• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.43-56
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate adolescents' body esteem and clothing behaviors according to the sociocultural attitude toward appearance. The subjects were 750 adolescents in Daejeon and Chungnam province. The research method was a survey methodology and the measuring instruments consisted of sociocultural attitude toward appearance, body esteem, clothing behaviors, and subjects' demographics attributions. The data were analyzed by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, factor analysis, cluster analysis, t test, $x^2$ test, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test, using SPSS program. The results were as follows. First, 2 dimensions(internalization and awareness) were emerged on the sociocultural attitude toward appearance, and adolescents were divided into 4 groups (unreceptive group, awareness group, internalized group, and receptive group) by the sociocultural attitude toward appearance. Second, there are some differences in adolescents' body esteem according to the sociocultural attitude toward appearance. Receptive group had the lower level on body esteem than unreceptive group. Third, there are significant differences in adolescents' clothing behaviors according to the sociocultural attitude toward appearance. Receptive group had the highest psychological dependency of clothing, clothing interest, clothing individuality, and clothing conformity among 4 groups.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.126-136
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The increase of cosmetic surgery procedures is partly motivated by more positive attitude toward cosmetic surgery as a means of improving physical appearance. In this study factors expected to predict need for cosmetic surgery were examined. Methods: A descriptive design was used with 321 high school girls who completed a questionnaire about sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, body image, self-esteem, and need for cosmetic surgery. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to examine factors affecting need for cosmetic surgery. Results: Bivariate correlations showed that need for cosmetic surgery was positively correlated with internalization and awareness of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, and appearance orientation in body image and negatively correlated with self-esteem and ideal body mass index (BMI). Multiple regression showed that the predictive variables explained 22.1% in need for cosmetic surgery. The significant factors influencing need for cosmetic surgery were greater internalization and awareness of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, better appearance evaluation and higher appearance orientation in body image, lower self-esteem, and lower ideal BMI. Conclusion: Overall, results of this research suggest that prevention of media influence and body image disturbances, and promotion of self-esteem are very important to young women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.46 no.5
• /
• pp.461-469
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted in order to investigate body awareness and dietary life according to gender. Subjects of the study were 120 men and 127 women aged 20 to 30 years, who exercise regularly at a fitness center in Seoul. The subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire on body awareness, reason for regular exercise, dietary behaviors, and nutrition knowledge. The percentage of overweight and obesity was 69.2% in men, and 25.2% in women. The percentage of subjects who considered themselves as overweight was 38.3% in men and 59.8% in women. Intake of protein in men was higher than the recommended nutrient intake (RNI). Intake of energy in women was lower than the estimated energy requirement (EER). Men who considered themselves as overweight showed lower energy intake than men who considered their body weight as under and normal, whereas no difference in energy intake was observed between women who considered themselves as overweight and women who considered their body weight as under and normal.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2012

Objectives The purpose of this study was to find out whether if there is correlation between the pattern differentiation questionnaire and edema index of body composition analysis. Methods The authors obtained results of pattern differentiation Questionnaires and body composition analysis tests from 195 female patients who visited the Oriental gynecology department in Kyung Hee university Oriental medicine hospital at Gang-dong. The authors conducted correlation analysis between indicators of Body composition analysis and each part of the pattern differentiation Questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on SPSS version 13.0 for windows. Results There was negative correlation between the Phlegm Questionnaire and right arm ECF, left arm ECF, and left arm ECW of the Body composition index. There was no correlation between Yin-deficiency Questionnaire and Body composition index. There was no correlation between Heat pattern Questionnaire and Body composition index. There was positive correlation between the Cold pattern Questionnaire and right leg ECF, and right leg ECW of the body composition index. There was no correlation between degree of edema self-awareness and Body composition index. Conclusions The result showed that each Questionnaire score has different correlation or even no correlation with Body composition index and degree of edema self-awareness. Further studies are needed for a better understanding and interpretation of the relationship between edema index on Body composition analysis and Questionnaires.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.49-63
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate body recognition, eating patterns, and health status of female college students in Seoul according to body mass index. In this study, we classified subjects as underweight, normal weight, and obese according to BMI. The mean age of subjects was $20.69{\pm}1.72$ years. Average height, weight or BMI of subjects were $161.49{\pm}5.39cm$, $52.17{\pm}6.53kg$ and $20.01{\pm}2.35kg/m^2$, respectively. Body satisfaction rate was 11.5% for 'Yes', whereas body dissatisfaction rate was 88.5% (p<0.05). Body dissatisfaction rates for the 'overweight', 'body dissatisfaction' and 'underweight' groups were 54.7%, 37.5% and 3.1%, respectively. The most common reason for controlling weight was 52.8% for 'to look pretty', whereas 'stress' at 45.5% was the most common in the obese group. 'Exercise + diet therapy' was used by 48.7%, followed by 'hungry' (23.9%), 'exercise' (17.3%) and 'intermittent diet' (6.1%). 'Regular exercise' 35.3%, 'A good rest & sleep' 32.4% and 'Regular meals & taking nutrition' 26.6% were significantly important (p<0.05). Overeating was lower among obese subjects, whereas consumption of fried foods and high-fat meats was higher (p<0.05). These results suggest the need for proper nutrition education for college students.

