• Title/Summary/Keyword: CP-반복분석

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Effect of ME and Crude Protein Content of Diet on the Performance and Production Cost of White Semibroiler Chickens (사료의 ME가와 단백질 수준이 백세미의 생산성과 경제성에 미치는 영향)

  • Cho, J.H.;Um, J.S.;Yu, M.S.;Paik, I.K.
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.53-56
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    • 2007
  • An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of ME and crude protein (CP) content of diet on the performance and production cost of white semibroiler chickens. Three hundred sixty hatched white semibroiler chickens (Hy-Line $female\;{\times}\;Ross^{(R)}$ male) were assigned to low dietary treatments of different metabolizable energy (ME) value and crude protein (CP) content: T1; ME 3,040 and 3,070 kcal/kg, CP 21.40 and 20.86%, T2; ME 2,950 and 3,000 kcal/kg, CP 20.62 and 19.70%, T3; ME 2,950 and 3,000 kcal/kg, CP 19.90 and 18.70% and T4; ME 2,900 and 2,920 kcal/kg, CP 18.50 and 18.00% for starter diet ($0{\sim}1st$ wk) and power diet ($2{\sim}5th$ wk), respectively There were significant (P<0.01) differences among treatments in weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. T1 was significantly higher in weight gain and feed intake and love. in feed conversion ratio than other treatments. Production index of T1 (153.42) was far greater than T2 (112.13), T3 (108.40) and T4 (100.95). It was concluded that semibroilers required similar ME and CP to those of regular commercial broilers (highbro).

A Study on Fatigue Damage Accumulation of MMC using Ultrasonic Wave and Acoustic Emission (초음파와 AE기법을 이용한 금속복합재료의 피로손상진전 평가)

  • 이진경;이준현
    • Composites Research
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2000
  • SiC particulate reinforced metal matrix composites(MMCs) are emerging as candidate materials for the automobile and aerospace industries due to their significant increase in elastic modulus and strength compared to conventional metallic materials. However, in order to make successful application of MMCs, it is very important to understand micro-failure mechanism under cyclic loading because failure mechanism of MMC is dominated by accumulation of micro-failure due to applied loading. In this study, ultrasonic Lamb wave and acoustic emission(AE) have been used to monitor microscopic damage accumulation under cyclic loading for SiC particulate reinforced metal matrix composite(SiCp/A356). It was found that the change in velocity and attenuation of ultrasonic Lamb wave due to the increase of loading cycles could be characterized by three different stages corresponding to the microscopic fracture processes. The characteristic of AE signal at each stage was analyzed and discussed by comparing with the change of ultrasonic characteristic in MMCs.

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Gene Structure of Cotesia plutellae Bracovirus (CpBV)-$I_{k}B$ and Its Expression Pattern in the Parasitized Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (프루텔고치벌 브라코바이러스(Cotesia plutellae Bracovirus) 유래 $I_{k}B$ 유전자 구조와 피기생 배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella) 체내 발현 패턴)

  • Kim Yong-Gyun;Basio Neil A.;Ibrahim Ahmed M.A.;Bae Sung-Woo
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.45 no.1 s.142
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    • pp.15-24
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    • 2006
  • Inhibitor kB (IkB)-like gene has been found in the genome of Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV), which is the obligatory symbiont of an endoparsitoid wasp, C. plutellae. The open reading frame of CpBV-IkB was 417 bp and encoded 138 amino acids. Four ankyrin repeat domains were found in CpBV-IkB, which shared high homology with other known polydnavirus IkBs. Considering a presumptive cellular IkB based on Drosophila Cactus, CpBV-IkB exhibited a truncated structure with deletion of signal-receiving domains, which suggested its irreversible inhibitory role in NFkB signal transduction pathway of the parasitized host in response to the wasp parasitization. CpBV-IkB was expressed only in the parasitized diamondback moth, Plutella flostella. Its expression was estimated by quantitative RT-PCR during parasitization period, showing a constitutive expression pattern from the first day of parasitization. An indirect functional analysis of CpBV-IkB was conducted and suggested a hypothesis of host antivirus inhibition.

