• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.15 no.8
• /
• pp.2974-2992
• /
• 2021

Crowd-based outsourcing is an emerging trend in testing, which integrates advantages of crowd-based outsourcing in software testing. Open call format is used to accomplish various network tasks involving different types of testing levels and techniques at various places by software testers. Crowd-sourced software testing can lead to an improper testing process as if it does not allocate the right task to the right crowd with required skills and not choose the right crowd; it can lead to huge results, which become time-consuming and challenging crowd-source manager for the identification of improper one. The primary purpose of this research is to make crowd-based outsourced software testing more effective and reliable by relating association between the software tester, personality characteristic, and different levels of software testing, i.e., unit, integration, and system, in order to find appropriate personality characteristic for required testing level. This research has shown an observed experiment to determine which software testing level suits which personality characteristic tester in a crowd-based software testing environment. A total of 1000 software testers from different software houses and firms in Pakistan were registered to perform tasks at different software testing levels. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) test is used to identify each tester's personality characteristic involved in this research study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.359-366
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of the leisure constraint of a private security guard on his/her task stress and life satisfaction. The subjects of this study were chosen among the private security guards working in Seoul based private security firms in 2009, and by going through judgement sampling, 300 cases were applied in the final analysis. Collected data went through factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and path analysis by using SPSSWIN 17.0. In reference with the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's $\alpha$ was over .600. The conclusion of this study is as following. Firstly, the leisure constraint of a private security guard affects his/her task stress. In other words, when peripheral and individual constraint increase, task stress is intensified, while task stress winds down when interpersonal constraint decreases. Secondly, the leisure constraint of a private security guard affects life satisfaction. That is, when individual constraint goes down, life satisfaction is improved. Thirdly, the task stress of a private security guard affects life satisfaction. when compensation and career development increase, life satisfaction rises. On the other hand when task characteristic is weakened, life satisfaction gets lower. Fourthly, the leisure constraint of a private security guard has a causal influence on task stress and life satisfaction. Accordingly, it becomes apparent that the task stress is a significant variable which intermediates the relation between leisure constraint and life satisfaction.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.35 no.7
• /
• pp.800-817
• /
• 2002

It is not stipulated concretely in the Food Sanitation Act what the standardized school food service dieticians indices and the dietician's duties and task elements should be. Therefore, this study was required. The specific purposes of this study were : a) to define the school food service dietician's duties and task elements, b) to estimate the performance frequency and work hours of the dietician's duties and task elements c) to investigate the job specification of the dietician over school food services, d) to develop the standardized indices of the dietician needed in school food service operation. For this study, school food service dietician's work functions were defined in 10 duties and 60 task elements based on the studies precedented and literature review and pilot test process. This study was conducted in school food service systems nationwide using written questionnaire and interview with the official in charge and delphi technique. The questionnaires were mailed to the dieticians of three types of school food service systems. Of the 660 schools that participated in this study, the 624 responses were selected for analysis. Statistical analyses were performed with SAS/Win 6.12 program so as to provide a descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA. The main results of this study could be summarized as follows: A characteristic common to all the school food service systems was that 'cooking and distribution management' took the longest hours of work, while 'nutrition education' took the shortest hours of work. The standardized index of dietician over school food service was one person in conventional system independently of the number of meals per day. In the commissary system, according to the numbers of meals served per day, it was 0.95-1.38 persons and 1.27-1.55 persons and 1.40-1.91 persons. In joint management system, the standardized index was 1.03-1.42 persons in case of serving less than 700 meals per day.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.466-478
• /
• 2020

Background: Job training influences the overall working environment and worker's well-being. The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between job training and subjective well-being in accordance with occupations and understand the influence of task characteristics-work creativity and task variety (WCTV)-on the effect of training. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey was conducted on 50,205 workers in the Republic of Korea. The World Health Oorganization-5 well-being index was used to measure their subjective well-being. The relationship between job training and subjective well-being was divided in accordance with the level of WCTV. Results: Training paid for by employer showed a negative effect on subjective well-being when received for more than 3 days (OR 0.88, p<0.01) in the last 12 months. Training paid for by oneself showed a positive linkage with well-being when the level of training was 1-3 days (Odds ratio = 1.55, p<0.001). This result showed different aspects in accordance with the level of WCTV. For the high WCTV group, the aforementioned results were reaffirmed, but for the group with low WCTV, job training did not show a statistically significant result on well-being. On-the-job training was not related to subjective well-being regardless of the level of WCTV. Conclusion: Job training had different effects on subjective well-being depending on the type and frequency of training, as well as the WCTV. It is imperative to comprehensively apply different types of job training in accordance with the characteristics of occupations to uplift workers' well-being.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2013

