• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1016-1022
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• 2007

It is demanded to produce the safety evidence documents in other to approval safety characteristic of railway signaling system which stands is included, it is demanding from IEC 62425 standards. Also it is express clearly that safety assessment if signaling system has to be verification of these safety evidence documents. This Safety Case has the results of safety activity through system life-cycle, such as hazard lists, hazard identification and analysis, risk assessment and countermeasure, verification and test results. Consequently, first of all, the analysis and verification of these Safety Case documents has to be accomplished to approval and acceptance of signaling system safety. And also if the safety assessor was want, it is able to be experimental test auditory which is, arbitrary faults injection test, to above described documents verification. In this paper, the contents and architecture of Safety Case are presented as first steps of safety assessment technology establishment for railway signaling system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2022

Collision analysis involving a vehicle frame that includes a battery and a battery case was performed using a carbon fiber composite material (CFRP) and a glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP), which are lightweight materials. Three types of collisions were analyzed: frontal collisions, partial frontal collisions, and side collisions. The maximum stress and deformation levels were measured for each case. To evaluate the stability of ignition and explosion potential of the battery, the maximum stress of the frame was measured before measuring the direct stress to confirm whether the collision energy was sufficiently absorbed. The deformation level of the battery case was measured to confirm whether the battery case affects the battery directly.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.319-334
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the doctor-patient relationship perceived by doctors in clinical settings and the effect of doctor-patient relationships on treatment schemes. A qualitative case study was conducted for this purpose. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with five oriental medicine doctors and doctors working in clinical settings using a semi-structured questionnaire. Transcription and coding were performed to analyze the data. By analyzing each case individually through within-case analysis, we attempted to find themes that emerged from the research subjects' experiences with establishing relationships with patients. Afterward, a cross-case analysis was conducted to identify the meaning of the experiences through commonalities and differences. Results: Within-case analysis confirmed the thoughts and emotions of the research participants in recognizing, defining, and participating in doctor-patient relationships while delivering treatments. Case-to-case analysis derived two themes, seven categories, and 20 meaningful units for doctor-patient relationships. Conclusions: The study found that a doctor-patient relationship regarding patient treatment could be established based on the doctor's 'professional qualifications' and 'human qualities'. In the future, it is necessary to present an educational model for relationship-based intervention techniques and personality maturity. Follow-up research should be conducted to enable the establishment of therapeutic relationships between doctors and patients.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.187-196
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to evaluate and analyze Osu stream watershed water environment system. The data were collected from January 2009 to December 2011 including water temperature, pH, DO, EC, BOD, COD, TOC, SS, T-N, T-P and discharge. The data were used for principle component analysis and factor analysis. The results are as followes. The primary factors obtained from both the principal component analysis and the factor analysis were BOD, COD, TOC, SS and T-P. Once principal component analysis and factor analysis have been performed with the collected data and then the results will be applied to both simple regression model and multiple regression model. The regression model was developed into case 1 using concentrations of water quality parameters and case 2 using delivery loads. The value of the coefficient of determination on case 1 fell between 0.629 and 0.866; this was lower than case 2 value which fell between 0.946 and 0.998. Therefore, case 2 model would be a reliable choice.The coefficient of determination between the estimated figure using data which was developed to the regression model in 2012 and the actual measurement value was over 0.6, overall. It can be safely deduced that the correlation value between the two findings was high. The same model can be applied to get TOC concentrations in future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.205-212
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• 2017

This paper focuses on worst-case delay analysis of the time-triggered IEEE 802.15.4 protocol to satisfy the industrial quality-of-service (QoS) performance. The IEEE 802.15.4 protocol is considered to be unsuitable for industrial networks because its medium access control method is contention-based CSMA/CA, which exhibits unstable performance with an unbounded delay distribution under heavy traffic. To avoid these limitations, this paper presents a time-triggered version of the nonbeacon-enabled network of IEEE 802.15.4 that relies on a time division multiplexing access (TDMA) method implemented in the application layer without any modification of specification. The timing analysis of this time-triggered IEEE 802.15.4 was executed, and the worst-case transmission delay was calculated. Based on this analysis, the time-triggered IEEE 802.15.4 is a promising alternative for wireless industrial networking.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.616-622
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• 1994

