• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 1997

General hospitals have being under the influence of various and specific environment of electromagnetic field. The factors are development of medical electric equipment and device with enlarged functional demands, in high power and multi-frequency. It has all of both faces, EMI(electromagnetic interference) and EMS(electromagnetic susceptibility). In additional, expansion of personal communication system(cellular phone) has many unreliable factor of using time and area, making noise of electromagnetic fields. We studied actual conditions of EMI in the medical site, where is numerous medical equipment, especially central operation room and ICU(intensive care unit), AKR(artificial kidney room : hemo-dialysis unit), etc. The influence, most of medical equipments made electromagnetic nosie has various factors in its band of frequency, harmonics and strength. In the experimental use of electro-surgical unit and cellular phone, noticeable and considerable noise of eletromagnetic fields were measured. All of that can make trouble and errors on the steadiness of bioelectrical devices. In conclusion, It is necessary to reconsiderations of reallocating EMI source vs. EMS factor, and set to definite forbiding area of using cellular phone. For maintenance of steady normal conditions, in spite of existing any other legal standards of safty level, it need considering all of alternative electromagnetic situations on a case-by-case basis.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.291-298
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of on-board medical education for crew and medical managers. The satisfaction of the crew and the medical managers after undergoing the medical education was selected as a measure of effectiveness. The data collection period extended from October 2015 to March 2018 for about 2 years and 6 months, and a total of 310 questionnaires were collected and sampled. However, in this study, regression analysis was performed with only 96 samples because of the addition and modification of questionnaire items in the regression analysis. This study investigated the effect of on-board medical educational assistance (trauma education, nursing care, CPR, and overall educational content) and control variables (total boarding career, age, final education, and education year) on satisfaction. The important findings were as follows: i) Higher the degree of trauma education, higher was the satisfaction, ii) higher the degree of overall educational content, higher was the satisfaction, iii) higher the degree of CPR education, higher was the satisfaction, iv) increased total boarding career reduced the satisfaction level, v) and higher the final education, higher was the satisfaction.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.820-827
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• 2023

Since COVID-19 began at the end of 2019, the wearing time of protective clothing used to prevent pathogenic bacteria and virus infection has increased, and the development of safe protective materials that are human-friendly and have antibacterial and antiviral functions has been required. In this study, we investigated the possibility of developing natural antibacterial protection materials using ethanol extract of the medicinal plant Zanthoxylum Piperitum DC. The antibacterial activity assay of the 80% ethanol extract of Z. piperitum DC leaves against various nosocomial infectious bacteria, using the disk diffusion method, showed that Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Salmonella typhimurium, and Aeromonas hydrophila are sensitive to the inhibitory action of the extract. The IC₅₀ values of the ethanol extract against S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, P. vulgaris and A. hydrophila were about 0.59 mg/ml, 0.50 mg/ml, 1.06 mg/ml, and 0.06 mg/ml, respectively. To determine whether the ethanol extract of Z. piperitum DC leaves can be applied to the development of antibacterial protective fabric, the ethanol extract was tested using a protective fabric from the KM Health Care Corp. using the JIS L1902-Absorption method. As a result, the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity values of S. aureus ATCC 25923 and K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883 appeared to be more than 2.0 when treated with the ethanol extract at a concentration of 1% (w/v). Together, these results suggest that Z. piperitum DC leaves can be applied to develop natural antibacterial functional protective fabrics.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.91-96
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• 2012

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HPV and cervical neoplasia among HIV-infected women in southwestern China. Methods: Cervical cytology, HPV detection by Hybrid Capture-$2^{TM}$ assay, and diagnostic colposcopy were followed by cervical biopsy if indicated. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze associations between HPV co-infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and HIV-related clinical and laboratory parameters. Results: Colposcopic-histopathologically proven CIN2+ lesions were present in 7/83 (8.4%) HIV-infected women. Nearly half (41/83, 43%) were co-infected with carcinogenic HPV genotypes. HPV co-infection was higher in women with colposcopic-histopathologically proven CIN2+ lesions than women with $cells/{\mu}L$ had higher CIN2+ prevalence after adjusting for current ART status and age (adjusted OR: 6.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 36.5). Conclusions: HIV/AIDS care and treatment programs should integrate effective cervical cancer prevention services to mitigate the risk of invasive cervical cancer among HIV-infected women in China.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4733-4738
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• 2012

