$ concentrations, palmitic acid and oleic acid levels increased by 2.5 to 3 folds in one of the strains of B. braunii (LB-572). Hydrocarbon content was found to be above 20% at 2% $CO_2$ level in the B. braunii LB-572, CFTRI-Bb-2, CFTRI-Bb-l, and N-836 strains, whereas it was less than 20% in the SAG 30.81 and MCRC-Bb strains compared with control culture. This culture methodology will provide information on $CO_2$ requirement for growth of algae and metabolite production. B. braunii spp. can be grown at the tested levels of $CO_2$ concentration without much influence on culture pH.