• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.109-121
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• 2005

A chemical ranking and scoring (CRS-Korea) system was developed and proposed to use as the first step to prioritize the toxic chemicals for the purpose of monitoring and detailed risk assessment that might follow as necessary. The CRS-Korea system takes a basic concept of risk assessment (both human health risk and ecological risk) in that risk score is determined by the product of toxicity score and exposure score. Included in the toxicity category are acute toxicity, chronic/sub -chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, and other toxicity. The exposure category consists of quantity released to the environment, bioconcentration, and persistence. A consistent scheme and a comprehensive chemical data base are offered in the CRS-Korea system to calculate a score for the each component in the two categories by using specific physicochemical, fate, and toxic properties and the quantity of the chemical used. The toxicity score is obtained by adding up all the individual scores for the components in the toxicity category. The exposure score is determined by multiplication of the score of the quantity released with the sum of persistent score and bioconcentration score. Equal weight is given to the toxicity score and the exposure score. As the CRS-Korea system was applied to identify 50 national priority chemicals, it was found that significant data gap exists on toxicity and fate properties and that the uncertainty associated with estimating the quantify released to the environment is notably high. The proposed CRS system is only a screening tool in the first step toward the priority setting and should be used with expert judgement and other considerations necessary.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.77-82
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• 2004

자동차 공장에서의 생산스케줄은 차체공장에서부터 시작되는데 가장 이상적인 생산스케줄은 차체공장의 생산스케줄이 최종 조립라인의 조립스케줄과 동일하게 구성이 되는 것인데 차체공장, 도장공장, 조립공장의 생산 방식이 서로 다르므로 각각의 생산스케줄 목표에 맞게 투입순서를 조절해야 한다. 이를 위해서 WBS(White Body Storage), CRS(Color Rescheduling Storage), PBS(Painted Body Storage)라는 세 개의 주요 완충공간을 이용한다. 본 논문에서는 시뮬레이션 사례연구를 통하여 CRS와 PBS의 효율적인 운영을 위해 전용레인 설치를 검토하였다. 그 결과 전용레인을 설치하였을 경우 CRS에서는 그룹화비율이 감소하고, 동시에 회송차량이 증가하므로 효과적인 방법이 아님을 알 수 있었다. PBS에 전용레인을 설치한 경우에도 접근금지조건을 위반하는 차량과 회송차량이 증가하여 효율적이지 못함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2015

Purpose: To compare injury sustained and severity of child occupant according to the types of safety restraint systems in motor vehicle crashes. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. The study subjects were child occupants under the age of 8 years who visited a local emergency center following a motor vehicle crash from 2010 to 2014. According to safety restraint: child restraint systems (CRS), belted, and unbelted, we compared injuries sustained and injury severity using the maximal Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS), and analyzed the characteristics of severe injuries (AIS2+). Results: Among 241 subjects, 9.1% were restrained in CRS, 14.5% were only belted, and 76.3% was unbelted at the time of the crashes. Fourteen had severe injuries (AIS2+), all of whom didn't be restrained by CRS. Injuries in face and neck were the highest in unbelted group, and MAIS and ISS were the lowest in CRS group. Conclusion: Among safety restraint systems for child occupant in motor vehicle crashes, the CRS have the preventive effect of face and neck injuries, and are the most effective safety restraint systems.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제18B권5호
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• pp.279-290
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• 2011

최근 웹 및 웹 콘텐츠의 양이 폭발적으로 증가함에 따라서 콘텐츠 추천 시스템(CRS, Contents Recommendation System)은 최근 중요한 이슈로 대두되었다. 이에 따라, 콘텐츠 추천 시스템에 대한 콘텐츠 추천 방법(CRM, Contents Recommendation Method)이 꾸준히 연구 및 소개되어 왔다. 그러나 전통적인 CRM들은 콘텐츠 생성자의 위상이 중요하게 여겨지는 웹 2.0 환경에서 활용하는데 부족함이 있다. 본 논문에서는 연결 정도 중심성 분석(Degree of centrality) 및 TF-IDF를 활용하여 양질의 콘텐츠를 추천하는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 위하여 본 논문에서는 RSS와 FOAF를 수집하여 TF-IDF와 연결 정도 중심성을 각각 분석한다. 그리고 분석된 두 값을 이용하여 콘텐츠를 추천한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법을 검증하기 위하여 우리는 시스템을 구현하였으며 콘텐츠 추천 결과를 보인다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법을 사용하면 입력된 질의어에 대해 사용자와 콘텐츠의 관계를 분석하고 이를 통해 적절한 콘텐츠를 추출할 수 있다. 그리고 본 논문에서 제안한 방법을 통해 구축한 시스템은 전통적인 콘텐츠 추천 시스템과 달리 소셜네트워크에서 콘텐츠 생산자에 대한 중요도가 반영됨으로 보다 신뢰성이 있는 결과를 얻을 수있다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.804-812
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• 2011

