• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.185-190
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• 2017

One-dimensional CdTe nanorods (NRs) are obtained by the reaction of various Cd precursors with single crystalline Te nanorod templates, which are pre-synthesized from Te precursors by a simple and reproducible solvothermal method. Throughout the process, the diffraction intensity of different crystal facets of single crystalline Te NRs varied with reaction times. Finally, by alloying Cd ions along the axial direction of Te NRs, polycrystalline cubic phase CdTe NRs with diameters of 80-150 nm and length up to $1.2-2.4{\mu}m$ are obtained. The nucleation and growth processes of Te and CdTe NRs are discussed in details, and their properties are characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman scattering, and UV-vis absorption spectra. It was found that the key elements of synthesizing CdTe NRs such as reaction temperatures and Cd sources will strongly influence the final shape of CdTe NRs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1468-1472
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• 2007

The present study was carried out to determine the optimum conditions of different factors (ratio of lard to water, ${\beta}$-CD concentrations, mixing temperature, mixing time and mixing speed) on cholesterol reduction from lard by using crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD. Crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD was prepared with adipic acid. When the lard was treated under different conditions, the range of cholesterol removal was 91.2 to 93.0% with 5% crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD, which was not significantly different among treatments. In a recycling study, cholesterol removal with crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD in the first trial was 92.1%, which was similar to that with new crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD. In up to eight time trials, over 90% of cholesterol removal was found. The present study indicated that the optimum conditions for cholesterol removal using crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD were a 1:3 ratio of lard to water, 5% crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD concentration, $40^{\circ}C$ mixing temperature, 1 h mixing time and 150 rpm mixing speed. In addition, crosslinked ${\beta}$-CD made by adipic acid resulted in an effective recycling efficiency.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.127-128
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• 2015

Tumor metastasis involves circulating and tumor-initiating capacities of metastatic cancer cells. Hepatic TM4SF5 promotes EMT for malignant growth and migration. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarkers remain unexplored for metastatic potential throughout metastasis. Here, novel TM4SF5/CD44 interaction-mediated self-renewal and circulating tumor cell (CTC) capacities were mechanistically explored. TM4SF5-dependent sphere growth was correlated with $CD133^+$, $CD24^-$, ALDH activity, and a physical association between CD44 and TM4SF5. The TM4SF5/CD44 interaction activated c-Src/STAT3/ Twist1/ B mi1 signaling for spheroid formation, while disturbing the interaction, expression, or activity of any component in this signaling pathway inhibited spheroid formation. In serial xenografts of less than 5,000 cells/injection, TM4SF5-positive tumors exhibited locally-increased CD44 expression, suggesting tumor cell differentiation. TM4SF5-positive cells were identified circulating in blood 4 to 6 weeks after orthotopic liver-injection. Anti-TM4SF reagents blocked their metastasis to distal intestinal organs. Altogether, our results provide evidence that TM4SF5 promotes self-renewal and CTC properties supported by $CD133^+/TM4SF5^+/CD44^+^{(TM4SF5-bound)}/ALDH^+/CD24^-$ markers during HCC metastasis.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2007

ZnCdSe alloy semiconductor was widely used for the optoelectronic device. And CdSe is the end-point in this material. In this work, we measured the dielectric function spectrum of cubic CdSe with Vacuum Ultra Violet spectroscopic ellipsometry and analysed this data with parametric model. As a result, we observed some of transition energy point over 6 eV and obtained the database for dielectric function spectrum, which could be used for temperature or alloy composition dependence study on optical property of CdSe.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 2015

Bub1 is one of the spindle checkpoint proteins and plays a role in recruitment of the related proteins to kinetochore. Here, we studied the structural characteristic of the evolutionarily conserved 160 amino acid region in the N-terminus (hBub1 CD1), using Circular Dichroism (CD) and NMR. Our CD results showed that hBub1 CD1 is a highly helical protein and its structure was affected by pH: as pH was elevated to basic pH, the helical propensity increased. This could be related to the surface charge of the hBub1 CD1. However, the structural change did not largely depend on the salt concentration, though the thermal stability a little increased. The previous NMR analysis revealed that the hBub1 CD1 adopts eight helices, which is consistent with the CD result. Our result would be helpful for evaluating the molecular mechanism of the hBub1 CD1 and protein-protein interactions.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 1991

