• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.107-128
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to portray the phenomena of information poverty of the families of children with developmental disabilities. The focus was especially put on investigating their information needs of everyday lives and information-seeking behaviors. The sample group includes six children with developmental disabilities and their families, mainly mothers. The investigation was conducted by the participant observation and in-depth interviews. The study found out that they sought the formal information sources such as medical specialists and special agencies first with which they were not satisfied. As a result, they rather relied on informal information sources. And the information from 'the group of families of children with developmental disabilities' was thought to be the most reliable information for them. In terms of information related behaviors, the strongest information needs were regarding the children's special education, especially to the school education, and they made effort to seek reliable information. They, however, tended to passively treat their personal concerns that are not related to their disabled children. This study found out that their information poverty is in terms of the information environment, information sources and their attitude to information, and that it comes from the external(social) factors as well as internal(individual) ones.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of lifestyle on the perceived value of children in university students. Questionnaires were distributed to 467 university students with questions covering topics including general personal information and characteristics, lifestyle type, and value of children. First, a cluster analysis based on lifestyle showed that the subjects could be categorized into three groups: negative-leisure types, active-achievement types, and affirmative-fidelity types. The negative-leisure type was highly leisure-oriented and showed a negative self-value; the active-achievement type showed a perspective that valued personal and occupational self-development and a high level of labor-oriented value; and the affirmative-fidelity type favored materialism, seeking occupational aptitude and worth and showing a positive self-value. Second, an investigation of the impact of these three lifestyle types on the students' value of children revealed that the active-achievement type group had high level of belief in the necessity of childbirth, the affirmative-fidelity type group highly valued fulfilling an active parent role, and the active-achievement type group were inclined to delay childbirth. Further, the negative-leisure type group wanted the lowest number of children, while the affirmative-fidelity type group wanted the highest number of children. This study reveals that university students' lifestyle does have an effect on their value of children. It is therefore proposed that a value-focused population education for increasing fertility should relate not only to individuals' value of children but also to their broader lifestyle.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.199-218
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• 2002

This study was conducted to examine obese children's self-efficiency feeling and health promotion behavior in order to provide basic information on prevention of children obesity. Data were collected in June, 2001 from 349 normal weight children and 351 obese children, who were fifth or sixth graders at 14 primary schools located in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, Ansan, chungju, and Gumi. The data were analyzed through using Chronbach's $\alpha$, frequency analysis, $X^2-test$, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. The results of this study can be summarized as follow. 1. The factor of children obesity was significantly different in the variables of sex, parents obesity, brother or sister obesity, father's occupation, level of living, health condition, and satisfaction level with their bodies. On the other hand, it was not significantly different in the variables of father's education level, mother's education level, mother's occupation, level of father's concern about health, and level of the children's concern about health. 2. In the case of normal weight children, dietary efficiency feeling was significantly different in the variables of level of father's concern about health and level of children's concern about health. In th case of obese children, the dietary efficiency feeling was significantly different in the variables of mother obesity, parents' education level, father's occupation, and the children's satisfaction level with their bodies. In the case of normal weight children, exercise efficiency feeling was significantly different in the variables of sex, level of parents's concern about health, and level of the children's concern about health. In the case of obese children, the exercise efficiency feeling was significantly different in the variables of grade, brother and sister obesity, parents' education level, father's occupation, and the children's satisfaction level with their bodies. In the case of normal weight children, social efficiency feeling was significantly different in the variables of brother and sister obesity, parents' education level, level of parents' concern about health, and level of the children's concern about health. In the case of obese children, the social efficiency feeling was significantly different in the variables of parents' education level, father's occupation, level of living, the children's health condition, and the children's satisfaction level with their bodies. 3. In the case of normal weight children, personal hygiene was significantly different in the variables of sex, level of parents's concern about health, and level of the children's concern about health. In the case of obese children, the personal hygiene was significantly different in the variables of parents' education level, father's occupation, mother's occupation, level of living, and level of parents' concern about health. In the case of normal weight children, dietary habit was significantly different in the variables of sex, level of parents's concern about health, and level of the children's concern about health. In the case of obese children, the dietary habit was significantly different in the variables of father's education level, mother's education level, level of living, and the children's satisfaction level with their bodies. In the case of normal weight children, exercise habit was significantly different in the variables of grade, sex, father's education level, mother's education level, and level of children's concern about health. In the case of obese children, the exercise habit was significantly different in the variables of grade, mother obesity, parents' education level, father's occupation, level of parent' concern about health, the children's health condition, and the children's satisfaction level with their bodies. In the case of normal weight children, prevention of infectious diseases was significantly different in the variables of sex, father's occupation, level of parents' concern about health, and level of the children's concern about health. In the case of obese children, the prevention of infectious diseases was significantly different in the variables of mother's education level and father's occupation. In the case of normal weight children, prevention of accident was significantly different in the variables of mother's education level, level of parents' concern about health, and level of the children's concern about health. In the case of obese children, the prevention of accident was significantly different in the variables of brother and sister obesity and mother's occupation. In the case of normal weight children, mental health was significantly different in the variables of father obesity, brother and sister obesity, parents' education level, and level of the children's concern about health. In the case of obese children, the mental health was significantly different in the variables of parents' educational level, father's occupation, mother's occupation, level of living, and the children's health condition. 4. According to the correlation between self-efficiency feeling and health promotion behavior, the higher the self-efficiency feeling was, the higher the level of health promotion behavior was. 5. The children obesity was influenced by the factors of level of living, level of parents' concern about health, the children's health condition, level of the children's concern about health, the children's satisfaction level with their bodies, dietary efficiency feeling, exercise efficiency feeling, social efficiency feeling, personal hygiene, dietary habit, exercise habit, prevention of infectious diseases, prevention of accident, and mental health. From the results of this study, it is clear that obese children's self-efficiency feeling is closely related with health promotion behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen children's self-efficiency feeling in order to make children control efficiently obesity for themselves.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.278-285
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• 2009

