• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.93-109
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• 2007

Gamma distributions are some of the most popular models for hydrological processes. In this paper, a very flexible family which contains the gamma distribution as a particular case is introduced. Evidence of flexibility is shown by examining the shape of its pdf and the associated hazard rate function. A comprehensive treatment of the mathematical properties is provided by deriving expressions for the nth moment, moment generating function, characteristic function, Renyi entropy and the asymptotic distribution of the extreme order statistics. Estimation and simulation issues are also considered. Finally, a detailed application to drought data from the State of Nebraska is illustrated.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.10
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• pp.140-144
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• 1981

This paper approximates to a kernel density estimate by a truncated series of expansion involving Hermite polynomials, since this could ease the computing burden involved in the kernel-based density estimation. However, this truncated series may give a multimodal estimate when we are estiamting unimodal density. In this paper we will show a way to insure the truncated series to be positive and unimodal so that the approximation to a kernel density estimator would be maeningful.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.173-191
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was defined efficient throw motion pattern to obtain the quantitative data and to achieve successful bowling through kinetic - kinematic variables on the throw motion. Subject of group composed of three groups : Higher bowlers who are two representative bowlers with 200 average points and one pro-bowler. Middle bowlers who are three common persons with 170 average points. Lower bowler who are three common persons with 150 average points. Motion analysis on throw motion in three groups respectively has been made through three-dimension cinematography using DLT method. Two high-speed video camera at operating 180 frame per secondary. One-way ANOVA has been used to define variable relations. Analyzed result and conclusion are the following : The displacement of back of the hand must have wider difference of each right-left displacement to increase the spin of the ball. In high bowlers group, difference between the front-rear position of back of the hand in case of success and that in case of failure in follow throw is 0.17m. That is to say, momentum in case of success come to increase greatly, compared with that in case of failure. To increase the spin of the ball, the potential difference should be narrower in follow through. In case of the high bowlers, the velocity of the front-rear direction of the back of the hand has been the fastest both in release and follow through, compared with those in other groups, which has contributed to increasing the spin force of the ball. The orders in the resultant velocity of the back of the hand has shown the this : the finger tip$\rightarrow$the back of the hand$\rightarrow$wrist.These orders made the proximal segment support the distal segment. The distal segment has provided the condition to accelerate the velocity. In case of failure, the suddenly increased velocity has caused the failure in the follow through. Acutely flexing the angle of the back of the hand has contributed to lifting to increase the spin of the ball.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.227-244
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• 2005

This case examined the strategy of taking back a market leader in Korea Internet shopping mall through free book delivery service of Interpark. Although lnterpark was an oldest Internet shopping mall in Korea, its market position has been weaken and weaken due to strong challengers based on TV Home shopping companies. In order to overcome the difficult situation, Interpark chose the book division as a bowling alley. The company offered boldly a free delivery service of book for customers. The free delivery service was considered as a risky bating because it cost a lot. However, it led more customer traffic to Interpark and cross-selling of other categories. At last Interpark took back a market leader based on free book delivery service. The case showed it was very important for e-business company to analyze market and competitors and to implement bold strategies at high speed.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.17-29
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• 1994