Precise concept analysis has been neglected be-cause of a lack of understanding of its necessity and a lack of conceptual analytic knowledge. Concept analysis is the mental work of examining parts, phenomenon and the interrelated whole of a thing. Focus in this article is to extract the critical attributes of hardiness and make an operational delinition. The process of concept analysis is illustrated and documented using the analytic approach described by Walker and Avant (1983). To explore the explicit or implicit meanings of hardiness, existing literature was reviewed. The evolution of hardiness and the dictionary definitions were also added. Hardiness can be defined as follows : A condition of being inured to fatigue or hardship which has three subcomponents-challenge, control and commitment. Critical attributes of hardiness were extracted that may be used in naming the occurrence of the phenomenon. Model case, contrary case, borderline case and related case were described. Antecedents and consequences were explored. The defining critical attributes of hardiness are : 1. Resistance-hardiness involves resistance of stress or hardship. 2. Hardiness involves appraisal of change as a chance. 3. Hardiness implies interpretation of events and self as influential,. 4. Hardiness requires active involving reaction Implications for nursing and for further study are added.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.171-184
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• 2001

The nature of ill-defined planning problems makes expert systems difficult to acquire and represent knowledge for decision making in urban planning processes. In order to resolve these problems, a case-based reasoning method was applied to develop a spatial analysis system for urban planning. A case study was conducted in a residential land use planning process. The result of the study revealed the effectiveness of reasoning by the spatial analysis system and the possibility of its future application. More accumulation of information on other successful cases should be sought to yield better results

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Clustering analysis is used in various fields including customer segmentation and clustering methods such as k-means are actively applied in the credit card customer segmentation. In this paper, we summarized the input features selection method of k-means clustering for the case of the credit card customer segmentation problem, and evaluated its feasibility through the analysis results. By using the label values of k-means clustering results as target features of a decision tree classification, we composed a method for prioritizing input features using the information gain of the branch. It is not easy to determine effectiveness with the clustering effectiveness index, but in the case of the CH index, cluster effectiveness is improved evidently in the method presented in this paper compared to the case of randomly determining priorities. The suggested method can be used for effectiveness of actively used clustering analysis including k-means method.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.167-181
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• 2020

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparison analysis were performed for shear strengths categorized by breccia content of 5 wt.% (Case-I), 10 wt.%, (Case-II) and 15 wt.% (Case-III) in fault cores. The relationship between breccia contetnt and shear strength was quantitatively classified by calculating the mean and standard deviation of shear strength for each population in each case and then the grouping the breccia contents that had a statistically similar effect on the dispersion of shear strength. As a result, shear strength was clearly classified into group 1 (breccia content of 0-15 wt.%) and group 2 and 3 (breccia coantent of 15-30 wt.% and 30 wt.% or more) in Case-III. Shear strength of the standard line at breccia content of 15 wt.% were determined to be 43.6 kPa, 77.6 kPa, and 118.6 kPa at each normal stress (54 kPa, 108 kPa, and 162 kPa), respectively. In addition, the distribution range of cohesions is 0-43.6 kPa at breccia content of 15 wt.% or less, and 0-70.0 kPa at 15 wt.% or more. Distribution range of friction angles is 0-45.7 ° at breccia content of 15 wt.% or less, and 16.7-57.5 ° at 15 wt.% or more.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.4815-4820
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• 2014

As semiconductor chips are on a small scale, large content and high integratation, it is essential to develop the device of pick and place at the system of the semiconductor test handler to ensure its high precision and durability. In this study, inspection equipment frame model of a semiconductor test handler picker was investigated by vibration analysis with the property of the natural frequency and harmonic response. As 3 kinds of analysis case models, the device of pick and place was located at the left side (Case 1), the center (Case 2) and the right side (Case 3) of the upper guideline. The range of natural frequencies until the 6th order on this frame model ranges from 80Hz to 500Hz. As the analysis of the harmonic response when the frame is resonant, Case 2 showed the maximum equivalent stress of 52.802 MPa more than Cases 1 or 3. Case 2 was the most intensive among the three cases. Using the analysis result of this study, the design of the frame model, which can be applied to the safe working environment of the system is believed to be possible.