• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.29-40
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• 2010

Purpose: We investigated the motivation of selecting major, the satisfaction of major and the view on occupation of emergency medical technology (EMT) students. The results of study will be used to increase the satisfaction of major of university students. Also, it can be used to support decision of major for high school students. Method: We conducted 1,586 surveys from 665 students at six four-year colleges and 921 students at seven three-year colleges. Our research period was from Aug. 27th to Oct. 31st in 2010. The surveys were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 using description statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe and Pearson correlation coefficient. Result: In our study, the motivation of selecting major is 35.8% of students selected 'good employment prospects', satisfaction of major's $M{\pm}SD$ is $3.15{\pm}.486$, adaptation of major's $M{\pm}SD$ is $3.11{\pm}.472$. The satisfaction of major show difference (t = 4.548 p = .000) by sex, also the adaptation of major show difference (t = 2.279, p = .023) by sex. The satisfaction of major show first grade students higher (F = 3.605, p = .013) than fourth grade students at four-year colleges. If satisfaction of major is high, accumulation evaluation score is high (F = 3.276, p = .011), too. Clinical practice experienced students was higher (t = -2.878, p = .004) than non experienced it satisfaction. In view of occupation, ideal job's factors and actual job's factors a lot of students selected 'aptitude'. Also, there is a statistically significant correlation (r = .618, p = .000) between the satisfaction of major and the adaptation of major. High satisfaction indicates high adaptation of major. Conclusion: In our study satisfaction of major and adaptation of major was very high score. EMT students concern about employment prospects at most. It is inferred that they select job which match with one's aptitude. We can suppose that students select major as a tool for employment by seeing result that a lot of students consider employment prospects at most when they select major. A method to improve the satisfaction and adaptation of major should be developed by realizing problems which occur the dissatisfaction of major. Also, there as on why students conflict between ideal and actual job should be revealed. There as on seems students want stable occupation in unstable job market situation. Therefore, the expansion of job matching aptitude and being stable should be processed. Finally, university should actively support the method that help to finding jobs for student by identifying job preparation of students.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.359-364
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• 2012

Objective : Transpedicular screw fixation has some disadvantages such as postoperative back pain through wide muscle dissection, long operative time, and cephalad adjacent segmental degeneration (ASD). The purposes of this study are investigation and comparison of radiological and clinical results between interspinous fusion device (IFD) and pedicle screw. Methods : From Jan. 2008 to Aug. 2009, 40 patients underwent spinal fusion with IFD combined with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). In same study period, 36 patients underwent spinal fusion with pedicle screw fixation as control group. Dynamic lateral radiographs, visual analogue scale (VAS), and Korean version of the Oswestry disability index (K-ODI) scores were evaluated in both groups. Results : The lumbar spine diseases in the IFD group were as followings; spinal stenosis in 26, degenerative spondylolisthesis in 12, and intervertebral disc herniation in 2. The mean follow up period was 14.24 months (range; 12 to 22 months) in the IFD group and 18.3 months (range; 12 to 28 months) in pedicle screw group. The mean VAS scores was preoperatively $7.16{\pm}2.1$ and $8.03{\pm}2.3$ in the IFD and pedicle screw groups, respectively, and improved postoperatively to $1.3{\pm}2.9$ and $1.2{\pm}3.2$ in 1-year follow ups (p<0.05). The K-ODI was decreased significantly in an equal amount in both groups one year postoperatively (p<0.05). The statistics revealed a higher incidence of ASD in pedicle screw group than the IFD group (p=0.029) Conclusion : Posterior IFD has several advantages over the pedicle screw fixation in terms of skin incision, muscle dissection and short operative time and less intraoperative estimated blood loss. The IFD with PLIF may be a favorable technique to replace the pedicle screw fixation in selective case.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.489-498
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of internal marketing and customer orientation on the organizational commitment of nurses in specialized hospitals. This research was conducted from May 1 to 30, 2015 and involved 149 nurses at 5 specialized hospitals in Busan, The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation coefficients, stepwise multiple regression by the SPSS WIN 18.0 program. As a result, there were significant differences in the organizational commitment according to age, marital status, education, clinical experience, position, work shift, working unit, number of beds, and experience of participation for employee satisfaction survey. Organizational commitment was positively related to the internal marketing. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the organizational commitment and customer orientation. Meaningful variables that influenced the organizational commitment were internal marketing, working unit, education, and position. The total explanation power was 58.5% and the internal marketing was the most influential factor. In conclusion, to enhance the organizational commitment of nurses working in specialized hospitals, educational opportunities need to be provided to increase the professionalism of nurses, and efforts will be needed to improve the working environment and develop internal marketing strategies, such as regular satisfaction surveys.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.163-168
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• 2018

