• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.40-54
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to present implications using local government data, focusing on the occurrence of empty houses, one of the serious social problems emerging due to population extinction and aging. The subjects of the study were Mokpo-si, which has the highest percentage of empty houses in the country, and the spatial distribution status was identified by schematizing the status of empty houses by grade on a map through data from the local government's survey on empty houses. As a result of the survey on vacant houses, it was confirmed that 90% of empty houses in Mokpo City were included in the project district of the urban regeneration strategy plan underway in Mokpo City. Currently, the empty house maintenance project is difficult to proceed smoothly due to difficulties in purchasing empty houses and lack of budget for local governments, so in order for the project to proceed quickly, it is necessary to come up with a plan to promote the project in connection with the urban regeneration strategy plan in Mokpo.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.57-64
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• 2023

This study analyzed the perceptions of elementary and secondary school teachers regarding the importance of SW/AI education in fostering students' fundamental knowledge and the necessity of integrating SW/AI into education. A total of 830 elementary and secondary school teachers were selected as study subjects using the judgment sampling method. The analysis of survey data revealed that elementary and secondary teachers exhibited a strong awareness of the importance and necessity of SW/AI education, irrespective of school characteristics, region, educational experience, or prior involvement in SW and AI education. Nevertheless, the primary reasons for not implementing SW/AI education were identified as excessive workload and a lack of pedagogical expertise. An analysis of opinions on the essential conditions for implementing SW/AI education revealed that workload reduction, budget support, teacher training to enhance teacher competency, content distribution, expansion of subject-linked courses, and dedicated instructional time allocation were the major influencing factors. These findings indicate a significant demand for comprehensive instructional support and teacher capacity-building programs.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 2024

The degree-linked programs for employees, operated by joint training centers in specialized universities that have implemented work-study integrated programs, are educational programs that require an annual government budget of around 80 billion KRW. However, the 70+ universities running these programs face issues such as a decline in academic achievement and an increase in dropout rates among students. In this paper, I conducted multiple regression analysis based on observed and measured information to examine whether the participating students in these programs are achieving an appropriate level of academic performance and to identify the factors that universities need to invest in to achieve that level. To do this, I hypothesized a causal relationship between the university's input factors and students' academic achievement, and used the SPSS program to analyze the statistical data, confirming the validity of the hypothesis. The collected data for the study were obtained through a survey developed using a Likert 4-point scale, which quantified the distribution of grades among students enrolled in IT-related departments offering the degree-linked programs for employees and the emotional contact efforts made by the universities to motivate them for academic success. Particularly, through the results of multiple regression analysis, it was confirmed that these input factors, unlike those for students in general education programs, require more personalized and frequent interactions.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.159-187
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• 2024

From the past to the present, collecting and managing collections have been one of the main functions of art museums. Museum work has focused on artworks rather than visual arts materials. Consequently, the importance of visual arts materials has tended to be undervalued, and due to persistent problems such as a lack of budget and space, the collection and management of these materials have not been easy. Furthermore, the unique nature of visual arts materials in terms of their types, sources, and distribution systems poses challenges for collecting them. Establishing a collection policy is the most fundamental and essential approach to addressing these difficulties. However, most domestic institutions collecting visual arts materials operate without a collection policy. This study aims to improve this situation by examining the current state of collecting visual arts materials at the National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Korea, a prominent art museum in South Korea, to identify problems. It then analyzes overseas cases to draw implications. Based on these findings, the study proposes measures to improve current regulations and establish a collection policy for enhancing the collection of visual arts materials.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.37-50
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• 2020

