• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.652-656
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• 2006

Constant load model is widely used for an electric train to perform the static analysis of AT (Auto Transformer) feeding systems. In this model, the train will be considered as a constant load model when it drives or as a constant source model when it applies regenerative brake. However there must be some constraints imposed on the pantagraph voltage in actual operations. These constraints are established for the reason of protecting the feeding facilities from excessive rise of regenerative braking voltage or guaranteeing the minimum traction power of train. In normal operating situation, the pantagraph voltage of the train should be maintained within these limits. Keeping these facts in minds, we suggest new methods or analyzing AT feeding systems using the constant power models with the conditions of voltage constraints. The simulation results from a sample system using the proposed method illustrate both the states of system variables and the supply-demand relation of power among the trains and the systems very clearly, so it is believed that the proposed method yields more accurate results than conventional methods do. The proposed methods are believed to contribute to the assessment of TCR-TSC for compensating reactive powers too.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2005

The effect of ultrasonic energy for diesel fuel and blend oil has been revealed in this paper. The experimental setup consisted of a high speed diesel engine with 4 cylinder, dynamometer and ultrasonic fuel feeding system. Ultrasonic energy was added to diesel fuel and blend oil, which is a blend of diesel fuel and rape-seed oil. As engine speed was changed, engine torque and power, brake specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency were measured in detail. As the results, by adding ultrasonic energy to diesel fuel and blend oil, the engine performance was improved in range of the experiment. The effect of improvement on brake specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency for blend oil is higher than that for diesel fuel. When ultrasonic energy was added to diesel fuel or blend oil, a rise in engine torque for diesel fuel was higher than that for blend oil, but the effect of ultrasonic energy was small. From these results, it may be desirable to add ultrasonic energy to blend oil for the use of blend oil to diesel engine.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2005

풍력 및 태양광 발전시스템은 화석에너지의 고갈에 대한 대체에너지로 각광을 받고 있으며, 환경오염을 발생하지 않고 무한정으로 사용할 수 있으나 풍속과 태양광의 변화에 따른 안정성의 문제가 발생한다. 풍력발전시스템의 경우 태풍과 급속한 풍속의 변화에 의해 시스템의 안정성 문제가 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 풍속을 이용한 피드백 제어를 기초로 하는 자동강풍제어기를 포함하는 풍력 발전시스템을 구성하였으며, 이를 다양한 조건의 실험을 통하여 입증하였다. 태양전지 어레이의 최대 출력을 위한 MPPT제어와 고르지 못한 DC 전압을 정류하기 위하여 buck-boost컨버터를 사용하였고, 실험을 동하여 시스템 출력전류 리플 저감의 결과를 확인하였다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2011

본 연구는 전력소비완화를 위해 전동열차의 출발시간을 조정하는 문제를 다룬다. 전동열차의 운행은 역행, 타행 및 제동의 단계로 구성된다. 역행단계는 전동열차의 운행을 위해 많은 전력량이 필요로 하며, 타행단계는 그 전력을 바탕으로 전력 소비가 거의 없이 운행되는 단계이고, 마지막으로 제동단계는 정차를 위해 감속하는 단계로 전동열차의 관성력으로 인해 운동에너지가 전력으로 바뀌어 회생전력이 발생한다. 회생전력은 동일 전력계통의 운행구간에서 동 시간대에 역행운행 중인 전동열차의 동력자원으로 재사용 될 수 있어 소비전력량을 줄이는 것이 가능하다. 이를 위해 혼합정수계획모형을 제안하고 모형의 실효성을 검증하기 위해 수도권 도시철도 한 구간의 전력데이터를 사용하여 실험하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1272-1278
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• 2014

본 최근 성장하고 있는 해상 풍력의 실험연구에서 풍동시험이 수직형 횡류 풍력발전시스템의 성능을 조사하기 위해 실시되었다. 풍동의 시험 부분은 제한된 크기로 인해 실제 풍력 발전의 입구 안내 베인을 약 1/5로 축소시켰고, 터빈 임펠러의 지름을 모형 임펠러의 1/2로 감소시켰다. 임펠러 블레이드 갯수는 풍력 발전 시스템의 출력에 대한 또 다른 중요한 변수이기 때문에 8개와 16개로 변경하여 시험하였다. 실험 분석 결과, 모형 풍력 터빈의 출력 제동력은 정격 풍속 12m/s에서 블레이드 갯수가 8개 보다 16개일 때 82% 출력이 증가된 278와트로 측정되었고, 정격 제동력은 정격 작동 조건에서 3.9kW로 계산되었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2019

