• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.39-45
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• 2016

Objectives : Abnormal regulation of glucose and impaired lipid metabolism that result from a defective or deficient insulin are the key etiological factor in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The our study investigated the effects of Gamioknyeo-jeon (GO) on blood glucose and lipid metabolism improved by it in db/db mice (a murine model of type 2 diabetes mellitus).Methods : The animals were divided into 3 groups: Normal groups were not-treated C57BL/6 mice; Control groups were treated orally with DW in db/db mice; GO groups were treated orally with GO (200 ㎎/㎏/day) in db/db mice. After mice were treated with GO for 5 weeks, we measured AST, ALT, creatinine, BUN, body weight, food intake, blood glucose, insulin and lipid levels (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol and atherogenic index(AI) and cardiac risk factor(CRF).Results : Serum AST, ALT, creatinine, BUN levels were not changed by GO do not show any toxic effects. GO groups were decreased in body weight, food intake and blood glucose level among compared to Control groups. Also, GO groups were found to have atherogenic Index and cardiac risk factor as well as lipid metabolism improvement (total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decrease). Finally, GO groups were increased the insulin compared to Normal and control groups.Conclusions : We suggest that GO may have the control effects of diabetes mellitus by improving blood glucose control and lipid metabolism.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.191-200
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• 1986

It is now generally accepted that individuals at increased risk for cardiovascular disease may be identified by certain traits or habbits. The factors such as high blood pressure, elevated blood cholestrol, age, sex and obesity are associated with increseaed frequency of disease. The blood cholesterol level lowering will decrease cardiovascular disease risk. The regression of atherosclerosis can be achieved by lowering the level of circulating cholesterol. Those things are connected with the quantity and quality of protein, fats, carbohydrates, especially soluble and non-soluble fiber, magnesium and calcium. The lipoprotein and lipid metabolism are connected with the lipid transport. The factors on lipid absorption and blood serum lipid pattern of human are exist. The factors have a variety of materials with different chemical and physical properties. The soluble fiber diet make a low blood and liver lipids. Many kind of soluble fiber results in a lowering of blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The cholesterol lowering effects of dietery fiber may be a results of alterations of in intestinal handling of fats, hepatic metabolism of fatty acid or triglyceride acid metabolism of lipoprotein. It is investigated that the high density lipoprotein (HDL) is inversely related to coronary artery disease. It has been postulated that HDL may be an important factor in cholesterol efflux from the tissues, therby reducing the amount of cholesterol deposited there. Alternatively, the HDL may pick up cholestyl ester and phospholipid during normal VLDL lipolysis in the plasma. The HDL levels are relatively insensitive to diet. At present time, the cause-and -diet effect of HDL's inverse relation to CHD remains unclear.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.535-543
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of brown rice and brown rice phytosterol on blood pressure and lipid levels in spontaneously hypertension rats (SHR). SHR were grouped according to blood pressure and fed either a control diet or experimental diets containing 50% brown rice powder or 5% brown rice phytosterol for 3 weeks. Body weight gain and epididymal fat weight were significantly reduced in the brown rice powder and brown rice phytosterol groups compared to control. Brown rice and brown rice phytosterol diets suppressed age-dependent increases in systolic blood pressure compared to control. In addition, brown rice and brown rice phytosterol diets decreased total lipid, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels in the liver, whereas serum HDL cholesterol increased. Lastly, brown rice phytosterol reduced TBARS contents in the kidney. These results suggest that brown rice and brown rice phytosterol exert antihypertensive effects that improve lipid metabolism in SHR.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.712-716
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) on the blood glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups fed control, sea tangle powder (15%, w/w), or sea tangle water extract (4%, w/w) diet. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.) in citrate buffer. The animals were fed each of the experimental diet for 13 weeks. Serum insulin was increased by dietary supplementation of sea tangle in diabetic rats. Dietary sea tangle reduced blood glucose level of diabetic rats compared to the diabetic rats fed control diet. Dietary sea tangle also reduced the serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and triglyceride in the diabetic rats. While hepatic lipids were reduced, fecal excretion of lipids was increased by supplementation with dietary sea tangle in the diabetic rats. These results indicate that dietary sea tangle decreased blood glucose and improved lipid metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats and this effect might be exerted by increases in serum insulin and fecal excretion of lipids.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1021-1027
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• 2014

This study was designed in order to determine the influences of haw (Crataegus pinnatifida $B_{UNGE}$) on the lipid metabolism syndrome. Sprague Dawley rats, 7 weeks old, were given four different types of diets for 5 weeks: ND group (noncholesterolemic diet), HE group (non cholesterolemic diet+haw extract), CD group (cholesterolemic diet), CH group (cholesterolemic diet+haw extract). Concentrations of LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, blood glucose were remarkably higher in the CD group than the other groups. But by treatment of haw extract group with cholesterolemic diet (CH group) were significantly decreased compared with CD group. Cholesteryl ester ratio was no difference between CD group and CH group. These results indicate that Crataegus pinnatifida $B_{UNGE}$ would be effective in lipid metabolism syndrome.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.223-228
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• 1994