This study attempts to examine the regional distribution and the locational pattern of leisure facilities at Kangnam-gu in Seoul. For the convenience of the analysis the facilities are classified into public and private sector and then the facilities are classified into 11 types: mineral spring resort, play ground, neighborhood park, swimming pool, gymnasium, bowling, pingpong, aerobic, golf practice, health, and billiard facilities. For the purpose data was collected from statistical yearbook in 1993 and lists of registered facility at department of living physics of Kangnam-gu office. The data of the density of facilities and the opportunity of facilities per facilities type and per region are analysed with the technology of GIS. Results may be summarized as follows. First of all, correlation between the results of Location-Allocation model and the results of Interaction model is very high. Secondly, on comparing the density of facilities with the opportunity of the facility use per eleven facility types, three discrete spatial pattems are found. The mineral spring resort facility type with the highest unbalanced density and opportunity of facility use is to be found. Play ground, neighborhood park, swimming pool, gymnasium, bowling, pingpong, and aerobic facility types have the high unbalanced density and opportunity of facility use. The golf practice, health, and billiard facility types have spatially balanced density and opportunity of facility use. Thirdly, as comparing the density and the opportunity of the facility use per 'dong' administration unit, the spatial patterns of the public and the private facilities are different in density of the facility use and otherwise two are similar in the opportunity of the facility use. Fourthly, patterns of facilities users have different charateristics based on facility use time, expense, residence, and access time and four regional patterns are to be found ; user favorable, facility profitable, user balanced, and unfavorable.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.423-432
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in upper and lower strengths and symmetry between upper body injury group, lower body injury group and non-injury group of bowling athletes. The subjects were the upper body injury group (UG), n = 16, the low body injury group (LG), n = 8, the non injury group, [NG], n = 15). The isometric strength of the bowler was measured using Manual Muscle Tester 01165 (Lafayette Instrument Company, USA) and the symmetry index (SI) was calculated. The results were as follow. The symmetry index of hip extension strength and hip external rotation strength was statistically larger in NG than LG (p <.05). The above results suggest that lower body strength and bilateral symmetry was closely related to injuries of the lower body. In order to prevent injury of the bowler, strengthening of lower body strength and symmetrical training are needed.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.285-292
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the dry matter yield and forage quality of Kenaf in relation to planting density and growing days in Cheorwon area from 20 May to 12 September in 2005. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. The main plots consisted of planting density and growing days with three cultivars of Kenaf as sub-plots; Bowling, Everglade and Tainung. The results obtained were summarized as follows. The dry matter yield increased until 92 days after planting at $10{\times}10cm^2$ planting density, but decreased after the day. The dry matter yield increased with maturity in all three cultivars, especially Dowling showed the highest dry matter yield at each harvest time. The Crude Protein (CP) contents of all three cultivars decreased with maturity. Especially, the decrease in the CP contents was greater in the early stage than in the late stage. The planting density did not affect the CP contents, even though they are little higher in $10{\times}20cm^2$ planting density. The higher CP contents were obseued in Dowling, which is not significant. No difference in the Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and Acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents was observed in the planting density and cultivar, although the increasing tendency was found with maturity. These results suggest that Kenaf can be a good potential forage crop in the northern area of Korea, especially Dowling showed the great dry matter yield and forage quality when harvested on Day 104 at $10{\times}20cm^2$ planting density.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2005

This paper is concerned with the question of servicing warranties for repairable items. During the warranty period, each time an item fails the manufacturer has the obligation to restore the item to operational condition either by repairing the item or by replacing it with a new item. In this paper, we consider repair-replacement strategies based on the condition of the failed item. For products with phase-type lifetime distributions where the phases represent the condition of the item, we develop algorithms to determine the expected cost of servicing a warranty and use it in making the repair-replacement decision. Illustrative numerical examples are presented. We also propose a dynamic strategy by taking the expected remaining warranty cost into consideration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.631-634
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• 2007

볼링게임에서 충돌기법은 중요한 요소이다. 충돌기법의 구현을 위해서, 본 논문에서는 두 개의 구를 틀 안에서 움직이면서 틀의 벽에 부딪혔을 때 또는 구와 구끼리 충돌이 일어났을 때의 상황을 고려 한다. 구 와 구끼리의 거리차를 계산하여 충돌시점을 알리며 각각의 구의 성질(무게, 속도, 방향 등)에 따라 변하는 모습을 구현한다. 실질적인 응용을 위하여 볼링 핀의 클래스를 만들고 공과 핀끼리의 충돌, 핀과 핀끼리의 충돌을 해석하는 볼링게임을 직접 구현하였다.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.7-19
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• 2007

The present study investigated some phonetic attributes which distinguish two Korean stop types $^-aspirated$ and $lax^-$ in a prosodic position which has previously received little attention, namely medial in an accentual phrase. The intonational pattern across syllables which are initial in an accentual phrase (Jun, 1993) is said to depend on the type of stop (aspirated or lax), while that of syllables which are medial in an accentual phrase are not. In Experiment 1, nine native Korean speakers read sentences with a controlled prosodic pattern in which aspirated or lax stops occurred in accentual phrase-medial position. Acoustic analysis revealed significant differences between aspirated and lax stops in closure duration, voice-onset time, and fundamental frequency (F0) values for post-stop vowels. The results indicate that a wider range of acoustic cues distinguish aspirated and lax Korean stops than previously demonstrated. Phonetic and phonological models of consonant-tone interactions for Korean will need to be revised to account for these results.