A Comparison of Various Energy and Protein Concentrations in Diets on the Performance, Bone Mineral Density and Blood Characteristics of Broiler Chicks

  • Choe, Ho Sung;Um, Jae Sang;Ryu, Kyeong Seon
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.369-377
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    • 2013
  • Two experiments were conducted separately with different concentration of dietary energy and protein to evaluate the performance, blood characteristics and bone mineral density (BMD) of broiler chicks. In experimentr 1, a total of 480 heads one-day-old Ross ${\times}$ Ross broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 treatments (5 replications; 16 birds/pen). Three concentration of ME (3,000, 3,100 and 3,200 kcal/kg) and two of CP (pre-starter 22, 23%, starter 20, 21% and finisher 18, 19%) in a $3{\times}2$ factorial arrangement of treatments were used. In experiment 2, similar chicks and CP concentration was used but ME concentration was changed (pre-starter; 3,000, 3,050 and 3,100 kcal/kg, starter; 3,050, 3,100 and 3,150 kcal/kg, finisher; 3,100, 3,150 and 3,200 kcal/kg) in the diet. In both experiments, 10 blood and tibia samples were collected per treatment and blood characteristics and BMD were analyzed. In experiment 1, weight gain and feed intake were increased by the 3,000 kcal/kg ME in the diet (P<0.05). Serum total protein and albumin levels were increased numerically with the level of CP in the diet. Total cholesterol and HDL content were increased numerically with the energy content in the diet. Consistently in experiment 2, weight gain was increased numerically by the energy and protein level (prestarter $3,000{\times}23$, starter $3,050{\times}21$ and finisher 3,100 kcal/kg ME and 19% CP) in the diet. Serum glucose level was increased with the energy level in the diet (P<0.05). Therefore, serum total protein, albumin, triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL contents were tended to increase with the energy increments in the diet.

Effects of Light Sources in Poultry House on Growth Performance, Carcass Yield, Meat Quality and Blood Components of Finishing Broilers (계사 내 광원이 육계 후기의 생산성, 도체수율, 육질 특성 및 혈액성분에 미치는 영향)

  • Hong, Eui-Chul;Kang, Bo-Seok;Kang, Hwan-Ku;Jeon, Jin-Joo;You, Are-Sun;Kim, Hyun-Soo;Son, Jiseon;Kim, Chan-Ho;Kim, Hee-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.159-167
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    • 2020
  • This study investigated the effect of different light sources in the poultry house on performance, meat quality, and blood composition of finishing broilers. Two hundred and forty male broilers (1-day-old, 42.2±0.1 g) were divided into three groups and subjected to different light source treatments (incandescent, LED, and fluorescent lamps) from 3 weeks of age (four replications/treatment, 20 birds/replication). After breeding for 6 weeks, the carcass yield and meat quality of broilers with similar body weight (BW; 3.4±0.07 kg) were investigated, and blood components were analyzed. Corn-soybean meal-based feed was provided as starter (CP 22.5%, ME 3,020 kcal/kg), early (CP 18.5%, ME 3,050 kcal/kg), and finishing (CP 18%, ME 3,100 kcal/kg). Performance, carcass yield, meat quality, and blood components were evaluated. BW, BW gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio did not show any significant differences among treatments. There was no significant difference on live weight and carcass yield among treatments. There was no significant difference on meat color, shear force, and water holding capacity; however, cooking loss at 17.2% was the highest in the LED treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on blood components except for glucose (blood biochemistry component) among treatments. Glucose was 234.5 mg/dL, 256.9 mg/dL, and 250.1 mg/dL in the three treatments, respectively, with a significant difference between incandescent and LED treatments (P<0.05). These results are used useful as basic data for investigating the effect of lighting in broilers production.