• Trans-
• /
• v.8
• /
• pp.95-127
• /
• 2020

This research is based on using Bartenieff Fundamentals to analyze the fundamentals of Tai Chi Chuan's movements in order to develop the methods of relaxation from Tai Chi Chuan's principle movement movements It also shows that the two techniques have commonalities in many ways. First of all, taking a philosophical approach on the body movements of Tai Chi Chuan and Bartenieff, for both methods the ultimate goal is the integration of mind and body. In other words, there is a thread of connection between the East's body and mind monism and the west's Body Awareness. Secondly, looking at it from a Breath Support standpoint as used in the Bartenieff method, the two methods both use the breathing to naturally move the body and relax the body. In Tai Chi Chuan the Breath is the basis of life and the strength of the Body. So the breathing of Tai Chi chuan is what makes body and mind communicate, harmonize and integrate. In other words, Breathing in Tai Chi is realized through mental fusion and affects the movements. This is the same as the Breath Support of Bartenieff. It is said that in every aspect the Breath Support of Bartenieff influences the movement and changes both the inner and outer form of the body. Thirdly, looking at the Core Support used in the Bartenieff method, both methods emphasize core. At the same time of moving and being conscious of one's core, the usage of muscles can be deeper rather than superficial and this enables strong and flexible movement. In Tai Chi Chuan abdominal muscles used when one coughs are consciously engaged through abdominal breathing and so strength is collected in the core. When one exercises like that the core becomes more stable and breathing becomes more smooth. Fourthly, analyzing the Rotary Factor used in the Bartenieff Fundamentals, they both use rotary movement to reach the goal of physical relaxation. The rotation factor of Bartenieff allows movement to be easier and more free because of the characteristic of joint exercise where the center axis moved in three dimensions, this is the same in Tai Chi chuan. According to Tai Chi chuan's circle and Spiral Movements, it can achieve the relaxation through switching into a seamless flow and access space as much as possible. Finally, when looking at Developmental Patterning through Bonnie Bainbridge Cohen's Body-Mind Centering Work theory, presented from Bartenieff developmental model are similar with the developmental process of Tai Chi chuan Breath, Core-Distal Connectivity/Navel Radiation, Head-Tail Connectivity/Spinal Movement, Upper-Lower Connectivity/Homologous, Body-Half Connectivity/Homo-Lateral Connectivity, Cross-Lateral Connectivity/Contra-Lateral Connectivity. They are all similar. In other words, in Tai Chi Chuan energy is gathered in the core through breathing, upper and lower body are connected through the spine, not only homo-laterally but also cross-laterally. Through this study the expression of the dance movements can be more natural. Additionally based on the Body Awareness balance usage of the central axis, joints and body can develop the relax technique.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.190-204
• /
• 2010

