• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2023

본 연구는 혈중 비타민 E 농도와 대사증후군의 관련성을 살펴보고 비타민 E의 신체에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 한다. 분석 자료는 질병관리본부에서 시행한 국민건강영양조사 제7기 3차 (2018년도) 자료를 사용하였으며 본 연구에서는 만 19세 이상 성인은 대상으로 혈중 비타민 E의 농도를 검사한 대상자 중 남자 944명, 여자 1,080명을 최종 분석하였다. 자료 분석은 일반적 특성에 따른 혈중 비타민 E 농도 차이는 Chi-square와 t- test로, 혈청 비타민 E 농도와 대사증후군 하부요인들 간의 관계는 Pearson 상관관계로, 혈중 비타민 E 농도와 관련된 대사증후군 지표는 로지스틱 회귀분석을 하였다. 대사증후군의 하부요인과 혈중 비타민 E의 회귀분석 결과 HDL-cholesterol이 정상군이 과잉군에 비해 높았으며(OR:1.042, CI:1.028-1.056), 중성지방도 정상군에 비해 유의미하게 높았다(OR:1.010, CI:1.009-1.012)(p<0.01). 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 환자의 연령에 맞는 영양 및 건강프로그램을 개발할 것을 제안한다.

• 물과 미래
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 1974

The records of wave heights which were observed at Muk ho and Po hang of the East Coast of Korea were analized by several probility functions. The exponential 2 parameter distribution was found as the best fit probability function to the historical distribution of wave heights by the test of goodness of fit. But log-normal 2 parameter and log-extremal type A distributions were also fit to the historical distribution, especially in the Smirnov-Kolmogorov test. Therefore, it can't be always regarded that those two distributions are not fit to the wave heiht's distribution. In the test of goodness of fit, the Chi-Square test gave very sensitive results and Smirnov-Kolmogorov test, which is a distribution free and non-parametric test, gave more inclusive results. At the next stage, the inter-relationship between the mean and the one-third wave heights, the mean and the one-=tenth wave heights, the one-third and the one-tenth wave heights, the one-third and the highest wave heights were obtained and discussed.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2003

Background and Purpose. Physical therapists are at risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Little understand the characteristics of work in physical therapist or the effort they take to prevent injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of work in physical therapist and the efforts for prevent injury Subjects. Standardized questionnaire was administered to 103 physical therapist in Pusan association. Methods. An questionnaire was given to each subject. Questions investigated the characteristics of work in physical therapist, efforts and caring of injury prevention. Chi-square Test used to assess the association of general characteristics with the characteristics of work in physical therapist. AVONA and T-test used to assess the association of efforts of prevent injury in independent variable Results. Physical therapist was reported a higher prevalence of WMSDs in most body areas. These attributes sometimes resulted in behaviors that contributed to the development of their WMSDs.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.93-112
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to clarify which some factors among the socio-demographic factors have effect on the housewives behavior on how to buy small electric appliances and how to use them. The questionnaires were distributed in July 1985 to 491 housewives in Seoul. Satistical methods as percentage, frequency, arithmetic mean, chi-square test, t-test and F-test were used for data analysis. RESULTS : 1) The average rate of possessing the automatic rice cooker is 87.8%, the electric frypan is 81.0%, the toaster is 36.9% and the blender is 86.9%. 2. Generally the frequency of use were low. 3) Generally their knowledge on small electric appliances is low. 4) The ability of management in blender was influenced by age, education and in automatic rice cooker was influenced by only education.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.298-306
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• 2023

Objective: Pain following the insertion of separators and archwires varies with age, sex, race, ethnicity, threshold, and health status. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of pain in orthodontic patients after the insertion of elastomeric separators, its effects on daily life, and its association with age and sex in a population not previously studied in this regard. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 130 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment included collecting data on demographics, pain experienced following the placement of separators, time of onset, duration, characteristics, change in dietary pattern or chewing side, intake of analgesics, and severity of pain on the Wong Baker's scale. The results are reported as counts and percentages. Associations between sex and age were evaluated using Pearson's chi-square test. Results: Among the 130 patients, 56.2% were 9-20 years old, 63.8% experienced pain following the insertion of separators, 22.9% had their first episode of pain at 4 hours, 56.6% experienced intermittent pain, and 37.3% experienced discomfort; 18.1% males and 81.9% females experienced pain following the insertion of separators. Pearson's chi-square test showed a significant association between pain and sex (P = 0.04). Most patients (37.3%) reported "hurts little more" for pain intensity on Wong Baker's scale and 21.7% reported all four quadrants as sites of pain. Conclusions: The pain experienced after separator insertion was associated with sex and age. Females experienced more pain than males and patients between the age range of 21 and 36 years suffered more pain during mastication than between 9 and 20 years old.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2016

최근 노인 인구의 증가로 노인들의 삶의 질과 관련하여 구강건강에 관한 관심도 크게 증가하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 치매, 치매의심, 정상인 세 그룹으로 나누어 여성 노인들의 잔존 치아 수와의 관련성에 대해서 조사하였다. 일부 지역사회에 거주하는 경로당을 방문한 60세 이상 여성 노인 177명의 구강 상태와 그들의 MMSE 점수로 인지기능을 평가하였다. 모든 자료는 SPSS를 이용하여 chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, multiful logistic regression 통계기법을 이용하여 분석하였다. Multiful logistic regression으로 MMSE 점수에 따른 치매와 잔존 치아 수와의 관련성을 분석하였고, 95% 신뢰구간으로 정하였다. 치매가 있는 대상자가 잔존 치아수가 0-10개로 적을 위험비가 3.53배(95% confidence interval: 1.382-8.997) 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 여성 노인들에서 MMSE 점수에 따른 치매와 잔존 치아 수 사이에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 조사되었다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2006

