• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.291-315
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• 2019

The aim of the present study was to compare the research trends on disinformation between Korean and abroad. To achieve this objective, a total of 283 author-assigned English keywords in 104 Korean papers and 3,551 author-assigned English keywords in 861 abroad papers were collected from the whole research fields and the publication periods. The collected data were analyzed using NetMiner V.4 to discover their 'degree centrality' and 'betweenness centrality'of the keyword network. The result are as follows. First, the major research topics of disinformation in Korea were drawn such as 'Freedom of Expression', 'Fact Check', 'Regulation', 'Media Literacy', and 'Information Literacy' in order; whereas, in abroad were shown like 'Social Media', 'Post Truth', 'Propaganda', 'Information Literacy', and 'Journalism' in order. Second, in terms of the influence of research topics related to disinformation, in Korea were identified such as 'Fact Check', 'Freedom of Expression', and 'Hoax' in order; whereas, in abroad were shown such as 'Social Media' and 'Detection' in order. Finally, in an aspect of intervention of research topics related to disinformation, in Korea were 'Fact Check', 'Polarization', 'Freedom of Expression', and 'Commercial'; whereas, in abroad were 'Social Media', 'Detection', and 'Machine Learning' in order.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.38
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• pp.223-284
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• 2005

Gwaebul, created during late Joseon dynasty, especially from 1885 to 1926, now exist 18 ones. And 12 of them are owned by Buddhist temples located in Seoul city and Gyeonggido province. Royal Tomb praised and Royal household praised Buddhist temples in early Joseon dynasty were supported by Royal Family. As a renovation of Buddhist temples by king Taejong's reign(1400-1418), they became impoverished with reduced Buddhist ceremony. But they maintained their lives in intimate connection with royal family, and went prosperous from late 18th century. At that times, a new trend in Gwaebul appeared, which have popular idea for wishing peace of the dead, the nation and the royal family. The new composition of painting expressed in Gwaebul starts in Amitabha-Triad paintings which carved in first volume of ${\ll}$Amita-yohaegyeong${\gg}$ made of wooden plate. And Gi-heoh(A.D. 1820-1872) carved it in 1853 at Naewonam Buddhist hermitage of Samgaksan mountain And a return of Suwolgwaneumdo which had been popularized in late Goryo dynasty is worth noticing as a new issue of late Joseon dynasty. It is related with a composition of Gwaebul that expressed 'a leading the dead to the good', a Buddhist consciousness of falsehood and fancy. The saturated and blurred style of painting, the fact that centralization-powered lineage of painter who used composition of multi-used basic pattern, are characteristics of this period.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.109-124
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• 2020

This study examines the concentration in terms of supply and consumption in the Korean movie market, focusing on screen size, nationality, and the box office. For analysis, it selects the top 100 movies in the box office each year for 15 years from 2005 to 2019. According to the result, the number of screens increased steadily every year, and the screen concentration became very high. For the top 100 movies, it increased from 12% to 30% of the total screen. It became higher in the case of the top 10 movies. As the number of screens increased, multiplex assigned more screens to one movie. Multiplex's screen allocation continued to increase, with one movie taking up more 60% of the total screen. This became more serious after 2011 and 2012. Market share of the top 100 movies accounted for about 95% of the total box office performance, even though the number of released movies is about 3,000. Whether multiplex preferred Hollywood movies or not, its screen assignment was found to favor Hollywood movies over Korean ones. In the case of film nationality, both Korean and Hollywood movies accounted for 90.7%. Two countries had a market share of 96.6%. There was no single side except Korea and the United States in the top 10. The increase in the number of screens deepened the concentration in screen allocation. The concentration in the screen allocation led to the concentration of consumption. The Korean film market is the case where the increase of movie screens did not create a diversity of supply and consumption. It also did not affect the diversity of film nationality. This research reveals that supplied concentration and consumed concentration are positively correlated, and that the former is a little lower than the latter.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.451-468
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• 2022

