• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.813-823
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ionized calcium treatment on total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface in the slaughtering process. The growth of Escherichia coli was strongly inhibited in a medium prepared by using a 0.5% ionized calcium solution. The total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface and the scalding water was significantly increased as the number of scalding was increased (p<0.05). The total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface reached a plateau without a further increase as scalding was performed consecutively for 10 or more times. The total bacterial cross-contamination of the scalding water was significantly increased as the number of scalding was increased (p<0.05). The total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface of the chickens raised on a floor type farm was significantly higher than that of the chickens raised in a battery cages (p<0.05). The total bacterial cross-contamination of chicken carcass surface of the chickens raised on a floor type farm was significantly lower in the 0.5% ionized calcium solution treatment group than in the control group (p<0.05).

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.145-151
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• 1996

The origin and present status of research and commercial production of Korean Ogol chicken are reviewed. The Yeonsan Ogol chicken was designated as a National Monument (No.265) at April 1, 1980. After that, researches have been done on the various aspects of Ogol chicken, i.e., external characteristics, growth and reproductive performance, chemical composition of egg and meat, and carcass characteristics. In addition, several genetic parameters of Ogol chicken have been estimated.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.33-44
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• 1990

본 연구는 육계와 육용오리의 도체특성을 비교하고 육계의 성, 사육형질, 계절 및 절식시간에 따른 도체율과 복강지방축적률을 조사하기 위하여 육계 240수와 육용오리 20수에 대한 도체조사기록을 이용하여 연구하였는바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 육계와 육용오리의 도체률은 각각 65.43%와 66.79%였으며, 복강지방축적률은 육계가 육용오리가 비하여 현저하게 높았다. 2. 육계와 육용오리의 부분육 생산비율은 현저한 차이가 있었으며, 육계의 경우 부분육 생산비율은 다리, 가슴, 등, 날개 및 목의 순서로 높았다. 3. 육계의 도체율은 성별에 따라 차이가 없었으나 복강지방축적율은 암컷이 수컷에 비하여 현저하게 높았다. 4. 사육형태간에 도체율은 차이가 없었으나 복강지방축적율은 케이지가 평사에 비하여 다소 높은 경향이었다. 5. 사육계절간에도 도체율은 차이가 없었으나 복강지방축적률은 하계에 가장 높았고 동계에 가장 낮았다. 6. 절식ㆍ절수시간이 1시간 경과함에 따라 육계의 체중은 약0.28365%씩 감소하였으며, 도체율은 절식 6시간 후 가장 높았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.509-516
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• 2011

The performance of naked neck and normal chicken was evaluated with respect to growth, carcass, immune, biochemical and stress parameters under winter and summer seasons to assess the suitability of naked neck birds under high temperatures in the global scenario of climate change. The growth performance was significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) higher in naked neck chicken in the summer season. The dressing percentage was significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) higher in naked neck birds in both winter and summer season because of reduced plumage. The thigh, giblet and feather proportion significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) varied between naked neck and normal chickens in summer season. The humeral immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV) and cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) did not show any significant differences among the chicken groups. The protein and cholesterol concentration observed was within the normal ranges. The total cholesterol levels in plasma were significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) lower in naked neck birds in both the seasons. H:L ratio was significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) lower in summer season indicating less stress in naked neck chicken. Basophil and eosinophil concentration was significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) higher in normal chicken in summer. The lipid peroxidation was higher in full feathered birds under summer stress. The enzyme glutathione reductase (GR) levels were significantly higher during the summer and varied significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) between the normal and naked neck chicken in both seasons. The results indicated that the naked neck birds performed significantly better at high ambient temperatures with respect to growth, carcass and biochemical parameters. It was concluded that the ability of the naked neck chicken to adapt to high temperatures foresees a viable option for the biological mitigation of climate change.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-25
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• 1999

Concerns about meat quality, including chicken meat, for the human diet has led to many attempts to manipulate the carcass fat and increase the eating quality. For actual eating quality, the birds must be grown and finished in a manner that results in meat that are tender, succulent and of good flavor, as well as being free from any foreign taint, flavor or safety hazard. Tenderization treatment with high voltage(820V) electrical stimulation and prechill muscle tensioning would improve the tenderness of chicken meat. Proper programs for the withdrawal of feed and water require a team approach for maximizing yield of meat and minimizing carcass contamination. Also effding of supplemental levels of-tocopherol to poultry with vegetable or fish oils increases of desirable polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) content and stablizes the meat against rancidity and fish off-flavors. The nutritional effects of varying dietary ingredients on broiler carcass fat content are also important. Increasing the levels of energy in the ration increases the carcass fat content, while increasing the proteing levels decreases carcass fat content. Supplement-tation of poultry diets with amino acids such as methionine, lysine, glycine and tryptophan as well as amino acid such as well as amino acid mixtures can reduce body fat deposition. Normal stress leads to chicken muscular damage resulting in reduced meat quality, but this can be controlled by preslaughter management practices. Feed manufactures can utilize ntilize nutrient modulation to control pale soft exudative(PSE)syndrome. Finally, the success in poultry meat production depends on the consistent achievement of carefully selected levels of quality. Quality assurance should be the wider function of incorporating quality into the production system and the combination of motivating quality into actions and operations.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.446-452
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• 2021

