• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.400-408
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• 2003

염화물 이온은 철근의 부동태 피막을 파괴하여 부식을 촉진시키는 요인이며 철근의 부식은 콘크리트 구조물의 내구성뿐만 아니라 안전성에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 염해에 대해 적극적으로 대처하기 위하여 최근에는 공극률 슬래그 미분말의 사용이 본격화 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 염해, 특히 보통 포틀랜트 시멘트 콘크리트 보다 우수한 염화물 이온의 침투저항성을 보유한 것으로 알려져 있는 공극률 슬래그 미분말 콘크리트에 대해 염화물 이온의 확산특성을 분석하였고, 염화물 이온의 거동을 해석할 수 있는 모델을 기존의 보통콘크리트 확산모델을 수정하여 제안하였다. 제안된 공극률슬래그 미분말 콘크리트의 염화물 이온 확산모델은 공극률슬래그 미분말 콘크리트에 대한 촉진염화물 분무실험 결과와 실제 RC 교량 교각부의 현장 염화물 실험결과와의 비교를 통하여 타당성을 검증하였으며, 검증된 모델을 이용한 해석과 실험을 통하여 고로슬래그 미분말 콘크리트의 염화물 이온의 침투에 따른 치환율 및 분말도에 따른 최적조건을 도출하였다. 고로슬래그 미분말 콘크리트의 염화물 이온 침투저항성은 고로슬래그 미분말을 사용함에 따라 보통 콘크리트에 비하여 우수하게 개선되었으며, 사용한 고로슬래그 미분말의 분말도보다 치환율에 영향을 더 받는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2019

콘크리트 구조물이 극심한 열화 환경에 노출되는 경우 열화현상이 발생하게 되는데, 대표적인 열화 현상으로는 염해에 의한 철근부식이 있다. 본 연구에서는 3가지 수준의 물-결합재 비(0.37, 0.42, 0.47) 및 2가지 수준의 플라이애시 치환율(0%, 30%)을 고려하여 재령 2년 콘크리트 시편을 대상으로 염해 저항 성능을 평가하였다. Tang's method에 준하여 촉진 염화물 확산계수를, ASTM C 1202에 준하여 통과 전하량을, KS F 2405에 준하여 압축강도를 평가하였다. 또한 기존의 제안식들과 촉진 염화물 확산계수 결과를 활용하여 각 배합의 시간의존성 확산 특성을 분석하였다. 플라이애시 혼입 배합은 OPC 배합 대비 뛰어난 내구성능을 나타내는데, 통과 전하량 평가기준에 따르면 재령 49일부터 "Moderate" 등급 이하에 포함되는 반면 OPC 배합은 재령 1년에서야 모든 물-결합재 비에서 "Moderate" 등급 이하에 포함되었다. 각 배합의 시간의존성지수를 도출한 결과 모든 배합에서 물-결합 재비가 증가함에 따라 시간의존성지수가 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한, 플라이애시 혼입 배합에서 OPC 배합 대비 1.57배~2.74배의 시간의존성지수가 평가되었다. 이는 시간의존성지수가 확산계수가 감소하는 기울기를 나타내기 때문이며, 플라이애시의 포졸란 반응에 의해 FA 배합에서 OPC 배합 대비 높은 시간의존성지수를 나타내었다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.683-688
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• 2001

In case of constructing the concrete structures under seawater environment, the concrete suffers from deterioration due to penetration of various ions such as chloride, sulfate and magnesium in seawater. Tn the present study, Immersion tests with artificial seawater were carried out to investigate the resistance to seawater attack of antiwashout underwater concrete. From the results of compressive strength, it was found that blended cement concrete due to mineral admixtures such as fly ash(FA) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag(SGC), were superior to ordinary portland cement concrete with respect to the resistance to seawater attack. Moreover, XRD analysis indicated that the formed reactants of ordinary portland cement paste by sulfate and magnesium ions led to the deterioration of concrete. As expected, however, the blended cements with FA or SGC have a good resistance to seawater attack. This paper would discuss the mechanism of seawater deterioration and benefical effects of antiwashout underwater concretes with mineral admixtures.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.15-16
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• 2017