As children's apparel industry expands, there are many researches on purchasing and wearing children's clothing and optimal sizes, but researches on purchasing and wearing children's clothing and the appropriateness of sizes comparing average body shape and obese children are still inadequate. Therefore, in this research Late Elementary Schoolgirls ranging in age from 12 to 13 are categorized into the average or the obese body type, and by comparing and analyzing purchasing and wearing children's clothing and the appropriateness of its sizes between these groups, the problems in the size system of children's apparel are realized and the basic information about designing children's clothing for average body shape and non-average body shape(out-size)children are presented. The survey questions were composed of topics about general personal information, the purchasing practice and wearing practice, the appropriateness of its size when wearing children's clothing and the practice of mending apparel according to the satisfaction level of children's clothing sizes. Because subjects are often too big to wear children's clothing, and in the case of obese children the deviation of a body type is amplified, therefore in buying and wearing children's clothing, they demonstrate different forms of purchasing and wearing characteristics than adults. Considering the practice of increasing obesity in children due to westernized eating habits and decreased physical activities, along with developing programs for improving obesity, the development of an optimal size system in response to various body types will become an important challenge.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.443-456
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• 2019

Objectives: Children are exposed to various environmental pollutants through contact with children's products. We investigated the KC mark, certification number, and contained substances labeled on children's products through market research and collected the toxicological data on these substances. Methods: The environmentally hazardous substances labeled on children's products (n=6576), including toys (n=2812), personal care products (n=2212), stationary/books (n=1333), and playground equipment (n=219) were examined. For the components that could be identified by CAS number, toxicological data on oral, inhalation, and dermal routes, cancer slope factor, and reference dose were collected. Results: Among the investigated products, KC marks or certification numbers were found for 4557 products (69.3%). Except for cosmetics and cleansers, the material information was labeled on most of the products. The frequency of labeling substance information in toys and stationary/books was low since this information could be omitted if KC certification was obtained. In the target products, 617 substances were identified by CAS number, and polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and polyester were the most frequently displayed. Chronic toxicity data was found for only 32.4% of individual components, and information on toxicity through the dermal route was also highly limited. Conclusion: Our study suggested that labeling guidelines should be required to identify the environmentally hazardous substances contained in children's products. In addition, the toxicological data on many ingredients in children's products were insufficient. The data gap for toxicity data should be filled for future risk assessment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.984-990
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• 2015