우리나라 생활수준의 향상과 더불어 식품소비의 양적인 요구가 충족되면서, 세분화된 식품의 기호 성향을 충족시킬 수 있는 닭고기 소비가 증가하고 있다. 2003년 3월 축산물 품질평가원에서 고시(농림부 고시 제2003-14호)한 닭 도체 품질판정세부기준은 닭 도체 부위별 이물질 부착, 피·멍의 크기 및 중량에 따라 품질 등급을 기준을 제시하였다. 그러나 현실적으로 검사관 개개인의 주관적인 평가 기준으로 적용된 고시로 수천 마리의 닭 도체 등급판정을 유지하기가 어려운 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 닭 도체 품질 세부기준에 따라 닭 도체 부위 분할하기 위해 비접촉/비파괴방식인 컴퓨터 시각 기술 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 실시간으로 빠르게 움직이는 닭 도체를 부위 분할하기 위하여 조명 외란에 강인하도록 보정하는 과정과 닭 도체와 배경을 구분하기 위한 EM(Expectation maximization), Erosion 및 Labeling 알고리즘, 그리고 닭 도체의 기하학적 형태를 분석하여 부위별 특징점을 찾고 점들의 위치를 계산하여 부위를 분할 할 수 있는 알고리즘을 사용하였다. 총 78마리의 닭 도체 샘플에 대하여 제안한 영상처리 알고리즘을 적용한 결과 닭 도체 부위 분할 알고리즘이 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2017

Objective: Polymorphisms occurring in the precursor region of microRNAs (miRNAs) affect the target gene and alter the biogenesis of miRNAs, resulting in phenotypic variation. The purpose of the study was to investigate the genetic effects of rs16681031 (C>G) mutation in the precursor region of gga-miR-1658 on the economic traits of the Gushi-Anka chicken F2 resource population. Methods: To explore the effect of miR-1658 polymorphisms on chicken economic traits, the SNP was genotyped by MassArray matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The association between the SNP and chicken body size, growth and carcass traits was determined by linear mixed models. Results: The SNP was not only significantly associated with body weight at the age of 6, 8, 10, 12 weeks, respectively, but also with the breadth of the chicken chest, body slanting length and pelvic breadth at 4 weeks, chest depth at 8 weeks of age, and body slanting length at 12 weeks (p<0.05), respectively. Conclusion: Our data serve as a useful resource for further analysis of miRNA function, and represent a molecular genetic basis for poultry breeding.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.180-190
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• 2021

This study aimed to determine the carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens based on the slaughter age (28, 30, 32, and 34 days). The carcass characteristics included live and carcass weights, carcass rate, dressing rate, and retail cut weight. The meat quality properties were determined through proximate composition, pH, color, water holding capacity (WHC), cooking yield, and shear-force. The broiler chicken live, carcass, breast, thigh, and wing weights significantly increased with the slaughter age (p < 0.05); the tenderloin weight also exhibited a similarly increasing trend. However, the carcass rate of the day 28 sample was significantly lower than the other samples (p < 0.05). The protein and ash contents of the breast exhibited an increasing trend with increasing slaughter age. The protein content of the thigh of the day 28 sample was significantly lower than that of the other samples (p < 0.05), while the ash contents of the day 28 and 30 samples were significantly lower. The redness of the breast showed an increasing trend, and the pH and lightness of the thigh exhibited a decreasing trend with slaughter age. The WHC and cooking yields of the day 30 and 32 breast and thigh samples were significantly higher than those of the day 28 and 34 samples (p < 0.05). The breast and thigh shear-force of the day 30-34 samples were significantly higher than those of the day 28 sample (p < 0.05). The present study showed that even with a twoday difference in slaughter age, the broiler chicken meat quality showed a significant difference in several characteristics.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.277-284
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• 1994

The functional properties of mechanically deboned chicken meat(MDCM) from whole carcass, whole carcass without exsanguination, neck without skin, leg hone, and upper back and rib were studied. Also, the effects of adding different levels of gelatin and MDCM to the comminuted meats were investigated. Proximate composition values of MDCM ranged from 54.2 to 68.6% moisture, 14.5 to 19.7% protein, 12.3 to 30.1% fat, and 1.1 to 1.3% ash. The MDCM from leg hone had a higher content of fat, and a lower contents of moisture and protein. The MDCM from neck without skin tended to be opposite to the MDCM from leg hone. The total pigment and myoglobin levels were highest in MDCM from whole carcass without exsanguination such as 3.83 and 0.29 rng /g, and those from the other parts were 1.58~2.93 mg /g and 0. 17~0.31 mg /g, respectively. The emulsifying capacity and water holding capacity were highest in MDCM from neck without skin which contained lower levels of fat, collagen and hydroxyproline, but a higher level of salt soluble protein. The emulsifying capacity of comminuted meat decreased as gelatin content increased. The extractability of hydroxyproline from gelatin showed a higher solubility in acidic solution. The MDCM could he added up to 20% level without detrimentally affecting functional properties of comminuted meats although they had less water holding capacity and cooking loss as the proportion of MDCM increased.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.763-768
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• 2012

This study has been performed to measure the prevalence and microbial flora on chicken slaughtering as well as the processing process from the months of October to November. Whole-chicken rinsing technique was used in order to analyze the incidence of microorganisms on chicken carcass at the stage before chilling (after evisceration), after chilling and after cutting. The swab technique was used on processing the processed samples, such as working plates and cutting knives. Brine and cooling water from four cooling tubs were taken from each processing processes and were used as samples. Furthermore, the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) for whole cell fingerprinting in combination with a dedicated bioinformatic software tool was used to identify the isolated microorganisms. Of the tested samples and processes, brine ($4.50{\pm}0.64$ Log CFU/mL) and chicken carcass before chilling ($4.15{\pm}0.46$ Log CFU/mL) showed the highest population of microorganisms; the predominant microbial flora of them were Moellerella wisconsensis (54.84%), a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, and Escherichia coli (60.36%), respectively. However, the predominant microbial flora of cut carcass was changed to Staphylococcus aureus (27.32%), which is a kind of pathogenic microorganism that can cause a food-borne illness. Therefore, the slaughtering and processing procedure of chicken are needed to be controlled more hygienically.