Performance of column type bioreactor packed with immobilized cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) on chitosan and Amberite IRA 900 was evaluated for cyclodextrin(CD) production. For CGTase immobilized on chitosan, the maximum CD conversion yield of 42% was achieved at the range of 88-168 units of immobilizied CGTase per gram of chitosan, retention time of 0.3 hr, and from 5.0% (w/v) of partially cyclized soluble starch. On the other hand, for CGTase immobilized on Amberite IRA 900, the maximum conversion yield of 40% was obtained at the range of 3.6-11.0 units of immobilized CGTase per gram of carrier and retention time of 1.2 hr from 5.0% of substrate. Above CD conversion yields are almost identical level with that can be obtained with soluble CGTase of 47%. The productivities of bioreactor packed with immobilized CGTase were 17.0g of CD/lㆍhr for amberite IRA 900 and 15.5g of CD/lㆍhr for chitosan. The partially cyclized starch with soluble CGTase were more suitable as substrate to achieve better CD conversion yield, and 5% (w/v) of partially cyclized soluble starch containing 10% (w/w) of CD was found to be most suitable to obtain maximum CD conversion yield.

• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.448-453
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• 2013

CpG-DNA has various immunomodulatory effects in dendritic cells, B cells, and macrophages. While induction of cytokines by CpG-DNA has been well documented in macrophages, the expression of costimulatory molecules in CpG-DNA treated macrophages has not yet been defined. Therefore, we investigated the effects of CpG-DNA on the expression of costimulatory molecules in RAW 264.7 cells. The surface expression of CD80 was slightly increased and CD83 expression was significantly increased in response to CpG-DNA. However, the expression of CD86 and MHC class II was not changed. As expression of CD83 mRNA was also increased by CpG-DNA, CD83 expression is regulated at a transcriptional level. To understand the contribution of signaling pathways to CD83 induction, we used pathway specific inhibitors. The NF-${\kappa}B$ inhibitor significantly reduced surface expression of CD83 as well as phagocytic activity of RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, CD83 expression may contribute to the immunostimulatory effects of CpG-DNA in macrophage cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4671-4673
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• 2013

Objectives: To study variation in T lymphocyte subgoups and its clinical significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, NK and Treg cells in peripheral blood of NSCLC cases and healthy adults were determined by flow cytometry. Results: CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio and NK cells in NSCLCs were decreased significantly in comparison with the control group (P < 0.01), and decreased with increase in the clinical stage of NSCLC, while CD8+ cells demonstrated no significant change (P > 0.05). Treg cells were significantly more frequent than in the control group (P < 0.01), and increased with the clinical stage of NSCLC. Conclusion: The cellular immune function of the NSCLC patients is lowered. It is important to detect change of T lymphocyte subgroups by flow cytometry for the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic assessment of NSCLC patients.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.943-950
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• 2009

Cadmium (Cd) adsorption onto the activated carbon containing hydroxyapatite (HAP) was investigated in batch experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) using the Box-Behnken methods were applied to the experimental results. Cd adsorption with different HAP mass ratio of from 10% to 30%. With more HAP, Cd was more adsorbed. These results suggest that the higher HAP mass causes an increase of the ion exchange potential of the HAP sorbent. Equilibrium experimental results from Cd adsorption was fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Cd adsorption on HAP sorbent were found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model well in the initial adsorbate concentration range. Also, Cd adsorption was a function of the HAP mass ratio ($x_1$), initial Cd concentration ($x_2$), and initial pH ($x_3$) from the application of the RSM. Statistical results showed the order of significance of the independent variables to be initial Cd concentration > HAP mass ratio > initial pH.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.520-524
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• 2002

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Stachys Sieboldii MIQ as a new natural antitumor agent or immunomodulator. To obtain the above objectives, Stachys sieboldii MIQ was extracted with ethanol. Stachys sieboldii MIQ accelerated mouse spleen cell growth, but inhibited FM3A/S°-cell growth. However, no significant difference was found for CD4+ / CD8+ cells. The growth rates of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were accelerated more than those normal mouse group. Stachys sieboldii MIQ fed mice showed a significant enhancement of IL-2 receptor expression, increased numbers of CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells. Stachys sieboldii MIQ also stimulated the production of NO by peritoneal macrophages and the production of NO by and the growth of mouse spleen cells. On the other hand, lung localization of Bl6Fl0 melanoma cells was inhibited by ethanol extract of Stachys sieboldii MIQ. These results show that Stachys sieboldii MIQ is a useful new functional antitumor agent or immunomodulator.