Leading enterprises in contract farming are in control of agricultural production and influence the structure of the agricultural system in contract areas. This study focuses on the contract farming of potatoes for manufacturing chips, which uses a high proportion of domestic raw materials, and identifies the characteristics of contract farming between confectionery company 𐩒 and potato farms in Haean-myeon, Yanggu-gun, Gangwon-do. This study also analyzes the impact of contract farming on local agriculture from the perspective of the industrialization of agriculture. The results of this study demonstrated that contracting companies ensured the quality of potatoes and smooth agricultural operations by first preferentially selecting farmhouses with land that is easy to work with and then supplying the necessary agricultural machinery to promote the intensification of their work. In addition, contracting companies influenced the centralization of the agriculture sector by selecting farmhouses capable of contracting over a certain scale and guaranteeing them sales channels and the specialization of potato farming in contract areas, mainly through the supply of processing varieties and the spread of cultivation technology. The results confirmed that these three dimensions of contract farming promoted the industrialization of local agriculture.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.347-367
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of YangSaeng exercise as a recreational activity for older adults. Twelve older adults who participated in the 'YangSaeng Exercise' at the S Senior Welfare Service Center were interviewed through purposeful sampling method. Each participant was interviewed two times, and data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's(1988) grounded theory method. Centralization was appeared as 'An addiction to YangSaeng exercise' and causal conditions were appeared as 'Visiting Welfare Center' and 'Participation in YangSaeng exercise program' and situational context were appeared as 'Self-management of old ages' and 'For possession of Independent Life' as the results of Axial Coding. Moreover, arbitrational conditions were 'Coexistence of Regret and Attraction' and interaction strategies were appeared as 'Accept', 'Effort and Easing Mind' and 'Share Together'. As a result, 'Appreciation', 'YangSaeng Exercise that comes in my Life' and 'Softly Pitapat' were derived. Core category of 'Living Joyfully with comforted and eased' was selected through outline of story which means it contains Positivity and Expectations, Acceptance and Acknowledgement, Satisfaction and Appreciation, and Commitment and Hope. Based on the findings, we acknowledge that YangSaeng exercise plays a role in improving quality of life of older adults as a recreational activity. This study sheds light on the possibility of implementing 'YangSaeng Exercise' as a health promotion activity among older adults.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.519-531
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the aspects and characteristics of educational innovation planned and implemented at the university site targeting universities in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam, and to explore their limitations and tasks. For this purpose, we analyzed the contents of innovation strategy programs among the plans of 17 universities in the national innovation support projects in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam area. First, the university innovation strategy was divided into input, process, infrastructure, and other factors, and among them, the process factor was divided into education, research, and industry-university cooperation to examine the aspects and characteristics of innovation. As a result of the study, the aspects of university innovation at universities in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam were analyzed in the areas of education, research, and industry-academia cooperation. Characteristics of innovation were emphasis on convergence education, competency development, smart system foundation, introduction of innovative teaching and learning techniques, consumer-centeredness, and regional linkage. The limitations and tasks of university innovation revealed through the research are as follows. First, a specialized university innovation business structure should be prepared in consideration of the context of local universities. Second, established strategies with high innovativeness must be implemented and sustained, and consensus among members is required for this. Third, the innovation of universities should not mean the centralization of academics, and the role and efforts of universities as a research institutions should be improved. Fourth, it should not be overlooked that more important than the visible innovation strategy of university innovation is the education innovation that occurs directly to students as a result of the education effect.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.23-39
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• 2004