Objectives: Due to their developmental characteristics, adolescents have a higher probability than other age groups of experiencing injuries caused by accidents, violence, and intentional self-harm. The severity and characteristics of injuries vary by the intentionality and mechanism of injury; therefore, there is a need for a national-level estimate of the scale and the severity of injuries in adolescents that takes these factors into account. Methods: By using data from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance Data, National Emergency Department Information System, the Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey, and cause of death statistics, we calculated the emergency department (ED) visit rate, hospitalization rate, and death rate of injuries per 100 000 adolescents for each injury mechanism. The calculated rates were used to generate the injury pyramid ratio (ratio of death rate to hospitalization rate to ED visit rate) to visualize the scale and the severity of the injury. Results: The mortality rate in adolescents due to injury was 10/100 000; the corresponding rates for hospitalization and ED visits were 1623 and 4923, respectively, resulting in an injury pyramid ratio with the general pyramid form, with a 1:162:492 ratio of deaths to hospitalizations to ED visits. The mortality rate due to suicide/intentional self-harm was 5/100 000, while 35 were hospitalized for this reason and 74 made ED visits. The pyramid ratio of 1:7:15 for intentional self-harm/suicide showed a steep pyramidal form, indicating considerable lethality. The mortality rate due to motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) was 3/100 000; 586 were hospitalized for this reason, while 1023 made ED visits. The pyramid ratio of 1:195:341 for MVCs showed a gradual pyramid form, indicating that the lethality was low and the scale of injury was high. Conclusions: The main categories of injuries in adolescents were visualized in pyramid form, contributing to an understanding of the scale of each injury by mechanism in terms of levels of death, hospitalization, and ED visits. These findings will be helpful for understanding how to prioritize injuries in adolescents.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.54-65
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• 2020

This randomized pre-post-controlled experimental study determined the effect on patients' anxiety, stress, systolic blood pressure, heart rate and Bis index when the Healing Beats program is applied after epidural blockage. The subjects were selected from the patients who visited the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain for the treatment of epidural blockage and volunteered through the recruitment announcement. A total of 74 sets of data were collected and analyzed with 25 subjects in the experimental group, 24 in the placebo group, and 25 in the control group. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, x2-tests, F-tests and repeated measures of ANOVA. As a result of the study, the general characteristics and variables of the experimental group, placebo group, and control group were all the same, and anxiety was measured twice before and after the study. There were significant differences between groups (F=27.175, p<.001), and stress (F=4.78, p<.001), heart rate (F=4.22, p<.001) and the Bis index (F=7.96, p<.001) were analyzed by variance according to population and time. There was a significant difference. However, there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure (F=1.23, p=.298). In conclusion, the Healing Beats program can be used as an effective and effective intervention for sedation in clinical situations or stressful situations.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.57-77
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• 2010

Objective : This study reviews the recent trend of oriental medical prescription research. The data examined are the articles published in the Korean Journal of Oriental Medical Prescription from 1990 to 2009. Method : The data are retrieved through the internet database Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS) and the collection of the Korean Journal of Oriental Medical Prescription. The number of articles examined is 385, published in 25 volumes of the journal. This study examines the nature of the articles, research methods, subjects, and author information. Research subjects are sorted out by the OASIS key words for the articles published before 1999, and by key word indexes cited in the abstracts for the articles published sinceafter. Results : Among the 385 articles collected, 206 are research articles, 143 philological articles, 35 case studies, and 1 special contribution. A majority of research articles are experimental studies (199 articles or 96.6%), while clinical reports (5 articles or 2.43%), and others studies (2 articles) occupy a small portion. Most of experimental studies (183 articles or 91%) examine the effectiveness of certain prescriptions or treatments. Among the effectiveness studies, 114 articles (62.3%) employ in vivo experiment design, 52 articles (28.42%) in vitro experiments, and 17 articles (9.29%) both in vivo and in vitro experiments. In terms of research subject, the most frequently indexed key words are hepatotoxicity among diseases (9 articles), Bojungikgitang (Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang) among prescriptions (10 articles), Buja (Acontii Tuber) among meteria medica (4 articles), immunity and anti-oxidation among efficacy terminology (6 articles each), and Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑) among references in the key words (25 articles). Universities are the main affiliation of authors (76.42%), followed by university hospitals (6.71%), non-academic research institutes (5.55%), local clinics (4.67), academic research institutes (2.81%), hospitals (2.38%), and others (1.44%). The most affiliated institute of the first and correspondent authors is Wonkwang University. In terms of authorship, co-authorship outnumbers sole-authorship by 82.08% to 17.92%. The proportion of authors of a single article is 63.54% which is near the author productivity distribution described by Lotka's law.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.279-289
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to define the implications for improving the performance confidence of nursing students. The study was conducted by surveying a target sample of nursing students. The following data were collected: students' knowledge regarding patient safety, performance confidence, and nursing professional value. The subjects were 309 junior and senior students in the department of nursing science in K University located in G and K province. The data was collected from October 15, 2017 to November 15, 2017. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 23.0K using descriptive statistics, t-test, One-Way ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The study results were that the senior students showed a significantly higher level of knowledge about patient safety than did the junior students (t=3.69, p<.001). With the exceptions of two attributes, education regarding the patient safety and nursing professional value, all other characteristics were variables to a significant difference in performance confidence (p<.05). Moreover, all characteristics except for the school year were variables to a significant difference in nursing professional value (p<.05). A weak correlation was shown between the knowledge regarding patient safety and performance confidence (r=.148, p<.001). A moderate correlation was shown between nursing professional value and performance confidence (r=.456, p<.001). Reinforced education regarding patient safety is recommended to improve the nursing students' performance confidence for clinical practice.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.356-365
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• 2015