The properties of concrete damaged by fire change according to the temperature. Diffusion coefficient of chloride ion also can change which affect the life expectation under salt circumstance. Diffusion coefficient was measured by NT BUILD 492 using the concrete specimen damaged by high temperature. FEM analysis was performed to predict the life expectancy which can help to diagnose the concrete diagnose and to design maintenance strategy.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표대회 논문집(III)
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• pp.857-860
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• 1998

Reinforced concrete structure is deteriorated, as time goes on. So many repair materials are developed for the repair. But repair materials have not been adequately applied so far. Because the datum which evaluated the repair materials are not sufficient. The object of this study is estimation f repair materials that is in general use and establish method of application. To acquire the result, we have made experiments on chemical attack, carbonation and chloride permeability test. The carbonation and chloride permeability are very different. Some repair materials are poorer than portland cement mortar.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2019

Concrete structures in marine environment are susceptible to chloride attack, where chloride diffusion results in the corrosion of steel bar and further lead to the cracking of concrete cover. This process causes structural deterioration and affects the response of concrete structures to different forms of loading. This paper presents the use of ABAQUS Finite Element Software in simulating the processes involved in concrete's structural degradation from chloride diffusion to steel corrosion and concrete cover cracking. Fick's law was used for the chloride diffusion, while the mass loss from steel corrosion was obtained using Faraday's law. Pressure generated by steel corrosion product at the concrete-steel interface was modeled by applying uniform radial displacements, while concrete smeared cracking alongside the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) was used for concrete cover cracking simulation. Results show that, chloride concentration decreases with penetration depth, but increases with exposure time at the concrete-steel interface. Cracks initiate and propagate in the concrete cover as pressure caused by the steel corrosion product increases. Furthermore, the crack width increases with the exposure time on the surface of the concrete.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
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• pp.782-785
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• 2004

Salt attack is one of the serious deterioration factor with respect to the durability of concrete structure. Especially, in case of exposed rebar concrete structure in marine environment, corrosion of rebar is accelerated by penetration of $Cl^-$ from exterior. Through this path, volume of corroded rebar is increased about two and half times due to increased inner pressure originated from rust. As a consequence, the overall deterioration of concrete structure, namely, cracks, reduction of adhesive strength and pop-out is followed. In this paper, the effect of structure treatment of concrete on chloride resistance has been investigated. At the same time, the relationship among several characteristics, such as resistance to chloride, water absorption coefficient and surface hardness of concrete has been investigated. It is believed that surface performance improvement by the application of penetrative hardening agent influences on positively water absorption coefficient, surface hardness of concrete and resistance to chloride ion penetration.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.433-436
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• 1999

Long-term durability of the reinforced concrete structures exposed to marine environment deteriorates seriously by the attack of the chloride ion from see water results in corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete. Their coating effect is aluminum oxide-isocyanate-based coating material, resistance of chloride penetration, carbonation and freezing and thawing resistance were compared to acryl-based coating material and sealer type o waterproofing material. Aluminum oxide-isocyante-based and acryl-based coating material show higher resistance to chloride penetration and carbonation than the sealer type do waterproofing material and aluminum oxide-isocyanate-based coating resist about 99% of chloride penetration. Resultants to the accelerated test for freezing and thawing, coating concrete show higher resistance than non-coating concrete, respectively.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.52-53
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• 2016

Mechanical properties and durability of recycled aggregate concrete was known to decrease due to the adhesive mortar of recycled aggregate. But in this study, As the result of chloride diffusion resistance of recycled fine aggregate mortar, the mechanical properties are reduced according to the increase of the substitute ratio of recycled fine aggregate. But the chloride diffusion coefficient was almost same with natural fine aggregate mortar.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.261-264
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• 2005

For concrete structures immersed in seawater, the concentration of chloride used to estimate the chloride diffusion coefficient can be defined as the seawater chloride concentration. However, for seashore concrete structures which are not coming into direct contact with seawater, establishing the interface concentration of chloride becomes delicate. In addition, concrete structures are greatly affected by salt attack primarily due to airborne sea salt like it can be seen through the corrosion of rebar. This study intends to investigate characteristics on the salinity of airborne sea salt by height. Salinity measurement devices were installed at height of 2, 10 and 19m on the seashore water tower located in the area of Samchuk in the Eastern coast. Analysis results of the decrease of salinity with respect to the height above the ground at a distance of 30m from the seashore showed that the reduction reached about 40$\%$ at a height of 10m and 60$\%$ at 20m.