• 한국어류학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2019

이번 연구에서 바리과 어종의 새로운 교잡종을 생산하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 능성어 (Hyporthodus septemfasciatus) ♀${\times}$대왕바리 (Epinephelus lanceolatus) ♂ (CGGG)의 발생 양상, 부화율, 기형 발생률 그리고 부화 소요시간을 조사하고, 교잡종의 모계어종의 순종 (능성어 ♀${\times}$♂, CG)과 비교하였다. CGGG와 CG 수정란은 자외선 살균 해수가 채워진 5-L 용량의 비이커 9개에 3,000~5,000개/비이커의 밀도로 수용되었으며, 발생 기간 중 수온은 $23.5{\sim}24.8^{\circ}C$ 그리고 염분은 32.1~32.8 ppt 였다. CGGG의 수정률과 부화율은 각각 $69.4{\pm}1.5%$와 $59.0{\pm}5.1%$로서 CG에 비해 유의하게 낮았다 (p<0.05). CGGG는 비균등 난할, 배체 체형 기형 그리고 부화자어의 척추 기형이 높게 출현한 것을 제외하고, CG와 동일한 난발생 양상을 보였다. CGGG의 부화까지 소요 시간은 CG에 비해 약 2시간 느렸다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과에서 CGGG는 수정률, 부화율 그리고 기형률 등 발생능력이 CG에 비해 낮았지만 부화자어의 대량생산이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.54-54
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• 2001

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a member of the glycoprotein hormone family which includes FSH, hCG, TSH. These hormone family is characterized by a heterodimeric structure composed a common $\alpha$-subunit noncovalently linked to a hormone specific $\beta$-subunit. The correct conformation of the heterodimer is also important for efficient secretion, hormone-specific post-translational modifications, receptor binding and signal transduciton. To determine $\alpha$ and $\beta$-subunits can be synthesized as a single polypeptide chain (tethered-hCG) and also display biological activity, the tethered-hCG molecule by fusing the carboxyl terminus of the hCG $\beta$-subunit to the amino terminus of the $\alpha$-subunit was constructed and transfected into chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells. We also constructed C-terminal deletion mutants (D9l, D89, D88, D87, D86, D84, D83) of single chain hCG to determine the biological function (secretion, LH-activity, receptor binding, cAMP production) of these mutants. Between six and eight stably transfected pools of cells expressing wild type and mutant hCGs were selected for neomycin resistant. The hCGs secreted by the stably transfected cells into serum-free media were collected and quantified by radioimmunoassay, as described in protocol (DPC(hCG IRMA). LH activity was in terms of testosterone production and aromatase activity in primary cultured rat Leydig cells. The tethered-wthCG was efficiently secreted and showed similar LH-like activity to the dimeric hCG. The D83hCG mutant was not detected in this assay. It is suggest that hCG C-terminal part is very important for hCG secretion. Now, we checking the LH-like activity of these mutant hCGs. These data indicate that the constructs of tethered molecule will be useful in the study of mutants that affect subunit association and/or secretion.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.389-398
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• 1999

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of endogenous LH surge, GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as ovulation trigger on pregnancy rate by intrauterine insemination (IUI). Method: Patients received daily 100 mg of clomiphene citrate (CC) for 5 days starting on the third day of the menstrual cycle followed by human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) for ovulation induction. Follicles larger than >16 mm in diameter were present in the ovary, frequent LH tests in urine were introduced to detect an endogenous LH surge. Final follicular maturation and ovulation were induced by GnRH-a 0.1 mg (s.c.) or hCG $5,000{\sim}10,000$ IU (i.m.) administration except natural ovulation. Pregnancy was classified as clinical if a gestational sac or fetal cardiac activity was seen on ultrasound. Results: There were no differences in age, duration of infertility and follicle size, but more ampules of hMG were used in GnRH-a group compared to hCG 10,000 IU treated group (p<0.05). Lower level of estradiol ($E_2$) on the day of hCG or GnRH-a injection was observed in hCG 10,000 IU group than other treatment groups (p<0.01). The overall clinical pregnancy rate was 19.8% per cycle (32/162) and 22.2% per patient (32/144). Pregnancy rate was higher in natural-endogenous LH surge group (37.5%, 9/24) than GnRH-a (18.8%) or hCG treated group (20.9% & 13.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant. No patient developed ovarian hyperstimulation. Abortion rate was 22.2% (2/9) in hCG 5,000 IU group. Delivery or ongoing pregnancy rate was 37.5% (9/24), 18.8% (3/16), 16.3% (7/43) and 13.9% (11/79) in endogenous LH surge, GnRH-a, hCG 5,000 IU and hCG 10,000 IU treatment groups, respectively. Conclusion: These results support the concept that use of natural-endogenous LH surge in stimulated cycles may be more effective to obtain pregnancies by IUI than GnRH-a or hCG administration.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to evaluate preferences for spatial composition by urban design guidelines of detached housing areas using CG simulation, with the aim of contributing to the improvement and management of residential townscapes. The list of urban design guidelines for detached housing areas was derived from an analysis of urban design guidelines and landscape regulations from the U.S.A, Japan, and Korea. These guidelines comprise building guidelines, landscape guidelines, street guidelines, and sign guidelines. Through the preferences revealed by CG simulation, an optimum presentation method for the urban design guidelines was determined. Based on the results of preferences, an appropriate management system and regulation standards were proposed. In conclusion, the efforts carried out on the study and legislation of a management system and regulation standards for the urban design guideline will accomplish the amenity of residential environments.