전기기계식 제동장치(EMB : Electro Mechanical Brake)는 자동차 및 철도차량의 차세대 제동장치로서 현재 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 현재의 고속열차용 제동장치는 공압 실린더를 이용하여 제동 압부력을 발생시키나 전기기계식 제동장치 (EMB)에서는 전기 모터 및 기어와의 조합을 통하여 압부력을 발생시킨다. 본 연구에서는 고압부력 발생이 가능한 EMB 구동 메커니즘을 제안하고, 해당 메커니즘을 만드는 기구장치 중 핵심부품인 기어 및 샤프트 부품들에 대한 구조 및 진동해석을 수행하였다. 한편 모델에 대한 동적 진동해석 결과 압부력이 가해진 상태에서 외부가진이 주어졌을 때 부재의 최대 응력이 항복강도 이내임이 확인되었다. 또한, 구조해석 결과 모터샤프트의 축 직경을 최대한 크게하는 설계가 강도 상 유리함을 확인하였으며, 기어와 편심샤프트를 고정하는 볼트에서 큰 전단응력이 발생할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 한편 해석모델의 메커니즘을 재현할 수 있는 시험장치를 제작하여 가장 취약한 부위인 고정 볼트부의 변형률을 구동 토크가 가해진 상태에서 측정하였다. 변형률 측정결과는 해석결과와 오차가 10% 이내로서, 해석모델의 정확도를 검증할 수 있었다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2014

When a manual transmission equipped car stops on an incline where the nose of the car is higher than the rear, hill-start control or hill-holder could prevent the vehicle from rolling backward as the car moves forward. The easy-hill assist valve consists of a check valve and a needle type ON/OFF solenoid valve connected in parallel; it is a hydraulic actuator that can maintain brake pressure using an electrical signal from the ECU. As the EHA valve is a safety-related component of the brake system, high reliability as well as superior dynamic performance is required for it to be applied in commercial vehicles. This paper presents the design of the EHA valve as a piece of equipment that can simulate the brake actuation pressure with a pressurizing piston. Following specific test standards, the experimental results validate the implemented functions of the test equipment, proving the test stand to be effective for the performance and endurance of the EHA valve.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.611-616
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• 1999

The introduction of the eddy current braking(ECB) system in HSRT(high speed railway train) is known to be advantageous, in that the system is independent on wheel-rail adhesion coefficient which is greatly affected by weather condition. It also minimize the maintenance of the brake system and does not require any additional electric energy because it is powered form the regenerated power at the time of the braking. In this study, the braking and attraction forces of the ECB are simulated by 2-D FEM and are experimentally verified on a down-scaled prototype. A control algorithm of the ECB is proposed to generate constant braking torque using linear variation of the reference current according to speed. Experimental results shows that the constant torque is generated over all operating speed region by developed control algorithm.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.750-757
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• 2005

The objective of this study is an understanding of the effect of inlet flow angle on the output power performance of a Francis hydraulic turbine, An optimum induced angle at the inlet of the turbine is one of the most important design parameters to have the best performance of the turbine at a given operating condition, In general. rotating speed of the turbine is varied with the change of water mass flowrate in a volute, The induced angle of the inlet water should be properly adjusted to the operating condition to have maximum energy conversion efficiency of the turbine, In this study. a numerical simulation was conducted to have detail understanding of the flow phenomenon in the flow path and output power of the model Francis turbine. The indicated power produced by the model turbine at a given operating condition was found numerically and compared to the brake power of the turbine measured by experiment at KIER. From comparison of two results, turbine efficiency or energy conversion efficiency of the model turbine was estimated. From the study, it was found that the rotating power of the turbine linearly increased with the rotating speed. It means that the higher volume flow rate supplied. the bigger torque on the turbine shaft generated. The maximum brake efficiency of the turbine is around 46$\%$ at 35 degree of induced angle. The difference between numerical and experimental output of the model turbine is defined as mechanical efficiency. The maximum mechanical efficiency of the turbine is around 93$\%$ at 25$\∼$30 degree of induced angle.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.778-791
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• 2005

A novel pneumatic artificial muscle actuator (PAM actuator), which has achieved increased popularity to provide the advantages such as high strength and high power/weight ratio, low cost, compactness, ease of maintenance, cleanliness, readily available and cheap power source, inherent safety and mobility assistance to humans performing tasks, has been regarded during the recent decades as an interesting alternative to hydraulic and electric actuators. However, some limitations still exist, such as the air compressibility and the lack of damping ability of the actuator bring the dynamic delay of the pressure response and cause the oscillatory motion. Then it is not easy to realize the performance of transient response of pneumatic artificial muscle manipulator (PAM manipulator) due to the changes in the external inertia load with high speed. In order to realize satisfactory control performance, a variable damper-Magneto­Rheological Brake (MRB), is equipped to the joint of the manipulator. Superb mixture of conventional PID controller and a phase plane switching control method brings us a novel controller. This proposed controller is appropriate for a kind of plants with nonlinearity, uncertainties and disturbances. The experiments were carried out in practical PAM manipulator and the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm was demonstrated through experiments, which had proved that the stability of the manipulator can be improved greatly in a high gain control by using MRB with phase plane switching control method and without regard for the changes of external inertia loads.