액체섬광계수기를 이용하여 환경시료를 분석하는 모든 과정에서 계측 조건 및 방법론 차이에 의한 불확실성이 존재할 수 있을 것으로 판단하여 본 연구에서는 이에 대한 평가를 정량적으로 수행함으로써 비교적 정확하게 환경시료를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 변수를 도출한 후 각 변수에 대한 영향을 평가한 결과, 분석시료를 제조하는 과정에서의 인적 및 물리적인 불확실성은 무시할 정도로 미미하였고, 측정용기의 무게 차이에 따른 영향은 나타나지 않았다. 외부선원의 조사시간을 단계적으로 증가시킨 결과 시간이 증가함에 따라 데이터의 분산 정도는 감소하면서 $75{\sim}90$ sec에서 포화상태에 도달하였고, Repeat 방법이 Replicate 방법에 비해 데이터의 신뢰성이 높게 나타났다. 또한 방치시간에 따른 영향을 평가한 결과 분석 냉 암소에서 약 1,000 min 이상 방치시킨 후 시료에 대한 분석을 수행해야만 잔상 및 이상 유동에 의한 영향은 거의 없는 것을 알 수 있었고, 결과에 대한 검증을 수행하기 위해 방사능 오차분석과 함께 Chi-square test를 수행한 결과 신뢰성 있는 결과를 보여주었으며 이러한 분석 및 검증 결과에 근거하여 계측 결과에 대한 오차 및 불확실성을 감소시킬 수 있었다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.663-671
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• 2017

Some genetic association tests include an unidentifiable nuisance parameter under the null hypothesis of no association. When the mode of inheritance (MOI) is not specified in a case-control design, the Cochran-Armitage (CA) trend test contains an unidentifiable nuisance parameter. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) in a family-based association study that includes the unaffected also contains an unidentifiable nuisance parameter. The hypothesis tests that include an unidentifiable nuisance parameter are typically performed by taking a supremum of the CA tests or TDT over reasonable values of the parameter. The p-values of the supremum test statistics cannot be obtained by a normal or chi-square distribution. A common method is to use a Davies's upper bound of the p-value instead of an exact asymptotic p-value. In this paper, we provide a unified sine-cosine process expression of the CA trend test that does not specify the MOI and the TDT that includes the unaffected. We also present a closed form expression of the exact asymptotic formulas to calculate the p-values of the supremum tests when the score function can be written as a linear form in an unidentifiable parameter. We illustrate how to use the derived formulas using a pharmacogenetics case-control dataset and an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder family-based example.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to develope and analyze a test for the assessment of physics inquiry experiment. To do this, three experiments about 'analysis of motion', 'the relation of force and acceleration', and 'free fall motion' in high school physics textbooks were chosen, and 5 scientific inquiry domains and 16 science process skills have been specified. For each experiments, test sheet of $29{\sim}44$ questions for assessing students' ability about physics inquiry experiment were developed on the basis of the scientific inquiry processes developed earlier. After instruction about 3 experiments mentioned above, a test was administered to the students who took experiment. After the adminstration of a test, the ratio of correct answers, discrimination index, and reliability were analyzed. Using the ratio of correct answers, we can determine item difficulty. Through the D.I(discrimination index), we can find which items can discriminate the students who took experiment well from those who took experiment badly, and we can also find the stability of a test result by the reliability analysis. The test developed in this study were also administered to the students who did not take experiments, and the results were compared with the those of the students who took experiments. With the comparison by chi-square method, we could find which items can discriminate the students who took experiments from those who did not take experiments.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.503-513
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 항암화학요법을 받는 고형암 환자를 대상으로 구강관리 개별교육과 냉동요법 및 벤지다민 구강함수를 포함한 구강관리 프로토콜 적용이 대상자의 구강상태와 수행에 미치는 효과를 파악하기 위함이다. 총 연구 대상자는 31명이었으며, 실험군에 13명, 대조군에 18명이 배정되었다. 실험군에게는 구강관리교육, 냉동요법 및 벤지다민 구강함수를 적용하였으며 대조군은 기존의 구강간호를 제공하였고, 대상자의 구강상태와 자가간호 수행정도를 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 Mann-Whitney test, Friedman test, 및 Chi-square test로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 매 측정 시기 별 두 그룹 간 구강상태의 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 두 그룹 모두 측정시기에 따른 구강상태의 변화는 유의하였는데 항암치료 후 14일경에 구강상태점수가 가장 낮게 측정되었다. 자가간호 수행정도는 실험군이 대조군보다 유의하게 높았으며 연구 완료 후 4개월까지 유지되는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 종양간호사에 의한 환자개별교육의 효과로 여겨지며 고형암 환자의 구강상태 개선을 위하여 냉동요법과 벤지다민 구강함수에 대한 효과를 파악하기 위한 추가적인 연구가 요구된다.