• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.73-87
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of children's socia-demographic variables(i.e., gender, birth order, and the amount of time staying in kindergarten) on, leadership, self-regulation and children's peer play behaviors. The participants of this study are 336 children aged between five and seven in four classes in a private kindergarten and eight classes in a private preschool located in the capital region. The results revealed that, girls showed more leadership, self-regulation, and play interaction section than boys: whereas, boys showed higher response in play disruption and the lack of play disconnection. However, birth order, did not have a significant effect on the sub-domain of leadership, self-regulation competence, and peer play behaviors. As for the duration children stay in preschool or in preschool or kindergarten, children who spend half-day showed higher reaction in behavioral self-control and emotional taking abilities than children who stay in the preschool or kindergarten full day. On the other hand, self-esteem of full-time children was higher than half-time children. Children who were emotionally sensitive, knew how to lead their peer group, and those who were sociable and self-regulated presented to be more active in peer-interaction than others. Second, as the result of the correlation analysis reveals, children's leadership, self-regulation competence, peer play behaviors, and play interaction had a meaningful effect on the sub-variations of children's leadership and self-regulation and they showed significant influence upon play disruption and play disconnection. In addition, girls who were not able to manage or to inspect their behavior and had insensitive emotion demonstrated higher tendency to play disconnected. Children, who participated in full-day program with having difficulties in self-regulation or inspecting their behavior properly but had a strong leadership and insensitive showed play disruption highly.

• 한국컴퓨터게임학회논문지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2018

성인보다 주의 집중력이 낮은 아동의 인지력을 측정하는 것은 매우 어려운 일이다. 기능성 게임은 아동의 동기와 주의집중을 높이는 효과적인 방법으로 아동의 인지력 측정을 위한 좋은 대안이 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 주의력 측정을 위해 사용되는 TMT(Trail Making Test)를 기능성 게임으로 제작하여 아동의 주의력을 측정하고 그 결과를 검증하고자 하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 기능성 게임으로 제작된 TMT는 주의 속도와 선택적 주의를 측정하는 유형A와 주의 전환을 측정하는 유형B로 설계되었으며, 검사결과를 아동의 학업성취도와 연결하여 검사의 타당도를 검증하고자 하였다. 284명의 아동을 기능성 게임을 통해 주의력을 검사한 결과, 유형A의 반응속도(Reaction Time) 그리고 유형B의 정오율과 학업성취도간 상관이 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 본 기능성 게임이 주의력의 여러 목표한 측정 요소를 잘 반영하고 있음을 시사한다. 기존의 단순한 결과만을 산출하는 지필검사와는 다르게 본 기능성게임은 주의와 관련된 여러 가지 행동 데이터를 제공해주고, 재미와 집중을 높여 아동에게 보다 긍정적이고 생태학적인 측면이 강화된 인지측정 도구를 제공해 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제40권
• /
• pp.5-37
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to find out some characteristics of the family functions of single mothers to provide some useful data for the development of programs which may help single mothers to improve their family functions. The McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) which is composed of problem solving function (PS), communication function (CF), role function (RC), emotional reaction function (ER), emotional involvement (EI), behavioral control function (BC), and general function (GC) and McCubbins' FSI were administered to single mothers and their adolescent children and mothers and their adolescent children of ordinary families (control family). The single mothers' perception of their family function was lower than that of control family mothers in an the 7 categories of FAD. The perceptions of the family function of the single mothers' children were lower than those of control family mothers' children. There was on significant difference between the perceptions of single mothers and their children in PS, ER, EI, GC of their family. However, single mothers' perception in RC and BC was lower than that of their children, and the children's perception in CF were lower than that of their mothers. Single mothers who fall on the period of single motherhood was shorter than 7 years perceived their families' function as lower than that of single mothers' who fall on the periods of single motherhood longer than 7 years in all categories. Generally speaking, the single mothers' family functions were lower than that of control family. The different characteristics of each single mother's family functions should be considered in developing programs for single mothers.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.31-42
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to examine the mother's perception on the concrete pattern of such behavior problems as noncompliance, jealousy, dependency, hyperactivity and stealing, by analyzing the difference between two cases of her own child and another mother's child relating to her attribution to the behavior problem of the child and the relationship between her attribution and behavioral reaction. This study was carried out by using 515 questionnaires answered by 1000 mothers of children of 7 kindergartens in Ulsan and Taegu, using Melissa Sweitzer's method (1986). The data was subjected to t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient. T-test was applied to test the difference between two cases of her own child and another mother's child relating to her attribution to the behavior problem of the child and Person's correlation coefficient was estimated to test the relationship between her attribution and behavioral reaction. The result of this study is sumarized as follows : 1. It was shown that the mother's attribution to the behavior problem of the child is less serious when her child showed the behavior problem than when another child dose the problem while her attribution has an affective reaction to the behavior problem of the child. 2. The relationship between the mother's attribution and behavior reaction to the behavior problem of the child appeared variously in accordance with the attribution factor and behavior problem. Then the mother showed more attribution to stability while frequently ignoring the child.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.36-40
• /
• 2016

