• 복식
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

This study was intended to investigate the influences that consumer's price sensitivity, bundle discount type, and price level of the male cosmetics have on consumer attitude. The design of this research was comprised of $2{\times}2{\times}2$ mixed design studies. The first element was high price sensitivity vs. low sensitivity, the second element was the bundle discount type (mixed leader vs. mixed-joint), and the third element was the price level of male cosmetics (high-price brand vs. low-price brand). The results of this study showed that price sensitivity, bundle discount type and price level of male cosmetic had a statistically significant interaction effect on the consumer's quality perception. The quality perception of low-cost brands for high price sensitivity/mixed-joint bundle group was low. The quality perception of low-cost brands for mixed-leader bundled groups did not change significantly even when the price sensitivity became higher. However, it can be seen as the same result that the overall value is higher when suggested the price information in Mixed-leader bundle than Mixed-joint bundle. In particular, this study suggests that price information should be presented in mixed-leader bundles for high price sensitivity and low cast brands.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.367-376
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• 2008

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate diagonal lift of tensor fields of type (1,1) from manifold to its tensor bundle of type (p, q) and to prove that when a manifold $M_n$ admits a $K\ddot{a}hlerian$ structure ($\varphi$,g), its tensor bundle of type (p,q) admits an complex structure.

• Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.413-419
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• 2018

Background: We aimed to examine the factors that influence synovialization of the grafted tendon after double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction based on second-look arthroscopic findings. Methods: Out of 205 knees that were treated between August 2008 and May 2016 with double-bundle ACL reconstruction using bio-absorbable cross-pins and Endobuttons for femoral tunnel fixation, we enrolled 65 knees (64 patients) that underwent second-look arthroscopy with hardware removal at 1 year postoperatively. Measured clinical outcomes included the Lysholm score and Tegner activity score that were evaluated preoperatively and during the final follow-up. We analyzed the relationship between synovial coverage and patient age, length of the preserved remnant tissue on the tibial side, type of bundle (anteromedial or posterolateral), type of graft (autograft or allograft), and time from injury to surgery. Results: The area of synovial coverage showed a significant statistical correlation with patient age and the length of the preserved remnant tissue on the tibial side. The average synovial coverage was significantly better for the anteromedial bundle than for the posterolateral bundle, better for the autograft than for the allograft reconstruction, and better when treated in the acute stage than in the chronic stage. However, synovialization of grafted tendon did not correlate to clinical outcomes. Conclusions: While we were able to identify several factors influencing synovialization of the grafted tendon after double-bundle ACL reconstruction, including patient age, length of preserved remnant tissue of the torn ACL, type of bundle, type of graft, and time from injury to surgery, we found no evidence that increased synovialization improves clinical outcomes at 1 year postoperatively.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.79-95
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• 2023

In this note, we define a Berger type deformed Sasaki metric as a natural metric on the second tangent bundle of a manifold by means of a biparacomplex structure. First, we obtain the Levi-Civita connection of this metric. Secondly, we get the curvature tensor, sectional curvature, and scalar curvature. Afterwards, we obtain some formulas characterizing the geodesics with respect to the metric on the second tangent bundle. Finally, we present the harmonicity conditions for some maps.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.55-77
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• 2011

