• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2010

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the regulation of sleep architecture by the red ginseng water extract (RGE) in acutely and chronically restraint stressed rats. Adult rats were fitted with sleep.wake recording electrodes. Following post-surgical recovery, rats were extensively habituated for freely moving polygraphic recording conditions. Polygraphic signs of sleep-wake activities were recorded for 24 h after RGE administration and induction of stress and were analyzed to understand the regulation of sleep architecture. Acute stress decreased wakefulness and increased total sleep, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in both the daytime and nighttime recording. RGE shortened the daytime NREM and REM sleep, without changing the wakefulness and total sleep. RGE increased nighttime wakefulness, and decreased total, NREM and REM sleep. Chronic stress increased wakefulness and decreased total sleep in the daytime recording, and increased REM and decreased NREM sleep in both the day and night time recording. RGE ameliorated chronic stress and induced alterations of REM and NREM sleep in the day and night time sleep architecture. Acute and chronic stress could also induce alternations in cortex electroencephalogram (EEG) recording during NREM, REM sleep and wakefulness. These findings suggest that RGE may modulate the sleep behavior in acutely and chronically stressed rats and the ameliorating effect of RGE on the sleep architecture may involve in modulation of $\alpha$-, $\theta$- and $\delta$- wave activities of the cortical EEG.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the anti-depressive effects of BanHaHuBakTang-kami (BHHBT) on an animal model of depression induced by chronic immobility stress. Methods: Mice were treated daily with immobilization stress for 2 hours over a period of 21 days. To examine the effect of BHHBT, we performed behavioral, biochemical and histological analysis to measure immobility time (FST), brain neurotransmitter concentration (HPLC, ELISA), hippocampal damage (H&E staining) and CRF-R1 expression (immunohistochemistry). Results: BHHBT has reduced the immobility time of immobilization stress exposed mice in the forced swimming test. BHHBT has increased the amount of serotonin in the brain. BHHBT has increased the expression level of serotonin in the brain. BHHBT 540 mg/kg were sufficient to prevent tissue damage in the hippocampus region. BHHBT has reduced the expression level of CRF receptors in the hippocampus region. Conclusions: These results suggest that BHHBT may have anti-depressive effects on mice treated with immobilization stress by reducing immobility, increasing brain serotonin concentration and reducing CRF-R1 expression in the hippocampus region.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2019

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of stress, social support, and lifestyle on health-related quality of life among middle-aged women. Methods: One hundred forty three-middle aged women were recruited and completed questionnaires regarding their stress, social support, lifestyle and health-related quality of life. Data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. Results: Regression model was statistically significant (F= 24.80, p< .001) with 46% of adjusted $R^2$. Stress showed to be a major factor influencing health-related quality of life in middle-aged women (p< .001) and the presence of chronic illness (p= .011) was noted as next in the result of a multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: The results suggest that nursing professionals should include strategies to reduce stress and to consider helping women with chronic illness when developing a health promotion program to increase health related quality of life for middle-aged women.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.1188-1197
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• 2019

스트레스는 인체의 다양한 기관과 정신적 상태에 영향을 미치는 교감신경 항진을 야기시킨다. 본 연구의 목적은 만성 스트레스로 교감신경을 항진시킨 동물 모델에서 국내산 생강 에센셜오일이 스트레스 호르몬 및 뇌 조직 반응에 미치는 효과를 평가하였다. 평가 방법은 세포독성 평가 및 성분 분석을 수행하였으며, 혈청 바이오 마커와 뇌 조직의 병리학적 분석이 기초한 효과를 관찰하였다. 동물 실험에서 국산 생강 에센셜오일의 처리는 만성 스트레스로 교감신경을 항진시킨 동물 모델 제작 후 2주간 100 nl/㎖로 처리하였다. 그 결과, 국산 생강 에센셜오일은 100 nl/㎖ 농도 이하에서 독성이 없었으며, 6-진저롤 함량이 345 ppm으로 확인되었다. 국산 생강 에센셜오일의 처리는 대조군과 비교하여 혈청에서 부신피질호르몬, 코르티코스테론, 멜라토닌과 같은 스트레스 호르몬의 농도를 크게 줄였으며, 복측피개부(VTA) 및 흑색질 치밀부(SNpc) 부분에서 TH-면역 반응이 때때로 중단되는 것을 효과적으로 보존하였다. 이와 같은 결과는 국산 생강 에센셜오일이 교감신경 항진을 개선했음을 나타내고 있다. 따라서 국산 생강은 교감신경 항진에 대한 아로마오일의 새로운 원료로 활용될 수 있다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2015

Silibinin, a natural flavonoid antioxidant isolated from extracts of the milk thistle herb, has recently been identified as having anti-hepatotoxic and anticancer properties. In this paper, we investigated the effects of silibinin on behavior and neuroplasticity in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). After 5 consecutive weeks of CUMS, the mice were treated with silibinin (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg by oral gavage) for 3 consecutive weeks. The results showed that silibinin administration significantly alleviated the CUMS-induced depressive-like behavior, including the total number of squares crossed and the frequency of rearing in the open field test, the immobility time in the tail suspension test and the forced swimming test. Furthermore, silibinin treatment increased the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Our study provides new insight into the protective effects of silibinin on the depressive status of CUMS mice, specifically by improving neuroplasticity and neurotransmission.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2011

