• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2001

The effect of Dolichos lablab leave extract on enzyme activities in mice blood was investigated in this study to clarify the new useful application of the Plant leaves. There were not significant differences in the enzyme activities in mice blood among treatment fed with the leave extract and non fed control. The feeding treatment with the extract showed a tendency to activity compared to the nun fed control. The activities of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase in mice blood at the treatment fed with lead and the leave extract were significantly low compared to their activities at the non fed treatment with the extract, respectively. The choline esterase activity was high at the leave extract feeding. The cadmium dietary treatment showed the same result as the lead treatment. In conclusion, the physiological function of the Jebikong leave was significantly in creased when the mice was stressed by the hear metal intake. Therefore, the plant leave extract would consider the reduction of heart metal effect.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.46-60
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• 2023

Slaughterhouse blood is a by-product of animal slaughter that can be a good source of animal protein. This research purposed to examine the functional qualities of the blood plasma from Hanwoo cattle, black goat, and their hydrolysates. Part of the plasma was hydrolyzed with proteolytic enzymes (Bacillus protease, papain, thermolysin, elastase, and α-chymotrypsin) to yield bioactive peptides under optimum conditions. The levels of hydrolysates were evaluated by 15% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The antioxidant, metal-chelating, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory properties of intact blood plasma and selected hydrolysates were investigated. Accordingly, two plasma hydrolysates by protease (pH 6.5/55℃/3 h) and thermolysin (pH 7.5/37℃/3-6 h) were selected for analysis of their functional properties. In the oil model system, only goat blood plasma had lower levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances than the control. The diphenyl picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity was higher in cattle and goat plasma than in proteolytic hydrolysates. Ironchelating activities increased after proteolytic degradation except for protease-treated cattle blood. Copper-chelating activity was excellent in all test samples except for the original bovine plasma. As for ACE inhibition, only non-hydrolyzed goat plasma and its hydrolysates by thermolysin showed ACE inhibitory activity (9.86±5.03% and 21.77±3.74%). In conclusion, goat plasma without hydrolyzation and its hydrolysates can be a good source of bioactive compounds with functional characteristics, whereas cattle plasma has a relatively low value. Further studies on the molecular structure of these compounds are needed with more suitable enzyme combinations.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.348-352
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• 1996

The antioxidant efficacy of aspalatone, a new antithrombotic agent, has been recognized in the neurotoxic model and in the cardiotoxic model in proliminary studies. We examined the specific activity of antiosidnat enzyme in the rat blood following administrations of aspirin, maltol, aspirin together with maltol, salicylmaltol (major metabolite of aspalatone) and aspalatone, respectively. Our assessment showed that salicylmaltol, maltol, aspalatone enhanced antiperoxidative activity. In addition, neither aspirin nor combination of aspirin and maltol, showed any significant effect on the activity of antioxidant enzyme. Because $H_{2}$$O_{2}$ accumulation may stimulate the thrombogenesis in blood, the result suggests that the induction of blood antiperoxidative activity produced by aspalatone may have beneficial effects on the thrombogenesis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.476-484
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• 2006

To elucidate the relationship between blood parameters related bone metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activity in postmenopausal period 60 women residing in Iksan area were recruited. Food and nutrient intake of each individual subject were estimated by 24-hour recalls of 3 non-consecutive days. The biochemical markers including total protein, albumin, osteocalcin (intact bone gla protein; BOP), calcium, phosphorus and hemoglobin were measured in fasting blood. In addition, parameters of antioxidative capacity including the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) , catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (TA) were monitored in blood, also. The mean age, height, weight, and BM! of subjects were 64.8 years, 151.1 em, 59.5 kg $26.0\;kg/m^2$, respectively. The mean SOD, GPx, and CAT activities were 138.5 U/ml, 1,273.8 U/ml and 314.3 kU/l respectively, and TA was 1.16 mmol/l without significant difference among different age groups. BMI was positively correlated with SOD activity (p < 0.01). SOD activity and CAT activity showed positive correlation with serum albumin (p < 0.05) and hemoglobin (p < 0.01). In conclusion, this study revealed that antioxidant enzyme activity holds a significant relationship with the blood parameters like as serum albumin and hemoglobin in postmenopausal women and further systematic research is needed to investigate the their relation mechanism.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.87-98
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• 2008

The purposes of this study are to measure physiological reactions of human body according to the scalp treatment, a popularized service in beauty care industry and propose efficient ways of scalp treatment. To meet the goals, total 30 applicants without any medical history(5 males and 5 females in 20's, 30's and 40's respectively) were informed on the purpose of experiment hereof and were investigated and received a 30-minute scalp treatment, which combines standardized scalp treatment massage technique proposed by KAT and ITF with another massage technique operated in the beauty salon run by the author of this paper. 5ml of blood samples were taken from each subject before and after the scalp treatment respectively and the blood sample was divided into 3 different tubes for analysis: 1) 2 ml for blood cell analysis, 2) 2ml for enzyme activity measurement, 3) 1ml for hormone level reading. In order to determine effects of scalp treatment on ALP, GOT, GPT, ${\gamma}-GTP$, WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, Platelet, MCV, MCH and MCHC, all collected data were used for measuring respective levels of these blood substances by means of enzyme reaction measurement, enzyme activity measurement and automated hematology analyzer. Then, all measured data were analyzed through paired t-test using SPSS WIN 11.5. As a result, the scalp treatment is associated with improving hepatic function, facilitating blood circulation and helping blood coagulation and hemostasis in a effective way. Therefore, it would be necessary to conduct further studies on this subject related to anemia in the future.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.600-605
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• 1999

