Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2011.10312

Evaluation of Growth, Carcass, Immune Response and Stress Parameters in Naked Neck Chicken and Their Normal Siblings under Tropical Winter and Summer Temperatures  

Rajkumar, U. (Project Directorate on Poultry)
Reddy, M.R. (Project Directorate on Poultry)
Rao, S.V. Rama (Project Directorate on Poultry)
Radhika, K. (Project Directorate on Poultry)
Shanmugam, M. (Project Directorate on Poultry)
Publication Information
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences / v.24, no.4, 2011 , pp. 509-516 More about this Journal
Abstract
The performance of naked neck and normal chicken was evaluated with respect to growth, carcass, immune, biochemical and stress parameters under winter and summer seasons to assess the suitability of naked neck birds under high temperatures in the global scenario of climate change. The growth performance was significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) higher in naked neck chicken in the summer season. The dressing percentage was significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) higher in naked neck birds in both winter and summer season because of reduced plumage. The thigh, giblet and feather proportion significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) varied between naked neck and normal chickens in summer season. The humeral immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV) and cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) did not show any significant differences among the chicken groups. The protein and cholesterol concentration observed was within the normal ranges. The total cholesterol levels in plasma were significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) lower in naked neck birds in both the seasons. H:L ratio was significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) lower in summer season indicating less stress in naked neck chicken. Basophil and eosinophil concentration was significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) higher in normal chicken in summer. The lipid peroxidation was higher in full feathered birds under summer stress. The enzyme glutathione reductase (GR) levels were significantly higher during the summer and varied significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) between the normal and naked neck chicken in both seasons. The results indicated that the naked neck birds performed significantly better at high ambient temperatures with respect to growth, carcass and biochemical parameters. It was concluded that the ability of the naked neck chicken to adapt to high temperatures foresees a viable option for the biological mitigation of climate change.
Keywords
Naked Neck Chicken; Growth; Carcass; Stress; Climate Change;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 3  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 4
연도 인용수 순위
1 Miranda, K. M., M. G. Espey and D. A. Wink. 2001. A rapid, simple spectrophotometric method for simultaneous detection of nitrate and nitrite. Nitric Oxide. 5:62-71.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Paglia, D. E. and W. N. Valentine. 1967. Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidise. Lab. Clin. Med. 70:158-169.
3 Patra, B. N., R. K. S. Bais, R. B. Prasad and B. P. Singh. 2002. Performance of naked neck versus normally feathered coloured broilers for growth, carcass traits and blood biochemical parameters in tropical climate. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15:1776-1783.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
4 Patra, B. N., R. K. S. Bais, D. Sharma, B. P. Singh, R. B. Prasad and R. Bhushan, 2004. Immunocompetence status of white plumage naked neck versus normally feathered broilers in tropical climate. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 17:560-563.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
5 Placer, Z. A., L. L. Cushman and B. C. Johnoson. 1966. Estimation of product of lipid peroxidation (melanyl dialdehyde) in biochemical systems. Anal. Biochem. 16:359-364.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 El Safty, S. A., U. M. Ali and M. M. Fathi. 2005. Immnological parameters and laying performance of naked neck and normally feathered genotypes of chicken under winter conditions of Egypt. Proc. 4th European Poult. Genet. Symp., Croatia, p. 18.
7 Fathi, M. M., A. H. El-Attar, U. M. Ali and A. Nazmi. 2008. Effect of the neck neck gene on carcass composition and immune competence in chicken. Br. Poult. Sci. 49:103-110.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Freeman, B. M. 1987. The stress syndrome. World's Poult. Sci. J. 43:15-19.   DOI
9 Galal, A. and M. M. Fathi. 2001. Improving carcass yield of chicken by introducing naked neck and frizzle genes under hot prevailing conditions. Egyptian Poult. Sci. 21:339-362.
10 Horst, P. 1987. Animal genetic resources and potential for resource development in the tropics with special reference to Malaysia. Mal. Appl. Biol. 16:13-22.
11 Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2001. Working Group II. Impacts, adaptations and vulnerability. Available at www:grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg2/005.html.
12 Lin, H., H. C. Jiao, J. Byse and E. Decuypre. 2006. Strategies for preventing heat stress in poultry. World's Poult. Sci. J. 62:71-86.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Lowry, O. H., N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr and R. J. Randall. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin-Phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265-275.
14 Macleod, M. G. and P. M. Hocking. 1993. Thermoregulation at high ambient temperatures in genetically fat lean broiler hens fed ad libitum or on controlled feeding regime. Br. Poult. Sci. 34:589-596.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Magothe, T. M., W. B. Muhuyi and A. K. Kahi. 2010. Influence of major genes for crested-head, frizzle-feather and naked neck on body weights and growth patterns of indigenous chickens reared intensively in Kenya. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 42:173-183.   DOI
16 Almeida, A. M. and U. Zuber. 2010. The effect of naked neck genotype (NaNa), feeding and outdoor rearing of on growth and carcass characteristics of free range broilers in hot climate. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 42:99-107.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Cahaner, A., N. Deeb and M. Gutman. 1993. Effects of the plumage-reducing naked neck (Na) gene on the performance of fast-growing broilers at normal and high ambient temperature. Poult. Sci. 72:767-775.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Al Murrani, W. K., I. K. Al Raw and N. M. Roaf. 2002. Genetic resistance to salmonella typhimurium in two lines of chickens selected as resistant and sensitive on the basis of the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio. Br. Poult. Sci. 43:501-507.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Altan, O., A. Pabuccuoglu, A. Altan, S. Konyalioglu and H. Bayraktar. 2003. Effect of heat stress, lipid peroxidation and some stress parameters in broilers. Br. Poult. Sci. 44:545-550.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Altan, O., A. Altan, I. Oguz, A. Pabuccuoglu and S. Konyalioglu. 2000. Effects of heat stress on growth, some blood variables and lipid oxidation in broilers exposed to high temperatures at an early age. Br. Poult. Sci. 41:498-493.