In the knowledge-based society, IT literacy and application of a person become a measure of personal competitiveness. As IT industry is of great important nationally, many countries are trying to make an effort to promote IT industry. In this sense, identification and fostering of the gifted children in IT become an important national task since, in IT industry, usually only a few prodigies have led whole IT industry. Currently gifted education aims for convergent gifted education according to government policy. The purpose of this paper is to investigate correlation of information subject and convergent subject for the gifted children in IT. For this purpose, the gifted children in IT who attended a gifted science education center attached to a university at Seoul Metropolitan Area are selected. Their grades during their the period of attendance are collected and analysed. The statistical results show that there is a meaningful correlation between information subject and convergent subject for the gifted children in IT. It means that the higher scores information subject is, the higher scores convergent subject is. The results can be used to make or change gifted curriculum and education contents for gifted IT education.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.176-186
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the nutritional status of ethnic (belonging to minority groups) preschool children in Northern Thailand. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the sample group included 147 parents and 147 preschool children (2-6 years old). Participants volunteered to complete a questionnaire on the personal information of children and parents, as well as family- and school-related factors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a nutritional status calculator, and logistic regression analysis. Results: A birth weight of less than 2,500 g was related to weight-for-age and weight-for-height. Not having been breastfed and having been breastfed for less than 6 months were related to weight-for-height. An elementary school education level among parents was related to children's height-for-age. Familial unhealthy food consumption for 1-2 days per week was related to weight-for-age and height-for-age. Conclusion: This study reflects the importance of nutritional care for children at the beginning of pregnancy and continuing to the preschool age, as well as the importance of breastfeeding. Families were found to be a key factor in supporting good nutrition among children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.201-213
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• 2000

The aim of this study is to survey the eating habits and nutritional knowledge of children in Pusan, with a view to uncovering problems and their underlying causes and cultivating desirable dietary habit and nutrition for children. Three hundred and fifty six elementary school students were asked questions about their eating habits and nutritional knowledge as well as general information about their personal characteristics. The results showed: 1. Only 53.5% of the subjects had breakfast every day. Seventy-six percent of the subjects had dinner every day. Only 40% of the children took meals and talked with family at both breakfast and dinner. Thus there was little opportunity for dietary guidance by parents. 2. About half of the subjects answered that their appetite decreased after eating snack foods between meals. A third of the subjects liked the baked goods as snacks. Because of their high sugar and fat content, they can damage children's health, resulting in child diabetes and tooth decay. For this reason, careful education is necessary to allow children to be able to select snack foods that are appropriate in kind and quantity. 3. About 85% of the subjects had an unbalanced diet. Therefore systematic nutrition education at school is necessary to instill in children the value of balanced diet. 4. Children preferred rice to other cereals as a staple food. They disliked kimchi, seasoned and blanched foods and salads as subsidiary foods. It is therefore necessary to teach children systematically the nutritional advantage of cereals and vegetables and to heighten their awareness of Korean food culture. 5. Children had a low level of nutritional knowledge. The knowledge of specific nutrients was lower than that of foods. In conclusion, systematical educational programs need to be developed at elementary school. These should include information about achieving a balanced diet, good eating habit, meal management and Korean dietary culture. Nutritional education at home must be emphasized.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.219-228
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• 2021

The adoption of new technology in any organization will represent change, and such change needs user acceptance for its successful implementation. Saudi Arabian health centers are no exception; therefore, the current study will investigate the adoption of new technology, namely that of virtual reality (VR), within health centers in Saudi Arabia and specifically in Riyadh City. This study explores the current state of VR technology adoption, factors that influence such adoption, and the extent of this technology's efficiency when it is used for vaccinating children. The data were collected from two samples: workers in vaccination clinics who responded to a survey and a group of children who participated in the VR technology experiment. The current study proposed a model based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2), with the addition of two variables: personal innovativeness and satisfaction. The results indicated that the respondents' perceptions regarding the health centers' infrastructure in terms of adopting VR were moderate. Among the factors affecting VR adoption, satisfaction, personal innovativeness, and behavioral intention were identified as vastly influential factors. From the eight hypotheses, six were found to be supported, with their factors significantly influencing behavioral intention with regard to VR technology adoption. Besides, the experiment concerning the use of VR technology on children verified the technique's high efficiency in terms of providing pain management and fear removal. These findings support the continuity of VR technology use, expand its future application fields, and integrate this study into the literature on technology acceptance models for VR adoption, as limited studies have covered this topic; consequently, this will benefit future research in this field.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.23-31
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• 2020

As children's participation in online activities has recently increased, online services for children are also rapidly increasing, but children are not sufficiently guaranteed their rights. The purpose of this study is to classify and analyze issues related to the children's online privacy issues in Korea through the current status and case studies of application services mainly used by children. For this purpose, this research analyzed problems related to the children's online privacy protection according to the stage of using the application. As a result of the application content analysis, 1) issues of child identification, 2) effectiveness of notice and consent, and 3) issues of children's rights as subjects of information were derived. Based on the current status analysis, the policy implications were drawn based on the children's online privacy protection in the online environment, and suggestions were made for improvement.