Background: Tobacco use is a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality from non-communicable diseases. The objectives of the study were to determine the percentage of annual income used to purchase tobacco-related products and treat tobacco-related illnesses, and assess the characteristics of smokers and their awareness of the health-related risks of smoking. Method: Stratified and snowball sampling methods were used to obtain information (via a 17-item, close-ended questionnaire) from 85 adult respondents (49 males and 36 females). The instrument comprised of demographic characteristics, smoking behavioural/lifestyle, health, and micro socio-economics. Results: There were no significant differences between individuals who were affected by chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) (14.1%) and cardiovascular disease (18.8%). It was found that respondents spend 30-39% of their annual income on tobacco-related products. Forty percent (40.0%) and 41.7% of respondents with lung cancer and COPD respectively spend more than 50% of their annual income to treat these diseases. The majority (80%) of those who continues to consume tobacco-related products were uncertain as to why they were doing it. Not all the smokers were aware of the dangers of tobacco consumption despite their level of education. Conclusion: The majority of the respondents who had tobacco-related illnesses such as lung cancer and COPD spend a significant amount of their income on their health care. Not all the smokers were aware of the dangers of tobacco consumption despite their level of education. This suggests the need for increase public awareness where both smokers and non smokers are being fully or adequately informed about the dangers or health risks of tobacco consumption.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.5 s.114
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• pp.58-71
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• 2007