The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 resulted not only in the establishment of the Socialist regime, but also in the critical changes in the Russian archival system. The Soviet government issued "Decree On the Reorganization and Centralization of Archival Affairs in the Russian Socialist Federated Soviet Republic", which prepared the ground for the archival administration in USSR. After having been revised and supplemented in the 1920's, the decree, signed by V. I. Lenin, was changed into "The Decree on the Archival Administration of Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic", by which the Bolshevik government was able not only to develop the conception of the State Archival Fond with the Single Archival Fond, but also to enlarge the archival collection. Besides, it was remarkable that the archival decree of 1929 provided the justification for actual developments of the archival institution. And from the practical point of view, the decree improved the archival affairs by means of the defining of the conservation period. It was at the beginning of the Stalin's period that the decree of 1929 was issued. Therefore, it may be said that the decree was one of the proofs as well as the agricultural collectivization and the industrialization that Stalin gained the overall control of the Soviet government. It was confirmed when the Second Conference of Soviet Archivists was held from 25 May to 1 June in 1929. After this meeting, M. N. Pokrovskii, who was the director of the Archival Administration in the course of the 1920's, lost the influence over the Soviet archival organizations, which meant that the autonomy of the Soviet archivists was reduced in a great degree. The Central Archival Administration of the Bolshevik regime experienced the analogous changes. It was changed into the Central Archival Agent in 1929 when the Stalinist system became strengthened. At the same time, it was significant that the Central Archival Administration of USSR was established. However, the Soviet archival affairs became under the direct control of the N. K. V. D. in the period of the Great Purge.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.5-8
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• 1981

This study concerns itself with the development of a new model of comprehensive health service for rural communities of Korea. The study was conceived to resolve the problems of both underservice in rural communities and underutilization of valuable health manpower, namely the nurses, the disenchanted elite health personnel in Korea. On review of the current situation, the greatest deficiencies in the Korean health care system were found in the availability of primary care at the peripheries of md communities, in the dissemination of knowledge of disease prevention and health care, and in the induction of and guidance for active participation by the clientele in health maintenance at the personal, family and community level Abundant untapped health resources were identified that could be brough to bear upon the national effort to extend health services to every member of the Korean Population. Therefore, it was Postulated that the problem of underservice in rural communities of Korea can be structurcturally resolved by the effective mobilization and organization of untapped health resources, and that. a primary care Nursing Service System offers the best possibility for fulfillment of rural health service goals within the current health man-power situation. In order to identify appropriate strategies to combat the present difficulties in Korean rural health services and to utilize nurses and other health personnel in community-centered health programs, a search was made for examples of innovative service models throughout the world. An extensive literature survey and field visits to project sites both in Korea and in the United States were made. Experts in the field of world health, health service, planners, administrators, and medical and nursing practitioners in Korea, in the United States as well as visitors from other Asian countries were widely consulted. On the basis of information and inputs from these experts a new rural health service model has been constructed within the conceptual framework of community development, especially of the innovation diffusion Model. It is considered especially important that citizens in each community develop capacities for self-care with assistance and supports from available health professionals and participate in health service-related decisions that affect their own well-being. The proposed model is based upon the regionalization of health care planning utilizing a comprehensive Nursing Service System at the immediate delivery level The model features: (1) a health administration unit at each administrative level; (2) mechanisms for community participation; (3) a continuous source of primary health care at the local community level; (4) relative centralization of specialty care and provision of tertiary or super-specialty care only at major national metropolitan centers; and (5) a system for patient referral to the appropriate level of care. This model has been built around professional nurses as the key community health workers because their training is particularly suited and because large numbers of well-trained nurses are currently available and being trained. The special element in this model is a professional nurse-guided, self-care facilitating primary care Community Nursing Service System. This is supported by a Nursing Extension Service as a new training and support structure. (See attached diagrams). A broad spectrum of programs was proposed for the Community Nursing Service System. These were designed to establish a balance of activities between the clinic-centered individual care component and the field activity-centered educational and supportive component of health care services. Examples of possible program alternatives and proposed guidelines for health care in specific situations were presented, as well as the roles and functions of the key health personnel within the Community Nursing Service System. This Rural Health Service Model was proposed as a real alternative to the maldistributed, inequitable, uncoordinated solo-practice, physician-centered fee-for-service health care available to Koreans today.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.12-18
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• 2010