Validation of Stem-loop RT-qPCR Method on the Pharmacokinetic Analysis of siRNA Therapeutics (Stem-loop RT-qPCR 분석법을 이용한 siRNA 치료제의 생체시료 분석법 검증 및 약물 동태학적 분석)

  • Kim, Hye Jeong;Kim, Taek Min;Kim, Hong Joong;Jung, Hun Soon;Lee, Seung Ho
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.653-661
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    • 2019
  • The first small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics have recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the U.S., and the demand for a new RNA therapeutics bioanalysis method-which is essential for pharmacokinetics, including the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of siRNA therapeutics-is rapidly increasing. The stem-loop real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR) assay is a useful molecular technique for the identification and quantification of small RNA (e.g., micro RNA and siRNA) and can be applied for the bioanalysis of siRNA therapeutics. When the anti-HPV E6/E7 siRNA therapeutic was used in preclinical trials, the established stem-loop RT-qPCR assay was validated. The limit of detection was sensitive up to 10 fM and the lower limit of quantification up to 100 fM. In fact, the reliability of the established test method was further validated in three intra assays. Here, the correlation coefficient of $R^2$>0.99, the slope of -3.10 ~ -3.40, and the recovery rate within ${\pm}20%$ of the siRNA standard curve confirm its excellent robustness. Finally, the circulation profiles of siRNAs were demonstrated in rat serum, and the pharmacokinetic properties of the anti-HPV E6/E7 siRNA therapeutic were characterized using a stem-loop RT-qPCR assay. Therefore, the stemloop RT-qPCR assay enables accurate, precise, and sensitive siRNA duplex quantification and is suitable for the quantification of small RNA therapeutics using small volumes of biological samples.

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Fresh Water Algae Euglena on the Performance and Fatty Acid Composition of Breast Muscle of Broiler Chickens (육계에서 담수녹조류 Euglena 첨가사료가 생산성 및 흉근의 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi S. W.;Park I. K.;Park B. S.
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.273-281
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    • 2004
  • A feeding trial was conducted with Euglena strains grown under different media. The effect of supplementation of Euglena on the performance, nutrient availability and fatty acid composition of breast muscle was studied. In experiment I, two hundred ten hatched broiler chicks (Ross) were assigned to seven dietary treatments for 5 weeks. Each treatment consisted of 3 replications with 10 birds each. Control diet was formulated to have $22\%$ CP and 3,150 kcal ME/kg for starter diet, $19\%$ CP and 3,200 kcal ME/kg for finisher diet. Euglena gracilis Z. (EG) was added to control diet at the plevel of 0.25, 0.5, $1.0\%$ and Euglena gracilis Z. bleached and DHA enriched (EGBD; a strain mutated by streptomycin and cultivated in DHA enriched medium) at the level of 0.5, 1.0, $2.0\%$ in the diet. In experiment 2, two hundred fifty hatched broiler chicks (Ross) were assigned to five dietary treatments: T1; Control, T2; T1 + Euglena gracilis Z. DHA enriched (EGD; cultivated in DHA enriched medium) $0.5\%$, T3; T1 + EGD $1.0\%$, T4; T1 + EGBD $0.5\%$, T5; T1 + EGBD $1.0\%$. The weight gain and feed consumption were measured weekly. Fatty acid composition of breast muscle was determined. In experiments I and 2, Euglena supplementation had no significant effects on weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. In experiment 1, EGBD treatments significantly increased DHA concentration but decreased concentration of linoleic acid and arachidonic acid in breast muscle. EGBD 2% treatment showed the highest DHA concentration (14.27%) which is 3.9 times of that of the control ($3.66\%$). In experiment 2, $1.0\%$ EGBD treatment showed highest EPA, lignoceric acid and DHA level in breast muscle (P<0.05). Also, EGD treatments significantly increased DHA and EPA concentration. It was concluded that EGBD and EGD can be supplemented to broiler diet to produce DHA enriched broiler meat.

