• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.269-274
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• 2004

As next generation display, TFT LCD gets into the spotlight, and the bigger glass size is required. Currently, its display size is 1500 mm by 1870 mm at the six generation comparing with 300mm by 400 mm at the first one and the size is increasing continuously, which cause the difficulties to apply the cleaning operation including the general brush cleaning. In this study, water-jet cleaning operation has been introduced, which spent the less water them other cleaning methods. Throughout the experiment, is has been found the possible damage of the declined cell and the variation of the tilt bias angle depending upon the increasing time. In addition, the simulation predicts the glass bending of the display.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.138-139
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the work of the existing manpower dependent cleaning method by investigating the window cleaning site. In this study, detailed work contents were confirmed by on-site investigation and interview with experts, and the relationship, procedure, repetition work, and time required for each work were analyzed. The future analysis results will be used as a basic data for comparative analysis of productivity and economical efficiency with the window cleaning device to be developed.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 2017

It takes lots of time and labor if a worker have to measure the water quality at a certain but designated time every day in an un-automated aqua farm. In addition, if the equipment is soaked in the sea water consistently, it will be contaminated by diverse floating matters and barnacles, and it often becomes mal-functional within 2~3 months. Therefore, we need to develop a system with which the sensed data could be checked in real time and operated automatically, while preventing the contamination of the sensor, a crucial component for water quality measuring equipment, as much as possible, and increasing the replacement cycle. We have developed a non-cleaning water quality measuring equipment and its software which are used in the fishery household of offshore aqua farms. By providing the workers with a mobile application which has a function of monitoring the water quality in real time, they can check the situation directly without going to the fishery household.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.474-484
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• 2018

The cleaning efficiency of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes inevitably fouled by organic foulants depends upon both chemical (type of cleaning agent, concentration of cleaning solution) and physical (cleaning time, flowrate, temperature) parameters. In attempting to determine the optimal procedures for chemical cleaning organic-fouled RO membranes, the design of experiments concept was employed to evaluate key factors and to predict the flux recovery rate (FRR) after chemical cleaning. From experimental results and based on the predicted FRR of cleaning obtained using the Central Composite Design of Minitab 17, a modified regression model equation was established to explain the chemical cleaning efficiency; the resultant regression coefficient ($R^2$) and adjusted $R^2$ were 83.95% and 76.82%, respectively. Then, using the optimized conditions of chemical cleaning derived from the response optimizer tool (cleaning with 0.68 wt% disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for 20 min at $20^{\circ}C$ with a flowrate of 409 mL/min), a flux recovery of 86.6% was expected. Overall, the results obtained by these experiments confirmed that the equation was adequate for predicting the chemical cleaning efficiency with regards to organic membrane fouling.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.942-952
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• 2014

Winter outerwear includes various clothes such as classical jackets/coats, padded jackets/coats, wind breakers, leather and fur jackets/coats. This research surveyed care-label instructions attached to 100 jackets/coats dropped off at five drycleaners in the Gyungin area. University students' perception and attitudes towards care labels and management of winter outerwear were examined using a questionnaire. Data collected from 230 respondents were analyzed by frequency analyses, t-tests, ANOVAs and Duncan tests with PASW 20.0. Half of the padding jackets/coats were labelled to be dry cleaned and dry cleaning was more excessively labelled than necessary. University students confirmed more care symbols than fiber compositions such as more at time of cleaning than at purchasing. Clothing-related major students understood care label symbols better than non-clothing major students. Consumers laundered some winter outerwear at home, even though they thought dry cleaning was a proper cleaning method. The appropriate cleaning method for padded jackets/coats is laundering; however, consumers who answered dry cleaning as an appropriate method were three times as those who answered washing, and those performed dry cleaning were two times as those who performed washing. Winter outerwear manufacturers should provide adequate and more specified care-information to consumers in order to maintain initial appearance and performance over longer periods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.643-651
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• 2013

