• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.108-114
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• 1993

The risks of homologous blood transfusion are well documented and recently increased with the emergence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This is a report concerning 29 consecutive adult with no blood conservation patients (Group I) who had an elective cardiac operations. A similar group of 29 patients operated on 1992 but with blood conservation (Group II). In I of Group I patients and 15 of Group II patients, no homologous blood products were required. Group II patients used significantly less fresh frozen plasma (2.05${\pm}$0.68 unit versus 6.52${\pm}$0.72 unit, p<0.05) and the homologous blood transfusion (0.42${\pm}$0.9 unit versus 3.64${\pm}$0.17 unit, p<0.05) than Group I patients. Group II patients had also significantly less postoperative bleeding (338${\pm}$39.9 ml versus 585${\pm}$93.0 ml, p<0.05) than Group I patients. Group II patients recieved 460${\pm}$62.6 ml of mediastinal shed blood in acquired group. In conclusion, a simple and inexpensive blood conservation program, mainly combining autologous blood removal before bypass, retransfusion of the volume remaining in the oxygenator, and consistent autotransfusion of mediastinal shed blood has enabled us to avoid infusion of homologous blood in 15/29 patients of Group II patients. No side effects or complicatinos could be related to the blood conservation program.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 1998

과산화 효소와 포도당 산화효소의 효소반응을 이용하여 혈액 중 당을 측정하는 혈당 측정 용 스트립을 개발하였다. 멤브레인에 포도당 산화효소와 과산화 효소, 색원체를 건조처리하면 혈당이 멤브레인에 처리된 포도당 산화효소와 즉각 반응하여 과산화 수소를 발생하고 발생된 과산화 수소가 과산화 효소와 반응하여 착색물을 형성한다. 제조된 스트립은 혈액과 접촉하면 반응시간 2∼3분 이내에 0∼800mg/d1의 혈당에 대하여 농도에 따라 연 녹, 청 녹, 짙은 청색을 나타내며 이때 민감도는 40 mg/dl이었다. 육안용 혈당 스트립을 이용하여 정상을 포함한 당뇨 환자의 혈당 농도를 측정한 결과 Ames사와 BM사에서 시판하고 있는 제품과 유사한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 스트립이 자동 분석기기의 재료로 활용될 수 있는지 여부를 알아보기 위하여 분광 비색계로 발색 반응의 최적 파장을 분석하고 최적 파장에서 각 혈당 농도별 반사 밀도를 측정하여 검정선을 얻었다. 이 검정선에 의해 임상 혈청시료의 혈당 농도를 측정한 결과 일본의 Kyoto Daiichi사의 혈액 분석시스템과 유사한 결과를 얻었다. 이로서 본 연구에서 개발한 혈당 스트립을 이용하여 혈액 중 혈당량을 육안으로 측정할 수 있음은 물론 자동 분석기기의 기본 시료로 이용될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1036-1041
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• 2004

A newly designed pressure-scanning slit viscometer is developed to combine an optical device without refraction while measuring blood viscosity over a range of shear rates. The capillary tube in a previously designed capillary viscometer was replaced with a transparent slit, which is affordable to mount optical measurement of flowing blood cells. Using a pressure transducer, we measured the change of pressure in a collecting chamber with respect to the time, p(t), from which the viscosity and shear rate were mathematically calculated. For water, standard oil and whole blood, excellent agreement was found between the results from the pressure-scanning slit viscometer and those from a commercially available rotating viscometer. This new viscometer overcomes the drawbacks of the previously designed capillary viscometer in the measuring whole blood viscosity. First, the pressure-scanning slit viscometer can combine an optical instrument such as a microscope. Second, this design is low cost and simple (i.e., ease of operation, no moving parts, and disposable).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2007

A pedagogic model for blood flow is introduced to help medicine majors understand a simplified version of Navier-Stokes equations which is known to be a good tool for interpreting the phenomena in blood flow. The pressure gradient consists of a time-independent part known as Hagen-Poiseuille's gradient and a time-dependent part known as Sexl's, and the model formula for the volume rate of blood flow is reduced to a very simple form. For demonstration, the blood rate in human aorta system is analyzed in connection with the time-dependence of pressure gradient. It is shown for Sexl's part that the flow rate lags the pressure gradient by ${\pi}/2$, which is thought to be due to the relaxation process involved.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.379-383
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• 2009

For an accurate risk assessment of furan, a potential human carcinogen, levels must be determined in human blood plasma using a simple and robust assay. In this study, solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) was used to analyze blood plasma levels of furan in 100 healthy individuals who consumed a normal diet. The subjects were 30 to 70 years of age and 51% were women. Ultimately, an analytical method was established for analyzing furan in human blood. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and furan recovery rate in blood were 1.0 ppb and 104%, respectively. Finally, furan was detected in 21 individuals (13 males, 8 females) with levels ranging up to 17.86 ppb (ng furan/g food).