This study is the descriptive research intended for identifying the reciprocal relationship between the knowledge of nursing and performance of pressure ulcer prevention that registered nurses at the aged care hospital possess. A total of 317 nurses who had been working at the aged care hospital for 4 months from March 1 2014 to June 1 2014 were chosen as research group. The data were collected by means of self-reported questionnaire and data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The knowledge of nursing on pressure ulcer depending on general characteristics of research group had the significant difference in each item of clinical experience, education program, education time and education frequency(p<.05), In the performance of pressure ulcer prevention only the education frequency among various general characteristics showed significant differences(p=.40). The knowledge of nursing related to pressure ulcer had the low negative correlation with the performance of nursing(rho=-.137, p<.05). Among the factors disturbing nursing performance of pressure ulcer prevention the shortage of nursing staff appeared to be 57.7%. From the result of this study it was revealed that both increasing the education frequency of preventive nursing and managerial consideration concerning the shortage of nursing staff were needed more rather than the knowledgement of preventive nursing to improve the nursing performance of pressure ulcer prevention.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.52-57
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• 2012

Objective: During IVF, non-transferred embryos are usually selected for cryopreservation on the basis of morphological criteria. This investigation evaluated an application for array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) in assessment of surplus embryos prior to cryopreservation. Methods: First-time IVF patients undergoing elective single embryo transfer and having at least one extra non-transferred embryo suitable for cryopreservation were offered enrollment in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups: Patients in group A (n=55) had embryos assessed first by morphology and then by aCGH, performed on cells obtained from trophectoderm biopsy on post-fertilization d5. Only euploid embryos were designated for cryopreservation. Patients in group B (n=48) had embryos assessed by morphology alone, with only good morphology embryos considered suitable for cryopreservation. Results: Among biopsied embryos in group A (n=425), euploidy was confirmed in 226 (53.1%). After fresh single embryo transfer, 64 (28.3%) surplus euploid embryos were cryopreserved for 51 patients (92.7%). In group B, 389 good morphology blastocysts were identified and a single top quality blastocyst was selected for fresh transfer. All group B patients (48/48) had at least one blastocyst remaining for cryopreservation. A total of 157 (40.4%) blastocysts were frozen in this group, a significantly larger proportion than was cryopreserved in group A (p=0.017, by chi-squared analysis). Conclusion: While aCGH and subsequent frozen embryo transfer are currently used to screen embryos, this is the first investigation to quantify the impact of aCGH specifically on embryo cryopreservation. Incorporation of aCGH screening significantly reduced the total number of cryopreserved blastocysts compared to when suitability for freezing was determined by morphology only. IVF patients should be counseled that the benefits of aCGH screening will likely come at the cost of sharply limiting the number of surplus embryos available for cryopreservation.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2001

Background and method : The Cervi cornu parvum for children patients have been widely used nowadays: however, there have been no reports about the children patients' conditions and the parents' responses. To investigate these things, the questionnaires were used for the children patients(the ages between 0 and 15) who took the herbal medication combined with Cervix cornu parvum and their parents from January 1, 2000 to June 31 at the Dong-seo oriental Hospital. The chief complaints such as common cold, dyspepsia of using Cervi cornu parvum were divided into five categories and the changes were observed, scoring each stages. Besides, the quantity of taking herbal medication combined with Cervix cornu parvum, the expectancy, the satisfaction, the continual favor were included in the questionnaires. The result : 1. The trackable sample was 53: male infants 34(64.2%), female infants 19(35.8%). There is no differences between genders in the treating results. The treating results were increased after taking herbal medication combined with Cervi cornu parvum 2. When age is grouped by three categories(0-1, 2-6, 7-14 ages), the statistics shows that the treating results have no differences between each group(P>0.05) Regardless of the ages, the treats have correlated.(P<0.05) 3. When each symptoms made treated one case are analyzed, there have been correlations between the taking herbal medication combined with Cervi cornu parvum and recovery.(P<0.05) 4. The treating result have not affected by the expectancy.(P>0.05) Each group(good, moderate, poor) showed the recovery after the treatment.(P<0.05) 5. When the satisfaction divided into three groups(good, moderate, poor) there existed differences between groups.(P<0.05) Especially, the group with high expectancy increased the treatment. 6. About the recognition of herbal medication combined with Cervi cornu parvum is like this: the health refreshment, ordinary taking whenever turning-point of seasons comes, treatment, disbelieving the overdose of herbal medication combined with Cervi cornu parvum, disbelief about the security of the medicine such as fake medicine, mad cow diseases, the imported medicine, ignorance about the way of taking the medicine.