To prevent the overflow of various harmful chemicals, it is necessary to modify the chemical management system with an expansion to institutionally regulated substances. This modification should be preceded by selection of the priority chemicals, with a diverse chemical ranking system (CRS) applied to select the chemicals in developed countries. In Korea, a systematic CRS was used in a project related to soil and groundwater, however, it is inadequate to compare soil and groundwater CRS to that of surfacewater. In this study, a priority chemical ranking system for surfacewater was proposed through the analysis of international and domestic CRS cases. This was then applied to 161 chemicals to derive the priority list of harmful chemicals. As a result, Chemical RAnking of surFacewater polluTants (CRAFT) is presented for the protection of human health and the aquatic ecosystem from surfacewater pollutants. The components of CRAFT are the human health toxicity, aquatic ecosystem toxicity and reliability assessment factors. Three lists were derived from the 161 priority harmful chemicals for the protection of human health, aquatic ecosystem or both. It is expected that this result can be useful to prioritize harmful chemicals for the protection of human health and the aquatic ecosystem from Korean surfacewater.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.630-642
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose the opportunistic non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based cooperative relaying system (CRS) with channel state information (CSI) available at the source, where CSI for the source-to-destination and source-to-relay links is used for opportunistic transmission. Using the CSI, for opportunistic transmission, the source instantaneously chooses between the direct transmission and the cooperative NOMA transmission. We provide an asymptotic expression for the average achievable rate of the opportunistic NOMA-based CRS under Rayleigh fading channels. We verify the asymptotic analysis through Monte Carlo simulations, and compare the average achievable rates of the opportunistic NOMA-based CRS and the conventional one for various channel powers and power allocation coefficients used for NOMA.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.47-60
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 남해안 해성점토의 일정변형률 압밀특성을 파악하기 위해 표준압밀시첩과 변형률 속도가 다른 일정변형율 압밀시험을 수행하고 이들 결과를 비교.분석하였다. 표준압밀시험 및 일정변형율 시험에서 선행압밀하중을 산정하기 위하여 여러 제안된 방법을 사용하였으며 각 방법의 적용성을 검토하였다. 또한, 변형률 속도가 응력-변형뮬 관계, 간극수압, 그리고 선행압밀 하중에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 해석결과에 의하면 압밀곡선의 분포와 선행압밀하중비($a_2=\sigma'_{pCRS}/\sigma'_{pConv}$)는 변형률 속도의 영향을 받지만, 정규압 밀구간의 압축지수는 상대적으로 변형률 속도의 크기와 무관한 것으로 나타났다. 해성점토의 선행압밀하중비는 변형률 속도의 대수축척에 비례하여 증가하는 것으로의 변형률 속도에서 평균적으로 1.11~1.30의 분포를 보였다. 일정변형률 압밀시험에서 간극수압비는 변형플 속도가$6.67\times10^{-4}$ %sec일 때를 제외하고는 6.0%를 초과하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 정규압밀구간의 압축지수, 압밀계수와 투수계수는 각각 0.59~0.95, $0.56\times10^{-3}~3.0\times10^{-3} cm^2/sec,\; 그리고 \;2.0\times10^4~7.0\times10^{-4} cm/sec$의 분포를 보였다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제2권
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• pp.267-288
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• 1993

• 디지털콘텐츠
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• 2호통권21호
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• pp.105-107
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• 1995

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2000

Most soft ground in the southern and western coasts in Korea consists of very compressible alluvial deposits. Four samples in these alluvial deposite were selected to manifest the constitutive relations of consolidation. A series of tests were performed to investigate void ratio -effective stress relationand void ratio-coefficient of permeability relation on soil samples obtained at Haenam. Jindo Mankyung and Janghung permeabilities by CRS thoery were similar to directly measured data but those of indirectly computed by $C\upsilon$ shows difference. Several models about compressibility and permeability were compared with test data.