Information security has become an important issue in the world. Various information and communication technologies, such as the Internet of Things, big data, cloud, and artificial intelligence, are developing, and the need for information security is increasing. Although the necessity of information security is expanding according to the development of information and communication technology, interest in information security investment is insufficient. In general, measuring the effect of information security investment is difficult, so appropriate investment is not being practice, and organizations are decreasing their information security investment. In addition, since the types and specification of information security measures are diverse, it is difficult to compare and evaluate the information security countermeasures objectively, and there is a lack of decision-making methods about information security investment. To develop the organization, policies and decisions related to information security are essential, and measuring the effect of information security investment is necessary. Therefore, this study proposes a method of constructing an investment portfolio for information security measures using game theory and derives an optimal defence probability. Using the two-person game model, the information security manager and the attacker are assumed to be the game players, and the information security countermeasures and information security threats are assumed as the strategy of the players, respectively. A zero-sum game that the sum of the players' payoffs is zero is assumed, and we derive a solution of a mixed strategy game in which a strategy is selected according to probability distribution among strategies. In the real world, there are various types of information security threats exist, so multiple information security measures should be considered to maintain the appropriate information security level of information systems. We assume that the defence ratio of the information security countermeasures is known, and we derive the optimal solution of the mixed strategy game using linear programming. The contributions of this study are as follows. First, we conduct analysis using real performance data of information security measures. Information security managers of organizations can use the methodology suggested in this study to make practical decisions when establishing investment portfolio for information security countermeasures. Second, the investment weight of information security countermeasures is derived. Since we derive the weight of each information security measure, not just whether or not information security measures have been invested, it is easy to construct an information security investment portfolio in a situation where investment decisions need to be made in consideration of a number of information security countermeasures. Finally, it is possible to find the optimal defence probability after constructing an investment portfolio of information security countermeasures. The information security managers of organizations can measure the specific investment effect by drawing out information security countermeasures that fit the organization's information security investment budget. Also, numerical examples are presented and computational results are analyzed. Based on the performance of various information security countermeasures: Firewall, IPS, and Antivirus, data related to information security measures are collected to construct a portfolio of information security countermeasures. The defence ratio of the information security countermeasures is created using a uniform distribution, and a coverage of performance is derived based on the report of each information security countermeasure. According to numerical examples that considered Firewall, IPS, and Antivirus as information security countermeasures, the investment weights of Firewall, IPS, and Antivirus are optimized to 60.74%, 39.26%, and 0%, respectively. The result shows that the defence probability of the organization is maximized to 83.87%. When the methodology and examples of this study are used in practice, information security managers can consider various types of information security measures, and the appropriate investment level of each measure can be reflected in the organization's budget.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.143-158
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to suggest a direction for enhancing the mutual trust level between employees and managers by examining the effect of job satisfaction of electric power companies's employees and performance-oriented remuneration paid to them on awareness level of organizational justice and a trust in manager. Based on a significant positive relationship between employee's job satisfaction and trust in a manager, a significant positive relationship between employee's job satisfaction and perception of organizational justice, and a positive relationship between organizational justice and trust in manager, it was possible to confirm the mediating role of organizational justice between job satisfaction and a trust in manager. In addition, although performance-oriented remuneration did not have a significant effect on trust in manager directly, it was found to have a significant negative effect on distributive justice and procedural justice, but for interactional justice did not appear to have a significant influence. Because the autonomy of the labor budget is quite limited due to the government's total regulation on the size of the labor budget for public enterprises and due to the government's evaluation of management of public enterprises, it can be explained as having a negative effect on the perception of organizational justice. In addition, since the partial mediating effect of distributive justice and interactional justice was confirmed in the relationship between job satisfaction and trust in manager, the mediating effect of procedural justice was insignificant, it was confirmed that the need to establish and operate an internal HR management system based on smooth communication that employees can satisfy and accept can have a significant impact on trust in manager. On the other hand, because the negative complete mediating effect of distributive justice and procedural justice between performance-oriented remuneration and trust in manager was significantly confirmed, It is showing that employees' negative perceptions of performance distribution procedures and distribution results had a negative effect on trust in manager. The results of this study suggest that employees will perceive the organization as fair, and trust the manager who is the decision maker, when they are fully rewarded for their performance, with job satisfaction, a fair evaluation of their efforts, even if there are various factors that can influence managers to be trusted by their employees.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.327-339
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• 2003

During the winter in February 1998, January and April 1999, interdisciplinary research was conducted in a large area including the South Sea of Korea and northern East China Sea to examine distribution and structure. Water masses identified from the observed data are Warm Water originated from Tsushima Warm Current, Yellow Sea Cold Water (Northern or Central Cold Water) and Korean Southern Sea Cold Water. In the southern Yellow Sea, Warm Water originated from Tsushima Warm Current, flowing into the Cheju Strait after turning around the western Cheju Island, makes a front of '┍' shape, which is bounded by the Yellow Sea Central Cold Water in the southern part of Daeheuksan Island and by the Yellow Sea Northern Cold Water in the eastern part of the Yangtze Bank. This front changes its corner shape and position with strength of the warm water extension toward northwestern Yellow Sea. The position and structure of the fronts off the southwestern tip of the Korean peninsular and near the Yangtze Bank varies with observation period. In the front in the South Sea of Korea, cold coastal water which if formed independently due to local cooling, ,sinks along the sloping bottom. We explained the processes of variations in the distribution and structure of these winter fronts in terms of up-wind and down-wind flow by the seasonal monsoon, heat budget through the sea surface and density difference across the fronts.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1996.02a
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• pp.59-86
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• 1996

