• 제목/요약/키워드: Birth cohort

검색결과 123건 처리시간 0.049초

노인가구의 코호트별 다차원빈곤 분석 (Multidimensional Poverty Analysis of Elderly Households by Cohort)

  • 김순미;조경진
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • 제57권1호
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    • pp.51-71
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    • 2019
  • This study analyzed the poverty rate by poverty dimension, correlation between multidimensional poverty, variables that affected the number of poverty dimension and the probability of the poor or not. The sample consisted of 6,361 elderly households (1,561 baby boom birth cohort, 1,793 post-liberation birth cohort, 3,007 Japanese colonial period birth cohort) taken from the $12^{th}$ Korean Welfare Panel Study. First, the highest poverty rate among the baby boom birth cohort was 62.8% of employment poverty. The highest rate among the post-liberation birth cohort and Japanese colonial period birth cohort, was 82.5%, 92.3% of health poverty, respectively. Second, the highest coefficient in the baby boom birth cohort was .354 for asset poverty and relation poverty. In the remaining two cohorts, the coefficient for asset poverty and relation poverty was the highest at .268, .284, respectively. Third, the average number of poverty dimensions was 2.318 of the baby boom birth cohort, 2.921 of the post-liberation birth cohort, 3.564 of the poverty in the Japanese colonial period birth cohort. Also, the poverty rate for each cohort was 20.179%, 28.779%, and 50.083%, respectively. Fourth, the significant variables in all cohorts were gender, education, marital status, residence, and equalized ordinary income for the multiple regression analysis on the number of poverty dimensions. Additionally, age of the post-liberation birth cohort was significant, age and family numbers of the Japanese colonial period birth cohort were significant. Significant variables in logistic analysis on the probability of poverty or not were the same as those of regression analysis.

재미 한국 유배우 부인의 재생산주기 (초경-재경)에 관한 연구

  • 박선화;김응익;최명희;서경만
    • 한국인구학
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.55-69
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    • 1991
  • The objective of the study is to figure out the status of reproductive health and general characteristics related to maternal health for Korean-Americans living in Los Angeles. We collected data from the married women who wanted no more additional child birth and were attending the Family Planning Clinic of Koryo Health Foundation in Los Angeles during 1988. There were 494 women met the eligibility requirement for this study. The results are summarized below. 1. In the age distribution of the women who desired no more additional child birth, women 30-34 age group constituted the largest proportion at 36.6 percent ; the mean age of women was 35.1915.55. The mean number of child birth was 1.77, and the proportion of the women by number of child birth were 35.2 percent for one children, 50.1 percent for two children 10.5 percent for three children, and 2.6 percent for four children. All of the women experienced pregnancy at least once, and mean number of pregnancy was 3.42. The mean number of total experience of induced abortion was 1.56. and 76.7 percent of these women had experience with induced abortions. To prevent further pregnancies, 90.1 percent of the women were utilizing the contraceptive methods, and the highest proportion by the contraceptive methods was condoms(53.7%), 9.3 percent in spermicides, 8.7 percent in IUDs, 8.7 percent in rhythm method, and 6.9 percent in oral pills. 2. The mean age of women at each stage of reproductive life cycle were 14.74 years at time of menarche, 24.55 years at time of marriage, 26.60 years at time of the first child birth, and 28.75 years at time of the last child birth. In age distribution of the women by birth cohort (Group I : birth cohort 1940-1954, Group H : birth cohort 1955-1970), the mean menar-cheal age of the women was 14.96 years in group I , and 14.53 years in group H . Mean age at time of marriage was 25.01 years in group I and 24.08 years in group H . Mean child birth age of the women by birth cohort was 27.19 years In group I and 26.01 years in Group II for the first child birth and 30.07 years in group I and 27.45 years in group II for the last child birth. The total length of reproductive life cycle from menarche to menopause (presumed to be at 49 of age years) was 34.26 years. The len-gth of phase I (from menarche to marriage) was 9.81 years, while phase H (marriage to first birth) was 2.05 years, and phase Ill (first birth to last birth) was 2. 15 years, and the last phase of reproductive life cycle, phase IV (last birth to menopause) was 20.25 years. The proportion of each phase 10 total length of reproductive life cycle was 28.6 percent, 6.0 percent 6.3 percent, and 59.t percent respectively. In the tendency of each phase in reproductive life cycle by birth cohort (group I , U ), the length of phase I, II , III of birth cohort group II was diminished in comparison with those of birth cohort group I , but the length of phase IV was extended by 2.38 years. 3. Among the women, the mean number of total pregnancy by birth cohort group was 2.01 in group I and 1.10 in Group II, and mean number of child birth was 1.97 in group I and 1.58 in group II. In terms of pregnancy was-tage rate by birth cohort group, among the total pregnancy of birth cohort group I , 51.8 percent of the cases resulted in induced abortions or spontaneous abortions whils 48.2 percent resulted in live births, and 42.2 percent or total pregnancy in group II resulted in pregnancy wastage and 57.8 percent of the cases resulted in live births.