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2006

Blood pressure was predicted from photoplethysmography (PPG). To obtain PPG, backscattered light from a fingertip was measured and its waveform was analyzed. Systolic upstroke time and diastolic time in the pulse waveform were used as parameters to predict blood pressure. The experiment was carried out with five subjects on five different days. The systolic upstroke time had a correlation coefficient of -0.605 with respect to systolic blood pressure and the diastolic time had a correlation coefficients of -0.764 for diastolic pressure. This PPG method does not require an air-cuff installation on the arm and can predict blood pressure continuously. This simple LED/photo detector setup can be a good candidate for nonconstrained monitoring of blood pressure variations.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2009

In order to provide basic data for the prevention of adverse effects of lead on health, we examined lead levels in the blood of 30 handicapped workers employed in manufacturing electronic components in Seoul from 2002 to 2008. The average lead level in the blood of all the subjects was $4.79{\pm}4.32{\mu}g/dL$ in females, $2.64{\pm}2.31{\mu}g/dL$ in males, and $3.88{\pm}3.75{\mu}g/dL$ in total. Lead levels examined in this study were significantly lower than other investigators study have reported. The average lead level from personal exposure of the subjects was $1.44{\pm}0.91mg/m^3$ in the workplace. The relation between blood lead levels and personal exposure was a simple linear regression; it's equation was "Lead level in blood = 6.04 - 1.92 lead level by personal exposure".

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2020

Recently, the problem of hypoxia caused by jogging is attracting attention. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a new solution. This paper proved that as a vocalization method of reading aloud, it is possible to increase air intake and activate lung function to exchange more air and obtain more oxygen. Then, blood oxygen saturation was used as an evaluation index for the body's oxygen content level to prove its effectiveness. A photoelectric pulse oximeter developed on the basis of different light absorption principles in blood was used to test blood oxygen saturation. Experimental results show that a certain degree of hypoxia is induced when a lot of oxygen is required due to jogging. Therefore, it was proved that the new vocal breathing method by reading books can increase the blood oxygen saturation of the body and improve the hypoxia of the body. Reading vocal breathing is a simple and efficient oxygen saturation recovery breathing method.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2013

For a case study of suspected paraquat intoxication, we developed a simple and rapid method of $^1H$ qNMR to determine the mili-molar amount of paraquat in postmortem blood samples. There were no interfering signals from endogenous compounds in the chemical shift of paraquat and diquat (internal standard). The amount of sample used ranged from 0.25 mM to 10.0 mM. Diquat, which has similar physicochemical properties with paraquat, was chosen as an internal standard. The NMR experimental conditions, relaxation delay time and CPMG spin-echo pulse sequence were optimized. The developed method was validated in terms of specificity, accuracy, precision, matrix effect, recovery, limit of detection (LOD), and low limit of quantification (LLOQ). The proposed qNMR method provided a simple and rapid assay for the identification and quantification of the quaternary ammonium herbicide, "paraquat" in postmortem blood samples. This method was tested by using the blood from the heart of a man who was intoxicated with paraquat. In this particular case, the level of paraquat was 1.07 mM in the blood. For the determination of quaternary ammonium herbicides, qNMR could also be used to provide a better understanding of the currently available techniques.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.256-259
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• 2003

Artificial heart is divided pulsation style and nonpulsation style greatly according to flowing of blood. nonpulsation pump is advantage of miniaturization avaliable because it is simple and non-volumic-pump than pulsation pump. Non pulsation pump is derided axial flow style and centrifugal style accordig to rotating style. An axial flow blood pump can be made smaller than a centrifugal blood pump because of its higher specific speed. A hemolysis is an important factor for the development of an axial flow blood pump. It is difficult to identify the areas where hemolysis nun. Evaluation of hemolysis both in in vitro and in vivo require a long time and are costly. Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) analysis enables the engineer to predict hemolysis on a computer. The aims of this study is Computational fluid dynamics in the whole axial flow pump and to verify the accuracy of prediction results of CFD analysis compare with in vitro experimental results.