For the production of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptides as a material for antihypertensive functional foods from animal blood produced in slaughterhouse, the optimum condition for enzymatic hydrolysis to yield a peptide fraction of the highest activity were investigated with a respect of industrial production. Among several industrially-usable enzymes tested, $Alcalase^？$ produced hydrolysates of the highest activity from total plasma and purified albumin. $IC_50$ values of albumin hydrolysate and its third fraction separated by gel chromatography were 0.5 and 0.02 mg/mL, respectively. The fraction was found to be obtained by a simple ultrafiltration using a membrane of MW cutoff 1,000. The possibility for the industrial production of antihypertensive peptides from animal blood plasma protein was suggested.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.152-157
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of soybean on blood glucose and lipid concentrations, and antioxidant enzyme activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) patients. We divided patients into two groups and fed them, respectively, a basal diet(control group) and a basal diet with 69 g/d of soybean(soybean group) for 4 weeks. Pills with roasted soybean powder were provided to the soybean supplementation group three times a day. Macronutrients intake except dietary fiber was similar between the two groups. No significant differences were observed in dietary intakes or body weight before and after the supplementation. Energy composition ratio of C:F:P was 65:19:16 in the control group, 64:20:16 in the soybean group. The blood parameters of subjects before supplementation, such as fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose level, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and $HbA_1C$ were not different between the two groups. After supplementation, fasting blood glucose(p<0.001), postprandial glucose level(p<0.001) and serum triglyceride level(p<0.05) were significantly reduced in the soybean group in comparison with the control group. The total cholesterol level was not significantly different between the control and the supplemented group after 4 weeks of treatment. TBARS levels of the soybean group were not significantly different from those of the control group. The activities of catalase(p<0.01) and glutathione peroxidase(p<0.05) were significantly higher in the soybean group compared to the control group. The results of this study suggest that soybean supplementation would be helpful to control blood glucose and serum lipid in diabetic patients. Also, soybean showed an antioxidant activity that may contribute to enhance the effect of antioxidant defense. This activity contributes to protection against oxidative damage in type 2 DM patients. Soybean may have potential use in the disease management of patients with DM.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.1031-1038
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• 2003

This study was aimed at investigating the change of blood mineral and enzyme activity during growth period of velvet antler in Korean spotted deer. Samples of blood, obtained from the jugular vein of twenty-five deer(4 to 6 year-old males), were taken in 10 days interval from just after casting to 50 days. Deer were randomly selected from the farm, and samples were analyzed for blood parameters like mineral concentration and enzyme activities. No significant differences found in calcium and phosphorus concentration in blood whereas sodium, potassium and chloride concentration were significantly changed with antler growth. There were no significant differences in alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, $\gamma$-glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase during growth of antler, but alkaline phosphatase concentration was increased with growth of antler, and the highest concentration was obtained on the 50 days after casting. Creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities for the deer tested in this experiment were higher than those of other animals.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1505-1511
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• 2004

Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity is one of the common antihypertensive methods functioned by drugs such as captopril, lisinopril and enalapril to serve as inhibitors of ACE. This study was designed to compare the effects of enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and GLM002, an oriental medicine, on tail systolic pressure, aorta and plasma properties in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) after 4 weeks of treatment. During the treatment, blood pressure was depressed to normal in GLM002 and enalapril groups. The treatments of enalapril and GLM002 were discontinued in 4 weeks. One week after the treatment stop, systolic blood pressure was smoothly increased in both groups; the increment of blood pressure was slightly greater in GLM002-SHR, but the increment of plasma ACE activity was proportionately similar in each group. In the aspects of the triglyceride, HDL and total cholesterol level, those levels were slightly different among each group. We also conducted clinical dosage of GLM002 to the patients who have mild and severe hypertension for approximately 7 weeks. Clinical treatments also showed remarkable efficiencies on blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure), complete blood count (CBC) routine, differ count (NEUTRO, LYM, MONO, EOS and BASO) and R-chemistry. We conclude that GLM002, like already proven enalapril, plays a role as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and can be suggested as a drug candidate for curing hypertension.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.327-333
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• 2007

The present study was carried out to evaluate the physiological effects of mushroom supplementation on blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and antioxidant enzyme activities in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects were randomized into either a control group or mushroom supplementation group. Mushroom supplementation was provided 3 times a day for 4 weeks. We found that total dietary fiber intake was about 2.5 times higher (30.3 g vs. 12.3 g) in subjects receiving mushroom supplementation than in the control group. Two groups maintained the same food intake and amount of activity, exercise during the supplementation. We observed no difference in age, height, weight, BMI (body mass index), blood pressure between the groups. Nutrient intake did not differ appreciably between the two groups, except for fiber intake, during the supplementation. Fasting blood glucose levels and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels were significantly lower in those ingesting mushroom than in controls. Furthermore, the concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased significantly in the mushroom supplementation group. Small changes were observed in the concentration of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of those supplemented with mushroom, but these changes were not statistically significant. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase with mushroom supplementation were higher than in controls, but and glutathione peroxidase activity was not affected. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance of mushroom group were lower than control group, but were not significant. We conclude that addition of mushroom influences glycemic control and may be effective in lowering blood lipids and improving antioxidant enzyme activities. Accordingly, such effects may reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, to confirm these effects and to make dietary recommendations for patients with type 2 diabetes, further studies are necessary.