This study was carried out in order to propose a planning index for improved school forests in Gyeonggido. For the purpose of this study we selected 42 out of 75 school forests established during 2005 in Gyeonggido. All 42 school forests were surveyed and analyzed by frequency, cross tabulation, and group average analysis with SPSS 12.0 version. The present condition of the school forests was analyzed with in conjunction with items such as the surrounding environment, centralization, and locational characteristics as nominal points. Other items: trees, shrubs, pavement, fruit trees, transplantation, evergreen trees, and recreation facility content percentage were analyzed as a proportion point. After reviewing the literature and analyzing the present condition of school forests, we constructed a conceptual framework and formulated a hypothesis for this research. Data were obtained through a questionnaire, given to 98 students majoring in landscape architecture at Hankyong University in 2007. Results showed that the primary variables for tree health were soil compaction and the depth of soil filling. They were the most serious factors that deteriorate the health of trees. Based on the relationship between tree health and growing conditions, trees inside the school forest should be managed to provide more growing space and less abuse. The minimum area for trees inside the school forest for good growth conditions should be within the drip lines. We have found that the minimum percentage of tree content is 0.13, which means that more than 130 trees need to be planted over $1,000m^2$ green space. More than 3,580 shrubs need to be planted over $1,000m^2$ green space. The pavement area should be controlled to less than 19% of the total size of the school forest area. Finally, more than 39 trees out of 100 trees planted should be evergreen. The research results suggest that the construction planning index of Gyeonggido school forest be recommended in the planning and development process of the construction project carried out every year.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.148-161
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• 2016

In the case of the government, which plays a pivotal role in the landscape architecture system, the management of positions in landscape architectural organizations is lacking. At the local government level, while public officials for managing landscape architecture are being hired, there are problems and vulnerabilities in both management and system operations as such public officials recruited for positions in landscape architectural services operate under the forestry service. Accordingly, this study analyzed the Korean administrative system of public officials in the landscape architectural service and their satisfaction with the organizational culture and behavior. The aim was to provide practical data for improving the job satisfaction of public officials in landscape architectural service and enhance the status of landscape architecture. First, a survey was conducted regarding current organizational culture/behavior and job adequacy, and differences when compared to different job series with regards to the public officials in the landscape architectural service. The results indicated that job satisfaction of those in landscape architectural service was generally high, but they showed strong centralization, i.e., orders from superiors and limitations on autonomy. Second, an analysis was conducted to improve the organizational culture/behavior and job satisfaction of public officials in the landscape architectural service, and a comparative analysis was conducted on the differences between the analysis result and preceding studies by the Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs(2006). The results indicated that organizational commitment/satisfaction of public officials in the landscape architectural service was relatively low among those who had a great amount of work experience related to forestry. Therefore, it was shown that it is necessary to ensure expertise in landscape architecture. Third, a comprehensive analysis was conducted regarding the influences on "working environment", "legal system" and "job allocation" in regard to public officials in land architectural service. The results indicated that satisfaction in the value system was high when given significance to the job as public officials in land architectural. However, their satisfaction in the land architectural system was low due to the lack of independence in their positions, the vulnerable legal system of land architectural service and low employment rates. Fourth, current public officials in landscape architectural service process tasks such as forestry, architecture, city planning and administration that are not related to their area of expertise. Therefore, an analysis was conducted on whether there is a difference in the job satisfaction of public officials in landscape architectural service according to statistical variables. It was identified that "legal system", "job satisfaction" and "organizational commitment" with regard to public officials in landscape architectural service can be improved through ensuring their expertise. This study suggests the following tasks to further inquire into landscape architecture in general. First, establish an identity of work allocation for public officials in the landscape architectural service, and second, establish an organizational constitution according to the positions in landscape architectural service. Accordingly, it is necessary for interested parties of landscape architecture to devise practical strategies so that such tasks can be converged administratively and reflected in policies.