• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.68-81
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• 2016

This study suggests, based on analysis of current status, improvement plans for the local government's public mobile applications. Fist of all, this study selected analysis elements and established an analysis framework for public mobile applications. Then the study analyzed the applications developed by all local government and application management practices in Seoul-City. The status of public applications shows that there are no institutional guidelines and the practical use of the public application is low in relation to the invested costs. Additional problems are the imprudent development, non-reflection of demand, absence of systemic management. For the improvement plans, the study suggests understanding of exact demand, detailed examination of validity, offering of effective information and the utilization of double-way interaction application. The management side of the improvement plans addresses the preparing for public application ordinance, building proper management system, regular check, education and active promotion.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2000

This study aims at revealing important utilization planning by surveying and analyzing unused classrooms in primary school's facilities. That is various and positive utilization planning of unused classrooms in order to cope with the changes of educational environment focused on high and multi-functionization, rather qualitative aspect than quantitative. By field-survey and interview, physical and environmental factors such as, the change procedure of students, unused facilities in schools and improvement affairs and purpose stressed by schools were surveyed. Additionally, the way of educational facilities to future society linked with residents was examined by surveying about the relationship between educational facilities and regional communities. The curriculums and "School facilities standard ordinance" have been revised in part by several times individually and couldn't meet with educational facilities, educational and social change positively. In rural area, to apply the standard of the capacity by a class with 40 students like city is not desirable. To make educational environment better qualitatively, the capacity should be reduced by 30 students and the unit square per a student enlarged by $2.4m^2$. By room unit module "school institution and managerial regulations under high school" should be applied distinctively to break down like 6, 7~12, 13~24 and over 25 classes. So re-institution of the capacity by a class and the standard unit of the number of class by scale is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.25-38
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• 2003

The main problems of disordered and congested urban landscape are due to the lack of holistic management that can control various elements of forming a city. Especially, the color of urban landscape is problematic because it is related to individual and social characteristics as well as to physical characteristics. Therefore, temporary expedients that can solve only visualized problems can not be a proper solution for color problems of urban landscape. This study originated from the question about why the color of disordered and congested urban landscape has not been improved. This study aims at directly improving the urban environmental color by finding out what the actual problems related to color are, and what the solutions would be. The goal of this study is to find a holistic systematic problem-solving method. Problems of urban environmental color are identified from both literature review and questionnaires to the expert group, such as environmental planning, design group, and the landscape executive group. Through mapping of relationships among these problems, the intellectual map was made to layout the structures of problems. Based on this method, the structures of problems of urban environmental color were classified into 5 categories: 1) the items related to the administrative structure, 2) the items related to the color management goal and system, 3) the items related to the color planning and design phase, 4) the items related to the color consulting committee, and 5) the items related to the present state of color use. Thus, in order to solve the color problem in urban landscape, practical strategy is strongly required. It is not a temporary expedient but a holistic approach. The solution for the problems of urban environmental color could be divided into 6 types; ‘regulations amendment’,‘color standard amendment’,‘color management plan’,‘color education’, and ‘advertisement for the goal of color management’. Regulations amendment among these types was proposed as the most effective method due to the close relationship with problem categories. Thus, as the solution for the problems of urban environmental color, the ‘color management system’ was suggested. Detailed contents the suggested color management system were divided into three parts; 1) legislation by regulations, ordinance and acts, 2) management by controling the level of guidelines, and 3) the standards for execution of this system.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.323-335
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• 2005

The aim of this study is m inquire the features of preservation and utilization of traditional buildings landscape through the effort of civics and public institution. Kawagoe is 30km from Tokyo and keeps the history and culture of Edo period. The tourism feature of the Ichibangai area which has the traditional warehouse(Kurazukuri) landscape is that the rate of old tourists from nearby regions is high and the one day trip is majority. The most tourists have visited many times, but they have spent small sum of money. The tourism activation of Ichibangai area is the result of the cooperation and effort of public institution, civic organization, and civics. The public institutions have the institutional support system has established which is including the designation of cultural assets, ordinance enactment, tax exemption, repairing charges support, public hearing, construction of tour network. The residents of the Ichibangai area have contributed to preserving the traditional landscape and activating tourism through their own organizations and meetings for a long time. And the roles of various committees which have leaded close cooperation relations between civics and public institution are activated.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.93-103
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• 2018