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC, MIM#191100) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome caused by mutation or deletion of TSC1 encoding hamartin or TSC2 encoding tuberin and characterized by seizure, mental retardation, and multiple hamartomas or benign tumors in the skin, brain, retina, heart, kidney, and lungs. The TSC2 gene on chromosome 16p13.3 lies adjacent to the PKD1 gene which is responsible for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (MIM#173900). The TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene syndrome (TSC2/PKD1 CGDS, MIM#600273) is caused by deletion of both TSC2 and PKD1 gene. We recently experienced a 15 month-old boy and a 26 month-old girl with TSC2/PKD1 CGDS confirmed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis. They showed not only typical neurologic manifestations of TSC such as epilepsy, subependymal nodules, and subcortical tubers, but also polycystic kidney disease. The contiguous gene syndrome involving PKD1 and TSC2 should be suspected in children with enlarged polycystic kidneys and TSC. MLPA analysis is a useful method for the genetic confirmation of TSC2/PKD1 CGDS.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.184-193
• /
• 1994

저자들은 성학대를 경험한 소아청소년에 있어서 가족내와 가족외의 성학대형태와 가해자의 특성, 소아의 연령과 학대 형태에 따른 증상의 차이, 부모의 반응, 치료과정등의 임상적 특징을 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 1992년 1월부터 1993년 12월까지 국립서울정신병원 외래를 방문한 소아청소년 성학대아 10명을 대상으로 하였다. 가족내 성학대의 경우 가족외 성학대인 경우보다 좀더 만성적인 경과와 더 심한 가족병리를 보였고 학령전기에는 주로 신체적 증상과 불안이, 학령기에는 우울반응, 위축이 좀더 두드러졌다. 가족의 반응에서는 분노와 죄책감이 가장 흔하였고 치료는 위기개임중재, 놀이치료, 필요한 경우 입원치료가 시행되었다. 치료의 유지는 부모의 회피와 억압으로 어려움을 겪었다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.55-69
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of difficult temperament and mothers' reactions to child negative emotion on child emotion regulation strategies. Mothers of 253 preschoolers(Mage=4.04yrs.) responded to questionnaires on child temperament, mothers' reactions to child negative emotion, and child emotion regulation strategy. The results of regression analysis revealed that; 1) child difficult temperament positively predicted child's aggressive or outburst/appealing strategies whereas negatively predicted avoidance/none strategy; 2) child difficult temperament was not the variable predicting positive coping strategy, but mothers' emotion-focused or problem-focused reactions predicted child positive coping strategy whereas punitive or distress reactions predicted either aggressive or avoidance/none strategy; 3) child temperament moderated the link between mothers' reactions to child's negative emotion expression and child emotion regulation strategies. In particular, children with higher difficult temperament showed higher aggressive strategy under mothers' higher distress or punitive reaction and lower emotion focused or problem focused reaction. On the other hand, children with lower difficult temperament only showed avoidance/ none strategy when mothers showed higher minimization or punitive reaction. The results of current study underscore both child temperament, mothers' reactions and their interactions in predicting child emotion regulation strategies.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.263-272
• /
• 2005