Understanding awareness and wearing behavior of functional textiles for silver generation is expected to contribute to clothing products development to improve and maintain their health and marketing strategy fit for user characteristics. For empirical research, a survey was developed and the aged 50 and above were 332 respondents. The results of the study are as follows. First, the level of awareness for both comfort-oriented and health/safetyoriented functional fabrics in high health-conscious group was much higher than that in low health-conscious group. In number of wearing times, health body and high-conscious group wear comfort-oriented fabrics more frequently, while weak body group wear health/safety-oriented fabrics more often. The health-consciousness significantly influenced the possession of active sportswear with various functions. Second, the awareness of functional fabrics in exercise activities groups was much higher than that in exercise-conscious groups. High exercise activities group know more about the wet sensation-related fabrics and clothing materials for outdoor activities. Low exercise-conscious group put on health/comfort-oriented fabrics for casuals more frequent than functional fabrics for sportswear. High exercise activities group preferred to wear sportswear suitable for outdoor activities. The aged people have a lot of health/comfort-oriented functional casual wear appropriate for indoor activities regardless of exercise-consciousness. However, the more they enjoy exercise activities the more they are interested in functional sportswear. Even though they were unconcerned with exercise, older people are interested in functional casual clothes. As a conclusion, the high interest in health and exuberant activities in silver generation arose the necessity of new multi-functional clothing products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.34 no.10
• /
• pp.1731-1741
• /
• 2010

Personal appearance attitude about the ideal beauty is influenced by the context of the culture one belongs to. In a cultural sphere the higher public self-consciousness individuals have then the more sensitive one would be to the sociocultural pressure about thinness and thus the higher the expectations about the ideal appearance. Accordingly, in that culture one would have more body shame when they do not reach the ideal beauty standard. This study examines the difference between Korean and German culture, with a focus on the age group of university students who are especially sensitive to aesthetic consciousness. The results are as follows: There were differences of public self-consciousness, perceived sociocultural pressure, appearance internalization, appearance awareness and body shame between the two cultural spheres; in addition, Korean female university students were significantly higher in all the variables when compared to German female university students. The higher public self-consciousness and perceived sociocultural pressure then the higher the internalization of the ideal appearance; the ideal appearance awareness increased the body shame. In the case of the German female university student group, public self-consciousness influenced body shame directly; however, in case of the Korean female university student group public self-consciousness were not directly affective. Rather, perceived sociocultural pressures directly affected body shame and showed the difference between the cultural spheres. Finally, in regards to the direct effect about body shame, the German female university student group noted the influence of public self-consciousness as the most significant; however, the Korean female university student group noted the influence of sociocultural pressure as the most significant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.33 no.11
• /
• pp.1768-1773
• /
• 2009

This study determines the body size of preteen children and conducts questionnaire investigations into the awareness of real purchasers or parents of and satisfaction with children's clothes and fit, in order to provide the basic data for planning and setting up the size range for the preteens market in which the sales of children clothes are gradually increasing. The findings of this study are as follow: Analyzing the obesity of the children against the Rohrer index showed that almost 30% of the subjects were obese children and that it is necessary to research the sizes of the clothes for obese children. It was also found that older children selected a more appropriate clothe size. Investigations into the awareness of children on their body image found that there was a significant difference in the perception of body shape, body weight, shoulder breath, arm thickness, chest girt, waist girth, hip girth, and thigh thickness. Slim or standard type children had the greatest consideration for the length of clothes to purchase while obese children had the greatest consideration for bosom size and waist girth. However, in terms of the association between fitness and size selection, obese children did not select a bigger size but an appropriate one for their body. The findings show that it is imperative to develop appropriate size clothes for obese children.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.914-922
• /
• 2014

This study was to investigate sociocultural attitude toward appearance, body image, and self-esteem predict the appearance management in middle and high school girls. A descriptive compare design was used with self-report questionnaires, which were completed by 384 subjects. Data was analyzed with t-test and regression. There were statistically significant differences in sociocultural attitude toward appearance (internalization, awareness), body image (appearance evaluation, appearance orientation, body area satisfaction), and appearance management (weight management, cloth management, face management) between the two groups. Regression analysis revealed sociocultural attitude toward appearance (internalization, awareness) and appearance orientation of body image were predictors of appearance management in middle school girls. The significant predictors of appearance management for high school girls were body image (appearance evaluation, appearance orientation, body area satisfaction). The study gives new suggestions that there is necessary different methods to educate and council for appearance management in middle and high school girls.