In the past, the rooftop was a place where a water tank was to be installed, and a space of secretion and concealment such as a warehouse exposed in the air. It was because it was judged to hinder the beauty of a city as a whole without having any functional value per se. However, the roof portion is increasingly being utilized for a space such as a cafe, a pub, and a lounge as the rooftop is highly recognized as a place for leisure activities other than an idle space in modern times. Nonetheless, there are no detailed ordinances and criteria corresponding to such circumstances. For example, in case of the rooftop space, the building code applied to the rooftop space is a legal system when the rooftop was an idle space in the past though people have now accessed more increasingly to the rooftop than in the past. This study investigated the definition on the rooftop space evolved in accordance with the change of the rooftop space and the related legal system in Korea, and conducted a survey for the purpose of performing the field investigation for the analysis of physical status in 117 spaces that form the rooftop space in the rooftop of small-scale commercial facilities with 2 stories through 4 stories in Korea and analyze the recognition of users and analyzing the recognition of users. We analyzed the problems in the rooftop space through analysis of derived data, and suggested improvement plans.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.15-20
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• 2022

A single-person-house-holder has been increased since 2000s in South Korea, which led to high demands for small and medium-sized new houses requiring municipal architectural review committee consideration. And it has been argued recently that there are many limitations in the review system. Comprehensive expert surveys and interviews were conducted and the results were analyzed using the AHP to explore limitations in B city. The analysis with the data of 27 survey responds found that 'Related ordinance itself', 'Committee members limitation', and 'Absurdity on administrative procedure' are problematic in order of priority. It is also revealed that architects and administrative officials have different thoughts on the seriousness of those. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data on studies for improving the system.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.80-105
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• 2019

With the increasing complexity and irregularity of disaster types, the need for cultural asset preservation and management from a proactive perspective has increased as a number of cultural properties have been destroyed and damaged by various natural and humanistic factors. In consideration of these circumstances, the Cultural Heritage Administration enacted an Act in December 2005 to enforce the regular commission of surveys for the systematic preservation and management of cultural assets, and through a recent revision of this Act, the investigation cycle has been reduced from five to three years, and the object of regular inspections has been expanded to cover registered cultural properties. According to the ordinance, a periodic survey of city- or province-designated heritage is to be carried out mainly by metropolitan and provincial governments. The Seoul Metropolitan Government prepared a legal basis for commissioning regular surveys under the Seoul Special City Cultural Properties Protection Ordinance 2008 and, in recognition of the importance of preventive management due to the large number of cultural assets located in the city center and the high demand for visits, conducted regular surveys of the entire city-designated cultural assets from 2016 to 2018. Upon the first survey being completed, it was considered necessary to review the policy effectiveness of the system and to conduct a comprehensive review of the results of the regular surveys that had been carried out to enhance the management of cultural assets. Therefore, the present study examined the comprehensive management status of the cultural assets designated by the Seoul Metropolitan Government for three years (2016-2018), assessing the performance and identifying limitations. Additionally, ways to improve it were sought, and a DB establishment plan for the establishment of an integrated management system under the auspices of the Seoul Metropolitan Government was proposed. Specifically, survey forms were administered under the Guidelines for the Operation of Periodic Surveys of National Designated Cultural Assets; however, the types of survey forms were reclassified and further subdivided in consideration of the characteristics of the designated cultural assets, and manuals were developed for consistent and specific information technologies in respect of the scope and manner of the survey. Based on this analysis, it was confirmed that 401 cases (77.0%) out of 521 cases were generally well preserved; however, 102 cases (19.6%) were found to require special measures such as attention, precision diagnosis, and repair. Meanwhile, there were 18 cases (3.4%) of unsurveyed cultural assets. These were inaccessible to the investigation at this time due to reasons such as unknown location or closure to the public. Regarding the specific types of cultural assets, among a total of 171 cultural real estate properties, 63 cases (36.8%) of structural damage were caused by the failure and elimination of members, and 73 cases (42.7%) of surface area damage were the result of biological damage. Almost all plants and geological earth and scenic spots were well preserved. In the case of movable cultural assets, 25 cases (7.1%) among 350 cases were found to have changed location, and structural damage and surface area damage was found according to specific material properties, excluding ceramics. In particular, papers, textiles, and leather goods, with material properties that are vulnerable to damage, were found to have greater damage than those of other materials because they were owned and managed by individuals and temples. Thus, it has been confirmed that more proactive management is needed. Accordingly, an action plan for the comprehensive preservation and management status check shall be developed according to management status and urgency, and the project promotion plan and the focus management target should be selected and managed first. In particular, concerning movable cultural assets, there have been some cases in which new locations have gone unreported after changes in ownership (management); therefore, a new system is required to strengthen the obligation to report changes in ownership (management) or location. Based on the current status diagnosis and improvement measures, it is expected that the foundation of a proactive and efficient cultural asset management system can be realized through the establishment of an effective mid- to long-term database of the integrated management system pursued by the Seoul Metropolitan Government.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.21-32
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• 2011