• BMB Reports
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.354-359
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• 2014

The types of glia in the central nervous system (CNS) of the Drosophila embryo include longitudinal glia (LG), cell body glia (CBG), and peripheral glia (PG). Transcription factors, such as glial cell missing and reverse polarity, are well-established general glial cell markers. Only a few glial cell-specific markers have been identified in the Drosophila embryonic CNS, thus far. In the present study, we employed the glial cell-specific markers for LG (vir-1/CG5453 and CG31235), CBG (fabp/CG6783 and CG11902), and PG (CG2310 and moody/CG4322), and comprehensively analyzed their expression patterns, during the embryonic CNS development. Our study validated the specificity of a set of glial markers, and further revealed their spatio-temporal expression patterns, which will aid in the understanding of the developmental lineage, and investigating their role in the development and homeostasis of the Drosophila CNS in vivo.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.221-221
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• 2004

Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), which consists of highly glycosylated α- and β-subunits, is a unique member of the gonadotropin family because it elicits response characteristics of both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in other species than the horse. To determine whether α and β subunits can be synthesized as a single polypeptide chain (tethered-eCG) and also display biological activity, the tethered-eCG molecule was constructed and transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells. (omitted)

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.215-217
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• 2003

This study examined whether the connexin (Cx) is an essential protein during oocyte maturation in the ovary of the goldfish (Carassius auratus). In mature female goldfish ovaries, at late vitellogenic stage, human insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I; 20 M) and human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG; 20 IU/㎖) were injected. Twelve hr after the injection, mature female goldfish ovaries were removed and stored at -80C until analysis by RT-PCR. From the goldfish Cx43 cDNA sequence (GenBank accession number AB078505), two degenerate primers were designated. In vivo, 12 hr after the treatment with hCG, goldfish Cx43 mRNA expression level was increased, while the levels of IGF-I was not changed. Goldfish Cx43 mRNA expressed after, but not before the hCG treatment. These results suggest that Cx43 mRNA was judged to be a gene, which was transcribed during oocyte maturation induced by hCG.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2009

이 연구에서는 최근 상당히 많이 제작되고 있는 CG 위주의 영화에서, 그래픽에 국한되어 있는 사실성의 의미를 재규정 해보고, 영화연출기법의 하나인 스테이징이 그래픽의 사실성을 넘어서 영화전체의 사실성을 향상시키기 위해 활용된 경우를 찾아 샷바이샷 분석을 해 본다.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.2 (3)
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• pp.155-157
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 CC-NUMA 시스템인 고성능 멀티미디어 서버(MX Server)상에서 다중 스레드 프로세스의 CG(CPU Group) 바인딩 설계 및 구현 내용을 소개한다. 고성능 멀티미디어 서버의 컴퓨팅 서버용 운영체제인 COSMIX(cache COherent Shared Memory unIX)에서는 서버의 플랫폼에 알맞은 하드웨어 및 시스템 관련하여 CC-NUMA 시스템에 적합한 운영체제 기능을 설계하였다. 고성능 멀티미디어 서버에서는 데이터의 지역성을 고려하여 한 노드인 CG에 프로세스를 바인드 하는 기능이 있으나, 다중 스레드로 구성된 프로세스의 바인딩 기능은 없었다. Oracle8i와 같은 인터넷 DBMS에서는 하나의 프로세스내의 다중 스레드가 일정한 노드의 디스크를 점유하여 사용할 수 있으므로 이와 같은 다중 스레드의 프로세스를 해당 디스크가 있는 하나의 CG에 바인딩 하는 기능이 필요하다. 현재는 가용한 플랫폼이 없어서 MX Server 대신 PC 태스트베드인 CC-NUMA 시스템 시뮬레이션 환경에서 다중 스레드의 CG 바인딩 기능을 구현하고 그 시험을 완료하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1039-1045
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 마우스 레이디히 세포인 mLTC-1 세포에 사람 융모성 성선자극호르몬인 hCG를 처리하여 유도되는 소포체 스트레스가 IRE1/XBP1 경로를 통하는지 분석하는 것 이다. 이전 연구에서 hCG처리에 의해 레이디히 세포는 소포체 스트레스 매개의 세포자멸사가 유도될 뿐만 아니라 ATF6경로를 조절함으로써 UPR이 성호르몬 합성효소의 발현에 중요한 역할을 하는 것을 증명하였다. UPR 경로는 또한 IRE1/XBP1 경로를 통하여 조절되는 것이 알려져 있지만 레이디히 세포에서 hCG에 의한 소포체 스트레스에 의해 IRE1/XBP1 경로의 활성화가 유도되는지에 대해서는 거의 알려져 있지 않다. mLTC-1세포에서 hCG 처리 후 IRE1/XBP1경로의 활성을 조사하기 위하여, 인산화된 IRE1 단백질 확인하기 위한 western blot, XBP1 mRNA splicing 확인하기 위한 RT-PCR을 수행하였다. 또한 우리는 IRE의 활성을 관찰하기 위하여 소포체 스트레스-활성 표지자(ERAI) construct를 이용하고 이를 형광현미경과 flow cytometry를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과적으로, hCG 처리에 의해 인산화된 IRE1 단백질의 발현 수준이 두드러지게 증가하였다. F-XBP1-venus/F-$XBP1{\Delta}DBD$-venus가 도입된 mLTC-1 세포에서, hCG 처리에 의해 녹색 형광을 띄는 세포들이 유도되었고 각각 핵/세포질에서 발현하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 게다가 hCG 처리 후에 XBP1 mRNA의 splicing 또한 상당히 증가되는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이 결과들을 통하여 종합해 볼 때 레이디히 세포에서 hCG 처리에 의해 유도되는 소포체 스트레스가 IRE1/XBP1 경로의 활성을 유발하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.