This study applied a laser cleaning method (dry cleaning) that is used for cleaning semiconductor elements to dental implant cleaning. The lasers used in this study were pulsed fiber lasers with wavelengths of 1,064 and 532 nm. The peak output, energy per pulse, energy density per pulse, time of pulse experiment, and number of pulse experiments served as process variables for this study, and the variables were changed for each experiment. As a result, a laser with a wavelength of 532 nm showed much higher cleaning efficiency than its 1,064 nm counterpart. As the wavelength range decreased, the quantized energy increased and the reflection rate of the titanium used for the implant decreased; consequently, the energy absorption rate increased. Therefore, it is proposed that the energy density by wavelength has a greater influence on cleaning than does the output size.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.21.1-21.11
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the bonding effects of cleaning protocols on dentin impregnated with endodontic sealer residues using ethanol (E) or xylol (X). The effects of dentin acid etching immediately (I) or 7 days (P) after cleaning were also evaluated. For bonding to dentin, universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal; 3M ESPE) was used. The persistence of sealer residues, hybrid layer formation and microshear bond strength were the performed analysis. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty bovine dentin specimens were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10): G1 (E+I); G2 (X+I); G3 (E+P); and G4 (X+P). The persistence of sealer residues was evaluated by SEM. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images were taken to measure the formed hybrid layer using the Image J program. For microshear bond strength, 4 resin composite cylinders were placed over the dentin after the cleaning protocols. ANOVA followed by Tukey test and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn test were used for parametric and non-parametric data, respectively (α = 5%). Results: G2 and G4 groups showed a lower persistence of residues (p < 0.05) and thicker hybrid layer than the other groups (p < 0.05). No bond strength differences among all groups were observed (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Dentin cleaning using xylol, regardless of the time-point of acid etching, provided lower persistence of residues over the surface and thicker hybrid layer. However, the bond strength of the universal adhesive system in etch-and-rinse strategy was not influenced by the cleaning protocols or time-point of acid etching.

• Clean Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.225-242
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• 2001

Cleaning process is necessary for machining parts or manufacturing finished products in the industry. Most of domestic and foreign companies are now trying to adopt environment-friendly aqueous cleaning agents instead of CFC-113 and 1,1,1-TCE which are ozone-depleting substances. However, the aqueous cleaning system has a disadvantage due to its generation of lots of waste water since the system utilizes water in cleaning and rinsing processes. Thus, it is very important that monitoring and recycling technologies of the cleaning solution and the rinse water should be introduced in the aqueous cleaning system in order to minimize generation of waste water and to maintain its cleaning performance for a quite long time. In this paper, the cleaning agents utilized in the aqueous cleaning system and cutting oils which are main contaminants were examined and analyzed. And the monitoring and recycling technologies of the aqueous cleaning system which can be employed in the industrial fields were also reviewed and evaluated.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.533-541
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• 2005

Non-aqueous cleaning agents were formulated with 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFEA) and hydrofluoroether (HFE), and their physical properties and cleaning abilities were examined. TFEA-based aqueous cleaning agents were also formulated with nonionic surfactants, hydrotropes and builders, and their cleaning abilities were compared. Possibilities of these cleaning agents as substitutes for CFC-113 and 1,1,1-TCE were finally evaluated. In this work, fluxes, cutting oils, greases, and fluoric oils were selected as model contaminants for cleaning experiments. These contaminants have different properties of water-solubility or hydrophilicity, and fat-solubility or lypophilicity. Cleaning abilities of TFEA-based cleaning agents were analyzed and compared through the measurement of contaminant weight changes as a function of cleaning time, and their possibilities as alternative cleaning agents were evaluated. As a result, it was shown that TFEA and HFE-based non-aqueous cleaning agents have quite a good cleaning power for fluxes and fluorine soils but low one for greases. And TFEA-based agueous cleaning agents which consisted of nonionic surfactants, hydrotrope, and builders were very effective for cleaning fluxes and greases under certain formulation conditions. Thus, it was revealed that the TFEA-based cleaning agents were very effective for cleaning specific contaminants and can be used as substitutes for CFC-113 and 1,1,1-TCE in some industrial applications.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.372-376
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• 2015

The experiment was performed using the cleaning precipitator To investigate the absorption efficiency of the $SO_X/NO_X$ of the aqueous ammonia solution. Concentration of the cleaning liquid is 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% with increasing absorption efficiency has improved. However, the reaction shown only a difference in time. Absorption efficiency has improved in accordance with the gas residence time. When the direction of the same gas and the cleaning liquid is determined that there is the effect of increasing the residence time. The relative impact of $SO_X$ and $NO_X$ is this likely to react slower than $SO_X/NO_X$. The yield is determined to require adjustment of the cleaning dust collector according to the concentration of the next gas.