Objectives: To examine the overview of fatigue-related health conditions in the Korean general population. Methods: Data were collected from 2,203 adults (1,126 men and 1,077 women) via a self-reporting questionnaire and their sleeping, exercise, stress, physical problems, use of functional food, and fatigue status were analyzed. Results: The average sleeping hours was about $6.6{\pm}2.0$ hrs per day, and 24.3% of subjects didn't exercise (over 30 min) in a week. Around 16.5% of subjects were under severe stress, and 46.1% (36.9% male vs. 55.6% female) had had trouble with at least one form of physical distress including dyspepsia, headache or muscular pain. 45.4% (37.2% male vs. 53.9% female) of subjects used functional supplements. 46.3% (42.8% male vs. 50.0% female) of subjects complained of chronic fatigue, and they were significantly different compared with no-fatigue subjects regarding severe stress status (8.6% vs. 24.0%), frequency of physical distress (33.2% vs. 69.9%), and use of functional supplements (41.6% vs. 49.8%). Conclusion: This result first reports the features of fatigue-related health conditions including prevalence of chronic fatigue in the Korean population. This data could be helpful to develop fatigue-focused traditional Korean medicine in the future.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.615-624
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• 2004

UL-syndrome(鬱證) is a syndrome of emotional depression and various physical symptoms generally due to chronic psychological stress, without constitutional abnormality. These are cases of female patients suffering from headache, chest discomfort, heart burning, insomnia, dyspepsia, anorexia, fatigue and some other minor symptoms due to chronic stress. We diagnosed these cases as UL-syndrome and treated them with oriental medicine, specifically Gamisoyosan(加味逍遙散). This paper describes the symptoms that the patients suffered, the treatment used, and identifies stages in the development of UL-syndrome, and suggests a stage in which Gamisoyosan is efficacious.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2001

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Punsimgi-eum(fenxingi-yin) in rat model of depression induced by chronic mild stress (CMS). Methods : The change of the consumption of sucrose solution was measured, and the open field test and passive avoidance conditioning test were performed to investigate the anti-depressive effect of Punsimgi-eum(fenxingi-yin). Results : The results were as follows; I. The consumption of sucrose solution was significantly reversed in the test group at 5, 7 and 8 weeks, but there was no significant change in the control group. 2. There was no significant change of body weight after 8 weeks in each group 3. In the open field test, there was significant increase of exploratory activity in the test group. 4. In the passive avoidance test, the test group showed differences in the maintenance of retention from the control group at the 2-week training-testing interval. Conclusions : The present results suggest that Punsimgi-eum(fenxingi-yin) has an anti-depressive effect.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.432-439
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study is to promote their health by identifying factors that affect the depressive mood experience among local residents in Gangseo-gu, Seoul. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study analyzed using data from the 2022 Community Health Survey, which is conducted annually in Korea. The subjects of the study were 916 local residents in Gangseo-gu, Seoul. Results: Through this study, the groups with a high level of depressive mood experience among local residents of Gangseo-gu were female, those with low income, those with chronic diseases, those with low subjective health level, and those who perceived their stress to be high. Conclusion: It is necessary for local medical institutions to identify those with low income in blind spots and connect them with community resources to provide necessary economic support. Additionally, regular and systematic management is needed to help local residents prevent and manage chronic diseases. There is a need to actively support local residents by providing stress management programs and various health-related education to local residents so that they can maintain and improve their health and lead healthy lives.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2020

Purpose: Temporomadibular disorders (TMDs) can result in chronic pain, which is often associated with psychological and sleep disturbance. Increased levels of psychological and sleep impairments are often related with poor treatment outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical features, psychological profiles and the prevalence of clinical insomnia in TMD patients with chronic pain and to suggest an effective treatment approach. Methods: A total of 200 TMD patients who had visited the Pusan National University Hospital dental clinic for treatment of their pain were recruited from June 2018 through December 2019. TMD patients were classified into an acute (n=100) and chronic (n=100) group and compared the clinical symptoms. The primary diagnosis of TMD were categorized as TMD with joint pain group (TMD_J), TMD with muscle pain group (TMD_M) and TMD with joint-muscle mixed pain group (TMD_JM). Self- report measures of sleep quality and psychological profiles were evaluated via the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Korean Stress Response Inventory (SRI). Independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U-tests, and chisquared test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: Chronic TMD patients showed higher pain intensity, as well as higher prevalence of related symptoms (headache, musculoskeletal pain) and myogenous pain. They also had significantly higher scores in all SRI parameters and a higher percentage of clinical insomnia than acute TMD patients. Conclusions: Based on the above results, psychological profiles and sleep quality assessments are necessary to provide essential data that will allow for improved treatment of chronic TMD patients.