This study examined the perception of two Korean vowels using F1/F2 manipulated synthetic vowels. Previous studies indicated that there is an overlap between the acoustic spaces of Korean /o/ and /u/ in terms of the first two formants. A continuum of eleven synthetic vowels were used as stimuli. The experiment consisted of three tasks: an /o/ identification task (Yes-no), an /u/ identification task (Yes-no), and a forced choice identification task (/o/-/u/). ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis and logistic regression were performed to calculate the boundary criterion of the two vowels along the stimulus continuum, and to predict the perceptual judgment on F1 and F2. The result indicated that the location between stimulus no.5 (F1 = 342Hz, F2 = 691Hz) and no.6 (F1 = 336Hz, F2 = 700Hz) was estimated as a perceptual boundary region between /o/ and /u/, while stimulus no.0 (F1=405Hz, F2=666Hz) and no.10 (F1=321Hz, F2=743Hz) were at opposite ends of the continuum. The influence of F2 was predominant over F1 on the perception of the vowel categories.

• Knowledge Management Research
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.97-122
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between knowledge sharing antecedents and knowledge sharing intention in a financial institute and knowledge sharing behavior, knowledge sharing behavior and knowledge sharing performance. This paper first reviews the influencing factors of knowledge sharing and presents the research framework on knowledge sharing with categorized four factors such as structural factors, relational factors, personal and task characteristics. Based on a research framework, survey analysis was conducted with financial institution members. This paper examined the relationship between antecedents of knowledge sharing and knowledge sharing intention, knowledge sharing intention and knowledge sharing behavior. Also it analyzed the relationship between knowledge sharing behavior and the knowledge sharing performance. As a result, the paper suggested that the knowledge sharing intention consist of two dimensions. The first is voluntary knowledge sharing intention. The second is solicited knowledge sharing intention. The former has a significant positive relationship with the innovativeness, communication, personal creative propensity and perception of the knowledge sharing. The later has a significant positive relationship with the task interdependence but has a significant negative relationship with the knowledge sharing evaluation system. Knowledge sharing intention has a significant positive relationship with the knowledge sharing behavior. Also knowledge sharing behavior has a significant positive relationship with the knowledge sharing performance. Finally, the implications and limitations of the study are discussed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.18-28
• /
• 1996

This study was carried out to explore the direction of job involvement of public health nurses and explore the way for improving services of public health center in Korea. The subjects were consisted of 164 nurses who were working at public health centers in Chonbuk. The data were collected by self-reporting questionnaire from Jan. 15 to Jan. 27, 1996. The instrument used in this study was Likert-type scale which Job Involvement Scale developed by Kanungo. The questionnaires of organizational and job characteristic were made through reviewing literatures. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient with SPSSPC+ program. Major findings were as follows : 1. Mean scores for job involvement were 3.0879 on a 5 point scale. 2. In the personal variables, professional experience(t=-2.18, p=.031), position(t=2.34, p=.021), and age(F=-1.94, p=.038) were statistically significant in job involvement. 3. The variables to job characteristic were statistically significant in job involvement: job challenge (r=.4785, p=.000), role ambiguity (r=-.3141, p=.000), task significance (r=.2714, p=.000), and role conflict(r=-.2166, p=.003). 4. The variables to organizational characteristic were statistically significant in job involvement : formalization(r=.3184, p=.000) and human centered organizational characteristic (r=.2450, p=.001).

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.107-113
• /
• 2015

This study analyzed the effect of the factors of introducing information technology(organizational and environmental characteristics) on non-financial performance. As detailed variables of each characteristic, the technical support/task force, users' IT capability, and education/training were used for the organizational characteristics while the degree of competition, external pressure, and uncertainty of environment were used for the environmental characteristics. In the results of the analysis, such factors like technical support/task force, users' IT capability, and education/training of the organizational characteristics had significant influence on non-financial performance. Also, factors such as degree of competition, external pressure, and uncertainty of environment of the environmental characteristics had significant influence on non-financial performance.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.118-127
• /
• 2015

The power consumption of 3D many-core processors can be reduced, and the power delivery of such processors can be improved by introducing voltage island (VI) design using on-chip voltage regulators. With the dramatic growth in the number of cores that are integrated in a processor, however, it is infeasible to adopt per-core VI design. We propose a 3D many-core processor architecture that consists of multiple voltage clusters, where each has a set of cores that share an on-chip voltage regulator. Based on the architecture, the steady state temperature is analyzed so that the thermal characteristic of each voltage cluster is known. In the voltage scaling and task scheduling stages, the thermal characteristics and communication between cores is considered. The consideration of the thermal characteristics enables the proposed VI formation to reduce the total energy consumption, peak temperature, and temperature gradients in 3D many-core processors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 2004

As the internet service evolves fast recently, guarantee request of QoS (Quality of Service) by characteristic of traffic source as well as high rate of data is going greatest. Accordingly intemet service technology also is changing rapidly, technology that guarantee QoS in existent network service technology is developed or network model that guarantee new QoS is presented. By DiffServ-aware-MPLS network that present in IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) to guarantee QoS in this treatise does comparative analysis with existent network model, relative show that is superior, and present direction that compose next generation network wish to.