The district units planning suggests not only detailed standards of building as parts of the whole plan in the district but also a guideline of the arrangement, shape and pavement of the public open space, in order to move away from the rigid image of an institution which causes the formal creation of it. This triggered various problems. While the basic plan for adjustment of urban environments(established in 2005) was being reorganized in order to reflect changed conditions of the city center, the sector of public open space was subdivided according to the guidelines of development by district. We conducted a comparative analysis of conditions before and after the adjustment, so as to examine whether or not the reorganized institution is effective for the plan of public open spaces. The analysis showed that there was no remarkable change between the basic plan and the reorganized institution in that items which were not any different from the existing building codes were established due to lack of guidelines related to public open space under the law of urban and residential environmental improvement. Low regulations should set up criteria for establishment from a concrete, effective microscopic aspect appropriate to the significance of public open space by the linking of public open space and the surrounding environment, whereas high regulations such as building codes should specify essential components.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.120-132
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• 2021

The ecosystem and landscape conservation areas of Seoul were designated according to the Natural Environment Conservation Act and the Natural Environment Conservation Ordinance. With the adoption of the "Rapid Assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Service (RAWES)" approach and the "wetland ecosystem service" for the Ramsar Wetland City Accreditation at the 13th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in 2018, the need for data evaluating wetland ecosystem services has become a necessity. Therefore, in this study, we selected five wetlands from the ecosystem and landscape conservation areas in Seoul, having high ecological conservation values, and evaluated their carbon sequestration and economic value assessment using the InVEST model, which is an ecosystem service evaluation technique. The evaluation results for carbon storage in each wetland are as follows: Tancheon Wetland: 3,674.62 Mg; Bamseom Island in the Hangang River: 1,511.57 Mg; Godeok-dong Wetland: 5,007.21 Mg; Amsa-dong Wetland: 7,108.47 Mg; and Yeouido Wetland: 290.27 Mg. Particularly, the Tancheon Wetland showed the lowest carbon sequestration of 1,130.37 Mg, as compared to the results acquired in 2013, of 4,804.99 Mg. When the average effective carbon rate of $16.06 (US) was applied to the decreased carbon sequestration value, a loss of $15,910.58(US) was calculated. Furthermore, if the average social cost of carbon ($204 (US)) is considered, which includes the impact of climate change on productivity and ecosystems, the total loss is equivalent to $202,101.97 (US). This study aims to examine the natural resource value of urban wetlands by evaluating selected major wetlands in Seoul. This study can be utilized as basic data to plan for the protection and management of the ecosystem and landscape conservation areas. Additionally, because wetland value assessment is considered essential, the results of this study can be used in future research to provide measures for evaluating ecosystem services in the Ramsar Wetland City Certification System. Moreover, this study can be utilized for selecting important wetlands as Ramsar sites, and to raise awareness about the significance of conserving urban wetlands, and for expanding international exchange among the Ramsar Wetland sites.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.265-292
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to figure out the movements of policy actors in the policy process of the establishment of a local cultural foundation in B-gu(district), A-si (city), then to explore the way to contract out of the management of public libraries to the cultural foundation in the policy process. Data for the study were collected from various sources from newspapers and assembly minutes to blogs and SNS messages of the policy actors, then analysed based on Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). The results showed that 'agreement of contract-out' coalition only accepted public interest of the public libraries between the public interest and specialty of librarianship which were insisted by 'disagreement of contract-out' coalition's policy beliefs. The comparison between this case and a similar policy case showed that the specialty of librarianship as a core belief is effective in changing the beliefs of other coalition. Eventually, it is required to differentiate and to specialize library services among public services in a local area in order to keep the direct management of public libraries by the local government, and this means that everyday library services influence the decision making of library policies in the local area.