21 Cahaner, A., Y. Pinchosov, Y. Nir and Z. Litzan. 1995. Effects of dietary protein under high ambient temperature on body weight gain, breast meat yield and abdominal fat deposition of broilers stocking differing in growth rate and fatness. Poult. Sci. 74:968-975.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Cohen, G., D. Dembiec and J. Marcus. 1970. Measurement of catalase in tissue extract. Anal. Biochem. 34:30-38.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Davison, T. F., L. G. Rowel and H. K. Parmentier. 1983. Effects of dietary corticosterone on peripheral blood lymphocytes and granulocyte population in immature domestic fowl. Res. Vet. Sci. 34:236-239.
24 Yahav, S. 2009. Alleviating heat stress in domestic fowl: different strategies. World's Poult. Sci. J. 65:719-732.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Thayer, S. G. and C. W. Beard. 1998. Serologic procedures; In: A laboratory manual for the isolation and identification of avian pathogens. 4th edition. pp. 248-254.
26 Weaver Jr., W. D. 2002. Poultry housing. In: Commercial chicken meat and egg production, 5th edition, (Ed. Donald D. Bell and William D. Weaver Jr.). pp. 102-103.
27 Wegman, G. and O. Smithies. 1966. A simple hemaggltination system requiring small amounts of red cells and antibodies. Transfusion 6:67.   DOI
28 Yahav, S., D. Luger, A. Cahaner, M. Dotan, M. Rusal and S. Hurwitz. 1998. Thermoregulation in naked neck chicken subjected to different ambient temperature. Br. Poult. Sci. 39:133-138.   DOI
29 Rajkumar, U., B. L. N. Reddy, K. S. Rajaravindra, M. Niranjan, T. K. Bhattacharya, R. N. Chatterjee, A. K. Panda, M. R. Reddy and R. P. Sharma. 2010a. Effect of Naked neck gene on Immune competence, Serum biochemical and Carcass traits in chicken under tropical climate. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 23:867-872.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Zulkifli, I., R. T. Dass and M. T. Che Norma. 1999. The heat stress effects on physiology and fear related behaviour in red jungle fowl and domestic fowl. Canadian J. Anim. Sci. 79:165-170.   DOI
31 Rajkumar, U., K. S. Rajaravindra, M. Niranjan, B. L. N. Reddy, T. K. Bhattacharya, R. N. Chatterjee and R. P. Sharma. 2010b. Evaluation of Naked neck broiler genotypes under tropical environment. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 80:463-466.
32 Raju, M. V. L. N., G. Shyam Sunder, M. M. Chawak, S. V. Rama Rao and V. R. Sadagopan. 2004. Response of naked neck (Nana) and normal (nana) broilers chickens to dietary energy levels in a subtropical climate. Br. Poult. Sci. 45:186-193.   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Singh, B., B. P. Singh, S. Singh, D. Chaudhary and C. Malik. 1998. Naked neck; a noble gene for broiler production in tropical climate. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 13:37-48.   DOI
34 Reddy, B. L. N., R. P. Sharma, M. Niranjan and R. N. Chatterjee. 2008. Evaluation of performance of Naked neck (Na/Na,Na/na) and dwarf (dw/dw, dw/-) gene lines under low selection intensity. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 78:975-79.
35 Reddy, M. R., N. K. Praharaj, S. V. Rama Rao, B. L. N. Reddy and G. Shyamsunder. 1998. Immunecompetence and growth performance of naked neck and full feathered broilers fed different nutrient regimes. In Procedings vol. II, 10th European conference, Jerusalem, Israel.
36 SAS institute. 2009. User's Guide Version, 9.2, 2002-2009, SAS institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
37 Singh, C. V., D. Kumar and Y. P. Singh. 2001. Potential usefulness of the plumage reducing naked neck (Na) gene in poultry production at normal and high ambient temperatures. World's Poult. Sci. J. 57:139-156.   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Sturkie, P. D. 1946. Tolerance of adult chickens to hypothermia. Am. J. Physiol. 147:531-536.
39 Maxwell, M. H., G. M. Robertson, M. A. Mitchell and A. J. Carlisle. 1992. The fine structure of broiler chicken blood cells, with particular reference to basophils after severe heat stress. Comp. Hem. Int. 2:190-200.   DOI
40 Mc Cord, J. M. 2000. The evaluation of radicals and oxidative stress. Am. J. Med. 108:652-659.   DOI   ScienceOn
41 Merat, P. 1986. Potential usefulness of the Na (naked neck) gene in poultry production. World's Poult. Sci. J. 42:124-142.   DOI
42 Merat, P. 1990. Major genes in fowls (Gallus gallus): genes other than those affecting size. Anim. Prod. 3:355-368.