This study conducted a survey to find out atopic dermatitis patients' required performance and preference in design factors to develop spring/summer(S/S) knitwears preferred by atopic patients. On the platform of achieved information from statistical analysis, S/S knitwear samples for atopic patients were designed and constructed with cotton/Seacell(R) blended yarn, And subjective wearing sensation were evaluated comparing the samples and the commercial products made with cotton/chitosan blended yarn, trying to help producing more comfortable S/S knitwears for atopic patients. SPSS 12.0 program was used for frequency analysis, Chi-square analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan test. The result was as follows; For comfort of S/S knitwears, atopic patients most considered skin care property. Atopic patients preferred simple and basic knitwear in light color with thin and soft fabric such as plain knit. The preferred style was that 'appropriately fit with suitable ease'. They also preferred 'closed front'; 'boat neckline' and 'V neckline'; 'raglan sleeve' and 'set-in sleeve'. For hem trim, they preferred 'rib' structure. Male preferred simple and plain style with 'round collar' and 'tubular or rib trim", while female preferred sophisticated and characteristic style with 'set-in sleeve' with 'rib trim'. Under the circumstances with insufficient functional knitwears developed, this study tried to develop comfort S/S knitwears for atopic dermatitis patients and the developed knitwears showed as good as or better performance in wearing feeling, fitting, and appearance than the previously developed functional goods.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.160-166
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of the study was to survey satisfaction with physical therapy. Methods: After the physical therapy consultation, patients filled in a Korean-language version of the 20-tiem version of the MedRisk Instrument developed for measuring Patient Satisfaction with physical therapy. Items are scored on a five-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The last two items are general satisfaction and future return to the clinic. Age and gender information was also collected anonymously. Exploratory factor analysis based on principal components analysis with varimax rotation was performed on the first 18 items of the MedRisk Instrument using SPSS v.20. Results: Four factors emerged with eigenvalues greater than 1, and these cumulatively explained 55% of the total variance in item scores. The factors were labelled: Internal, External Positives, External Negatives, and Clinic Presentation. Correlations of the factor scores with the two global items ranged from 0.29 to 0.70 (both p<0.001). Gender differences were only found on the last factor, with male Korean patients rating Clinic Presentation significantly higher than females (p=0.001). Conclusion: Using factor analysis, the proposed factor structure was revealed using the positive and negative components of the external aspects of the physical therapy and by identifying a clinic presentation which contributes to patients' satisfaction. The largest proportion of the variance in Patient Satisfaction was related to clinicians' attention and behaviour. The results of the analysis provide guidelines as to the dimensions of professional physical therapy care and the implications for service delivery and patient experience.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.421-428
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to tender as the basic data for practice of environment on the consciousness and practice of life environment on technical teacher in middle school and colleage students. For this purpose, the data were collected by using questionnaire distributed to 102 technical teacher in middle school and 103 male colleage students in Jan. and Aug., 2000. The major findings of this research are as follows; 1. It was found that the teachers had consciousness in industrial environment pollution but the students has the causes of house or car. All of the subjects set to the environment information through T.V. programs and the efficacy is highest. Also the teachers set to the environment information through environmental organization and books. The teachers had concern of high level and higher than the students on the life environment. Specially the awareness of life environment was upper to the average and higher than students. 2. The assessments of the earth life environment was 69.17(M), the oceanic environment was highest and water environment was lower. The assessments of the Korea life environment was 60.67(M) were lower than the assessments of the earth life environment, all items were lower than earth lie environment. Generally leachers has positive assessments to earth and Korea life environment than male students. 3. The teachers have high practice apparence on the life environment than the students. Also the teachers had upper to the average on the practice degree, and the practice degree lower than practice awarences. But all items on practices degree was higher than student's.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.99-116
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the state of scrub wearing among scrub uniforms medical staff. The results of the research is the following. First, As for the state of scrub uniforms, they wore scrubs only while they gave medical treatment and took care of routine work. Regarding the design of their current scrubs, type 1 was dominant, and the most common color was dark sky blue. Second, Concerning considerations for scrub design, they answered that scrubs should be designed to give no inconvenience during job performance. As for the image, they placed the most importance in a clean image due to hygiene. In relation to preference for color, pattern and materials, they had the most preference for dark blue, no pattern and materials that would not easily be contaminated. Third, As to preference for the length of the top, they were most fond of hip length, and short sleeves were their favorite length of sleeve. Concerning the design of the front and the back of the top, they had a liking for a box style with no straight cutting line. As for the design of the neckline, hem and pocket of the top, they had the most preference for round neckline, square bottom and round patch pocket respectively. Fourth, when the design preference of the respondents was analyzed, there were a difference between the men and the women in preference for neckline design. The women had a liking for round neck, whereas the men were fond of V neck. And the women showed a higher preference for rubber waistband than the men for the waist design of the pants. No gender differences were found in preference for color, pattern and the length of the top.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.549-559
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• 2016

Korean Black body fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus; Ogae) designated as a natural monument (registration number 265) has been known as a superb traditional Korean medicine. In this study, The production of peptide from the Viscera Waste of Yeonsan Ogae was optimized using commercial protease (bromelain) by response surface methodology under high pressure process. The range of processes was pressure (30 to 100 MPa), reaction time (1 to 5 h), and substrate concentration (10 to 30%, w/v). After reaction, the degree of hydrolysis, distribution of amino acids, and molecular weight of peptides were investigated. As a results, the optimization conditions were pressure 90 MPa, reaction time 3 to 4 h, and the amount of viscera meat 20% (w/v), respectively. The molecular weight of protein hydrolysates was distributed 400 to 1,000 Da. Accordingly we presumed that most products were peptides. Of those peptides, nonpolar or hydrophobic, polar but uncharged, positively charged, and negatively charged amino acids were 42.03, 26.0, 13.3, and 18.6%, respectively. Because higher amount of hydrophobic amino acids, we expected that those products would be able to utilize as the functional food ingredients.