Cardioprotective Effect by Preconditioning with Calcium-free Solution (칼슘결핍용액 투여 전처치에 의한 심근보호 효과)

  • 조대윤;이종화;김호덕
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.32 no.9
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    • pp.773-780
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    • 1999
  • Background: It has been demonstrated that brief periods of calcium depletion and repletion (calcium-free preconditioning, CP) have cardioprotective effects as seen in ischemic preconditioning(IP) which enhances the recovery of post-ischemic contractile dysfunction and reduces the incidence of reperfusion-induced arrhythmia or infarct size after a prolonged ischemia. In the present study, we tested this paradoxical phenomenon in isolated rabbit hearts. Material and Method: Hearts isolated from New Zealand white rabbits(1.5∼2.0 Kg body weight) were perfused with Tyrode solution using the Langendorff technique. After stabilizing the baseline hemodynamics, the hearts were subjected to 45 minutes of global ischemia followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion with IP(IP group, n=7) or without IP (ischemic control group, n=7). IP was induced by a single episode of 5 minutes global ischemia and 10 minutes reperfusion. In the CP group(n=7), the hearts were subjected to perfusion with Tyrode solution with calcium depletion for 5 minutes and repletion for 10 minutes, and 45 minutes of ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion. Left ventricular function including developed pressure, dP/dt, heart rate, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and coronary flow was measured. Infarct size was determined by staining with 1% triphenyltetrazolium chloride and planimetry. Data were analyzed by a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test. Result: In comparison with the ischemic control group, IP significantly enhanced the recovery of the left ventricular function including the left ventricular developed pressure, contractility, and coronary flow; in contrast, these functional parameters of the CP group tended to be lower than those of the ischemic control group. However, the infarct size was significantly reduced by IP or CP(p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that in isolated Langendorff-perfused rabbit heart model, CP(induced by single episode of 5 minutes calcium depletion and 10 minutes repletion) could not improve the post-ischemic contractile dysfunction(after a 45-minute global ischemia) but it has an infarct size-limiting effect.

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Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus with macroglossia diagnosed by methylation specific PCR (MS-PCR) (메틸화 특이 PCR로 진단된 거설증을 동반한 일과성 신생아 당뇨병)

  • Jin, Hye Young;Choi, Jin-Ho;Kim, Gu-Hwan;Yoo, Han-Wook
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.53 no.3
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    • pp.432-436
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    • 2010
  • Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) has been associated with paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6, paternally inherited duplication of 6q24, or a methylation defect at a CpG island of the ZAC or HYMAI gene. We experienced a case of TNDM in which the patient presented with hyperglycemia, macroglossia, and intrauterine growth retardation, caused by a paternally derived HYMAI. An 18-day-old female infant was admitted to the hospital because of macroglossia and recurrent hyperglycemia. In addition to the macroglossia, she also presented with large fontanelles, micrognathia, and prominent eyes. Serum glucose levels were 200-00 mg/dL and they improved spontaneously 2 days after admission. To identify the presence of a maternal methylated allele, bisulfite-treated genomic DNA from peripheral blood was prepared and digested with BssHII after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with methylation-specific HYMAI primers. PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed that the patient had only the paternal origin of the HYMA1 gene. TNDM is associated with a methylation defect in chromosome 6, suggesting that an imprinted gene on chromosome 6 is responsible for this phenotype.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Spirulina and Astaxanthin for Juvenile Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus in Low Temperature Season (저수온기 넙치 치어에 있어서 스피룰리나와 아스타잔틴의 사료 내 첨가효과)

  • Kim Sung-Sam;Galaz German Bueno;Lee Kyeong-Jun;Lee Young-Don
    • Journal of Aquaculture
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.57-63
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of spirulina (SPI) and asthaxanthin (AST) on growth performance and antioxidant activity in juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in low temperature season. Total 180 fish ($27.8{\pm}0.3g$, average weight ${\pm}S.D.$) were randomly divided into 12 groups, and 3 groups were fed one of four isonitrogenous (52% CP) and isocaloric $(18.3\;MJ\;kg^{-1})$ diets containing no SPI and AST, 0.5% SPI, 0.5% AST, and 0.5% each SPI and AST (designated by diets Control, SPI, AST and SPI+AST, respectively). After 6 weeks of feeding trial, the growth performance, feed utilization, whole body composition and survival of fish were not significantly affected by the experimental diets. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase of fish fed all the experimental diets. The DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay indicated numerically increased antioxidant activity in liver of fish fed the SPI diet compared to that of fish fed the control diet, even though it was not significant. The present study shows that a low level (0.5%) of dietary supplementation of SPI and/or AST does not affect growth and feed utilization and intake of juvenile olive flounder in low temperature season.