가격번들링(price bundling)의 형태에는 '믹스드리더번들(mixed-leader bundle)'과 '믹스드조인트번들(mixed-joint bundle)'이 있는데 전자는 패키지 구성요소 중 하나는 정상가에 판매하고 다른 하나는 할인된 가격에 판매하는 것(예를 들면, 치아미백제를 구매하면 치약 할인)이고, 후자는 패키지의 가격을 통합하여 하나의 할인된 가격(예를 들면, 치아미백제와 치약을 함께 구매하면 총금액 할인)으로 제시하는 것이다. 메시지 프레이밍이란 동일한 광고 메시지를 어떻게 표현하느냐 하는 것인데, 제품을 사용할 경우 얻게 될 혜택 또는 긍정적인 제품 속성을 강조하는 긍정적 프레이밍과 대안을 채택하지 않을 경우 입게 되는 손실 또는 부정적인 제품속성을 강조하는 부정적 프레이밍이 있다. 본 연구는 치아미백제의 메시지 프레이밍을 '95%가 미백효과를 보았다(긍정적 프레이밍)'와 '5% 미만이 미백효과를 보지 못했다(부정적 프레이밍)'로 제시하였다. 본 연구는 개별제품에 대한 소비자의 지각된 품질수준과 태도에 대한 번들가격할인 프레이밍과 메시지 프레이밍의 상호작용효과를 탐구하였다. 연구결과 메시지 프레이밍의 주효과와 상호작용효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 긍정적 메시지프레이밍 조건에서는 믹스드조인트번들보다 믹스드리더번들에서 치아미백제에 대한 지각된 품질 및 태도가 높았으나, 부정적 메시지 프레이밍 조건에서는 믹스드리더번들보다 믹스드조인트번들에서 더 높았다. 본 연구는 번들 내 개별제품에 대한 번들가격할인 프레이밍과 메시지 프레이밍의 상호작용효과를 발견했다는 점에서 연구의 의의가 있으며, 메시지 프레이밍의 형태에 따라 번들가격 제시방법을 달리해야함을 제안하고 있다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1367-1372
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• 2008

A plate type supporting structure of a tube bundle in axial flow generates a certain band of a high frequency periodic excitation of a vortex shedding and/or a flow separation due to sharp edge of the plate thickness and a severe pressure drop due to a cross-sectional area of the supports. With a design consideration of the low vibration and a small flow resistance, the analysis method is uniquely confined to an experimental approach because a complex geometry of a cylindrical tube bundle and/or physical phenomena related to the fluid-structure interaction of tube bundle in a flow impede a theoretical or a numerical approach. A 5x5 cylindrical tube bundle with 5 supports which were discretely located along the bundle's axis was tested in the FIVPET hydraulic test loop for a design evaluation and an analysis perspectives. A high frequency flow-induced vibration of the supporting structures of the cylindrical tube bundle was measured at a outer surface of a supporting structure through a transparent flow housing by the laser dopper vibrometer. Pressure drop in-between three measurement distances was measured by the differential pressure transmitter. High frequency vibration and pressure drop fairly depends on the geometric design of supporting structure. So, these two parameters would be used as a qualitative design variables for design evaluation and analysis.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2003

Let V be a localizing infinite-dimensional complex Banach space. Let X be a flag manifold of finite flags either of finite codimensional closed linear subspaces of V or of finite dimensional linear subspaces of V. Let E be a holomorphic vector bundle on X with finite rank. Here we prove that E is uniform, i.e. that for any two lines $D_1$ R in the same system of lines on X the vector bundles E$\mid$D and E$\mid$R have the same splitting type.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2004

Various types of integrated steam generators, which integrate IHTS and a steam generator into a single unit of equipment for an LMR, were analyzed using an analytic solution with some simplification. The analysis showed that the undesirable reversed heat transfer, of which occurrence was previously observed only in an integrated single-region bundle type, can also occur in an integrated double-region bundle type. The mechanism of the reversed heat transfer occurrence in the double-region type is explained and it is shown the mechanism in the double-region type is completely different from that in the single-region type. Based on this finding, a method for preventing the aforementioned heat transfer is suggested. The performance of the four types of the integrated steam generators is assessed. For this assessment, a SG is actually designed for each type and the optimization in the geometric parameters and flow rate are optimized.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.301-312
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• 2015

In this paper, we study a class of spacelike rotational surfaces in the Minkowski 4-space $\mathbb{E}^4_1$ with meridian curves lying in 2-dimensional spacelike planes and having pointwise 1-type Gauss map. We obtain all such surfaces with pointwise 1-type Gauss map of the first kind. Then we prove that the spacelike rotational surface with flat normal bundle and pointwise 1-type Gauss map of the second kind is an open part of a spacelike 2-plane in $\mathbb{E}^4_1$.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.421-426
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• 2008

Let $M^n$ be a complete immersed super stable minimal submanifold in $\mathbb{R}^{n+p}$ with fiat normal bundle. We prove that if M has finite total $L^2$ norm of its second fundamental form, then M is an affine n-plane. We also prove that any complete immersed super stable minimal submanifold with flat normal bundle has only one end.