Current methods for evaluating unsignalized intersections, and estimating level-of-service (LOS) is determined from efficiency-based criteria such as little or no delay to very long delays. At present, similar procedures to evaluate intersections using safety-based criteria do not exist. The improvement of sight distances at intersections is the most effective way of improving intersection safety. However, a set of procedures is necessary to account for the limitations in current methodology. Such an approach would build upon such methods, but also account for: deficiencies in the current deterministic solution for the determination of intersection sight distances; opportunity for an accident and severity of an accident; and cost-effectiveness of attaining various levels of sight distances. In this research, a model that estimates the degree of safety at two-way stop-controlled intersections is described. Only crossing maneuvers are considered in this study because accidents caused by the crossing maneuvers are the dominate type among intersection accidents. Monte Carlo methods are used to estimate the hazard at an intersection as a function of roadway features and traffic conditions. Driver`s minimum gap acceptance in the crossing vehicles and headway distribution on the major road are used in the crossing vehicles and headway distribution on the major road are used in the model to simulate the real intersectional maneuvers. Other random variables addressed in the model are: traffic speeds; preception-reaction times of both drivers in the crossing vehicles and drivers in oncoming vehicles on the major road; and vehicles on the major roads. The developed model produces the total number of conflicts per year per vehicle and total potential kinetic energy per year per vehicle dissipated during conflicts as measurements of safety at intersections. Based on the results from the developed simulation model, desirable sight distances for various speeds were determined as 350 feet, 450 feet and 550 feet for 40 mph, 50 mph and 60 mph prevailing speed on the major road, respectively. These values are seven to eight percent less than those values recommended by AASHTO. A safety based level-of-service (LOS) is also developed using the results of the simulation model. When the total number of conflicts per vehicle is less than 0.05 at an intersection, the LOS of the intersection is `A' and when the total number of conflicts per vehicle is larger than 0.25 at an intersection, the LOS is `F'. Similarly, when the total hazard per vehicle is less than 350, 000 1b-ft2/sec2, the LOS is `F'. Once evaluation of the current safety at the intersection is complete, a sensitivity analysis can be done by changing one or more input parameters. This will estimate the benefit in terms of time and budget of hazard reduction based upon improving geometric and traffic characteristics at the intersection. This method will also enable traffic engineers in local governments to generate a priority list of intersection improvement projects.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.576-594
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to derive policy implications in allocating day care centers for the elderly with more efficiency and/or equity by calculating and analysing the accessibility scores of individual dongs to day care centers for the elderly in Seoul using GIS spatial analysis techniques. The study finds that the spatial distribution of the centers does not respond to the distribution of the potential users very well and that dongs in Gangseo-gu and Songpa-gu at the outskirt of Seoul has the lowest level of accessibility. The findings of the study has policy implications in the management of day care centers for the elderly. First, in order to improve the accessibility of the elderly to the centers, an increase in the number and the capacity of the centers needs to be made especially in areas with lower level of services provided. Second, if policy decision is made in the way to increase the capacity of the existing centers rather than to increase the number of centers due to, for example, the budget limit, capacity expansion needs to be made in the centers with higher proximity in order for more elderly people to use the centers more frequently with easy access. Finally, this type of accessibility analysis techniques needs to be used to allocate, expand, and evaluate other types of care facilities for the elderly and social welfare facilities in order to preserve the welfare right of the users of the facility who usually have a lower mobility and to assure the necessity of the resource investment.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2007

The international EARTHSHINE mission is to measure 1% anomaly of the Earth global albedo and total solar irradiance using Amon-Ra instrument around Lagrange point 1. We developed a new ray truing based integrated end-to-end simulation tool that overcomes the shortcomings of the existing end-to-end performance simulation techniques. We then studied the in-orbit radiometric performance of the breadboard Anon-Ra visible channel optical system. The TSI variation and the Earth albedo anomaly, reported elsewhere, were used as the key input variables in the simulation. The output flux at the instrument focal plane confirms that the integrated ray tracing based end-to-end science simulation delivers the correct level of incident power to the Amon-Ra instrument well within the required measurement error budget of better than ${\pm}0.28%$. Using the global angular distribution model (ADM), the incident flux is then used to estimate the Earth global albedo and the TSI variation, confirming the validity of the primary science cases at the L1 halo orbit. These results imply that the integrated end-to-end ray tracing technique, reported here, can serve as an effective and powerful building block of the on-line science analysis tool in support of the international EARTHSHINE mission currently being developed.