그림책화면에서 구도는 조형요소들의 놓여진 위치와 배열에 따라 어린이의 심리적 반응을 불러일으키고, 이야기내용에 따른 주제와 배경의 관계, 등장인물의 움직임 등을 전달하는 시각적 진술방식이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 어린이그림책의 화면구도가 시각적 심리적으로 어린이에게 어떻게 작용하는지 분석하기 위하여 먼저, 어린이의 지각발달과 지각경험이 어린이의 연령에 따라, 그리고 어린이마다 과거의 경험, 심리작용, 생리적 욕구, 감정상태, 성장환경 등에 따라 다양하게 나타나는 것을 살펴보았으며, 시각적 심리적 지각은 4세에서 7세까지 전조작기에 해당하는 어린이를 발달심리학을 중심으로 선행연구자의 이론을 지각특성과 지각과정으로 접근하였다. 또한 실증조사를 통하여 분석한 내용을 조화롭고 효과적인 화면구도방식으로 유추하기 위하여 국내외에서 제작된 어린이그림책의 사례를 제시하였다. 끝으로 본 연구가 제시한 결론은 일러스트레이터의 개성과 창의성이 바탕이 된 화면제작에 도움이 됨은 물론, 일러스트레이션을 배우는 학생들의 효과적인 표현방법연구와 실험에 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.101-115
• /
• 2016

Objective: The study examined the mediated-moderation effect of social-support levels from maternal-acceptance experiences by the parents of origin to child emotion regulation strategies through an emotion-coaching reaction. Methods: The participants in this study were children (Grades 4-6) and their mothers. They completed questionnaires on Maternal Parenting Experiences Scale, Children's Emotion Regulation Scale, Emotion-Coaching Scale, and Social Supportive Level Scale. Data were analyzed via SEM. Results: The main findings were as follows. First, a mediating model showed that the relationship between maternal-acceptance experiences by the parents of origin and child emotion-regulation strategies was mediated by emotion-coaching reactions. Second, there was a moderation effect of social-supportive levels on the relationship between maternal-acceptance experiences from parents of origin and emotion-coaching reaction. Finally, social-supportive levels mediated the moderation effect of social-support level from maternal-acceptance experiences to child emotion-regulation strategies through emotion-coaching reaction. Conclusion: These results indicate that importance of maternal social-supportive level from owns spouse or friends. I discussed the implications of the intervention of parent counseling and parent education in this research.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제66권6호
• /
• pp.642-651
• /
• 2023

Objective : Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) have been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease (MMD). We have previously observed stagnant growth in MMD ECFCs with functional impairment of tubule formation. We aimed to verify the key regulators and related signaling pathways involved in the functional defects of MMD ECFCs. Methods : ECFCs were cultured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy volunteers (normal) and MMD patients. Low-density lipoproteins uptake, flow cytometry, high content screening, senescence-associated β-galactosidase, immunofluorescence, cell cycle, tubule formation, microarray, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, small interfering RNA transfection, and western blot analyses were performed. Results : The acquisition of cells that can be cultured for a long time with the characteristics of late ECFCs was significantly lower in the MMD patients than the normal. Importantly, the MMD ECFCs showed decreased cellular proliferation with G1 cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence compared to the normal ECFCs. A pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the cell cycle pathway was the major enriched pathway, which is consistent with the results of the functional analysis of ECFCs. Among the genes associated with the cell cycle, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) showed the highest expression in MMD ECFCs. Knockdown of CDKN2A in MMD ECFCs enhanced proliferation by reducing G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibiting senescence through the regulation of CDK4 and phospho retinoblastoma protein. Conclusion : Our study suggests that CDKN2A plays an important role in the growth retardation of MMD ECFCs by inducing cell cycle arrest and senescence.