In this study, we examined gangliosides from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat brain. To obtain the diabetic rat brain, we sacrified the rat three days after injecting the streptozotocin into venus in tail. We measured blood glucose level according to Somogy-Nelson method and measured insulin level using $^{125}$ I-insulin RIA kit. The gangliosides were extracted according to Folch-Suzuki method from the rat brain. We also examined the effect of major lipid components extracted from deer antler on diabetic rat brain. The results showed that the major lipids components lowered both blood glucose and insulin level in normal rat. However only the blood glucose level in diabetic rat was lowered with major lipid components. In diabetic rat brain, gangliosides metabolism were changed. The amount of GMla was increased while GDla, GDlb, and GTlb were not synthesized. Furthermore, undefined ganglioside was found. In major lipid component-treated diabetic rat brain, the ganglioside metabolism proceeded as same as the normal rat. On the contrary, in bovine brain gangliosides-treated diabetic rat brain, the gangliosides metabolism was not recovered to normal one.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 2004

This study was conducted to examine the effect of dietary iron levels on lipid metabolism, antioxidative and antithrombogenic capacities in 16-month-old rats. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male 16-month-old rats weighing 618 $\pm$ 6 g were raised for 10 days with medium-iron diet (35 ppm in diet) and blocked into 4 groups according to their body weights. One of groups was sacrificed to obtain initial data and the rest 3 groups were raised for 3 months with experimental diets containing different levels of iron (5 ppm, 35 ppm, and 350 ppm). Total lipid, triglyceride and total chole-sterol concentrations in plasma and liver, HDL-cholesterol concentration in plasma, fecal total lipid triglyceride and total cholesterol excretions, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in plasma LDL + VLDL (low density lipoprotein + very low density lipoprotein) fractions, blood-clotting time and eicosanoids levels in plasma were measured. The results are as follows: Plasma total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations, TBARS level in plasma LDL + VLDL fractions were increased and blood-clotting time tended to be shortened during 3 months of experimental period. Low (5 ppm) iron diet improved lipid metabolism via increasing HDL-cholesterol and fecal choles-terol excretion. High (350 ppm) iron diet decreased plasma total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations as compared to medium (35 ppm) iron diet and lowered body weight and epididymal fat pad weight. On the other hand, TBARS level in plasma LDL + VLDL fractions and blood-clotting time were increased with high iron diet. It is plausible that low iron diet improves lipid metabolism, antioxidative and antithrombogenic capacities in 16-month-old rats.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.137-146
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• 2021

In This study investigated the effects of various intensity cycling exercise on body composition, blood lipids and fat metabolism in obese middle-aged women. 17 people obesity middle - aged women aged 35 to 55 years were divided into 3 groups: 5 people in the low intensity group, 6 people in the medium intensity group, and 6 people in the high intensity group. The object of this study was to compare the effect of cycle exercise performed between 20 ~ 50 minutes per a day,1 3 day times per week on the body composition, lipid profile and lipid metabolism of obesity middle - aged women. There was not substantial difference in body construction between groups. in blood lipid changes, there was a substantial difference in glucose between groups, There was not substantial difference between groups in the change of fat metabolism. In addition, there was not substantial difference in the interaction effect between time and time × group. It is expected that the results of this study will be used as basic data for related field.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2015

BACKGROUD/OBEJECTIVES: The mechanism of how black garlic effects lipid metabolism remains unsolved. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of black garlic on lipid profiles and the expression of related genes in rats fed a high fat diet. MATERIALS/METHODS: Thirty-two male Sqrague-Dawley rats aged 4 weeks were randomly divided into four groups (n=8) and fed the following diets for 5 weeks: normal food diet, (NF); a high-fat diet (HF); and a high-fat diet + 0.5% or 1.5% black garlic extract (HFBG0.5 or HFBG1.5). Body weights and blood biochemical parameters, including lipid profiles, and expressions of genes related to lipid metabolism were determined. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in the final weights between the HFBG1.5 and HF groups. All blood biochemical parameters measured in the HFBG1.5 group showed significantly lower values than those in the HF group. Significant improvements of the plasama lipid profiles as well as fecal excretions of total lipids and triglyceride (TG) were also observed in the HFBG1.5 group, when compared to the HF diet group. There were significant differences in the levels of mRNA of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) in the HFBG1.5 group compared to the HF group. In addition, the hepatic expression of (HMG-CoA) reductase and Acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) mRNA was also significantly lower than the HF group. CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of black garlic extract lowers SREBP-1C mRNA expression, which causes downregulation of lipid and cholestrol metahbolism. As a result, the blood levels of total lipids, TG, and cholesterol were decreased.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

To examine the effect of Codium fragile on blood cholesterol and lipid metabolism, hyperlipidemia was induced in experimental animal rats through the administration of a hypercholesterolemic diet. Codium fragile powder was then administered to the rats for 5 weeks, after which, blood biochemical changes such as blood cholesterol, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST: serum SGOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT: serum SGPT) enzyme activity, etc. were determined. And histological changes in liver cells were examined using an electron microscope. Codium fragile treatment resulted in a significant reduction of the levels of total cholesterol, blood triglyceride and low-density cholesterol (LDL. Chol) compared to the control rats. In contrast the expression levels of high-density cholesterol (HDL. chol.) were increased. The AST value of the Codium fragile administration group was significantly reduced and the blood ALT value of the Codium fragile group showed a significant decrease in comparison to the negative control group. In summary, this study demonstrated the beneficial possibilities of Codium fragile in improving the abnormality of lipid metabolism caused by liver cell damage and hyperlipidemia.