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모아의 환경적 건강에 대한 출산 코호트 효과: 체계적 고찰 (Birth cohort effects on maternal and child environmental health: a systematic review)

  • 채정미;김현경
    • 여성건강간호학회지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.27-39
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: This study aimed to review recent findings from birth cohort studies on maternal and child environmental health. Methods: Birth cohort studies regarding environmental health outcomes for mothers and their children were investigated through a systematic review. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and RISS to identify published studies using the keywords using a combination of the following keywords: maternal exposure, environmental exposure, health, cohort, and birth cohort. Articles were searched and a quality appraisal using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies was done. Results: A review of the 14 selected studies revealed that prenatal and early life exposure to environmental pollutants had negative impacts on physical, cognitive, and behavioral development among mothers and children up to 12 years later. Environmental pollutants included endocrine disruptors, air pollution (e.g., particulate matter), and heavy metals. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrated that exposure to environmental pollutants negatively influences maternal and children's environmental health outcomes from pregnancy to the early years of life. Therefore, maternal health care professionals should take steps to reduce mothers' and children's exposure to environmental pollutants.

Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Liver Cancer Mortality in Korea

  • Park, Jihwan;Jee, Yon Ho
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권18호
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    • pp.8589-8594
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    • 2016
  • Background: Liver cancer is one of the most common causes of death in the world. In Korea, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for liver cancer but infection rates have been declining since the implementation of the national vaccination program. In this study, we examined the secular trends in liver cancer mortality to distinguish the effects of age, time period, and birth cohort. Materials and Methods: Data for the annual number of liver cancer deaths in Korean adults (30 years and older) were obtained from the Korean Statistical Information Service for the period from 1984-2013. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to study the shapes of and to detect the changes in mortality trends. Also, an age-period-cohort model was designed to study the effect of each age, period, and birth cohort on liver cancer mortality. Results: For both men and women, the age-standardized mortality rate for liver cancer increased from 1984 to 1993 and decreased thereafter. The highest liver cancer mortality rate has shifted to an older age group in recent years. Within the same birth cohort group, the mortality rate of older age groups has been higher than in the younger age groups. Age-period-cohort analysis showed an association with a high mortality rate in the older age group and in recent years, whereas a decreasing mortality rate were observed in the younger birth cohort. Conclusions: This study confirmed a decreasing trend in liver cancer mortality among Korean men and women after 1993. The trends in mortality rate may be mainly attributed to cohort effects.

생애주기에 따른 주거이동 모형에 대한 출생코호트 접근과 해석 : 진주시를 사례로 (A Birth Cohort Approach to the Household Life-Cycle Model of Residential Mobility: The Case of Jinju City)

  • 이정섭
    • 한국지역지리학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.75-95
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    • 2011
  • 이 연구는 생애주기에 따른 주거이동 모형의 횡단면적 접근과 분석이 가지는 한계의 대안으로서 출생코호트 접근을 하였다. 1970년부터 2005년까지 진주시를 사례로 5세 연령 간격으로 출생코호트를 구분하고 각각의 주거이동을 탐색하고 비교하였다. 그리고 주거수요로서 인구변천과 출산력, 주거공급으로서 주택재고와 주거지역 입지 등 변화도 함께 살펴보았다. 그 결과 모형이 강조하고 있는 연령효과 이외에도 코호트효과와 기간효과가 확인되며, 이로 인해 각 출생코호트의 주거이동 궤적에 차이가 있었다. 한편 모형이 제시하고 있는 것과는 달리 가구주의 연령이 증가하면서 연령효과가 감소하였고 이동은 감소, 안정되었다. 이에 대한 해석은 출생코호트 간의 주거승계가 미약하거나 단절되고 있고, 결과적으로 연령집단이 주거를 서로 달리하는 가족지위보다 출생코호트를 주거분화 요인 중 하나로 제시할 수 있다.

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한국의 혼인과 출산 생애과정: 출생코호트별 및 교육수준별 차이를 중심으로 (Birth Cohort and Educational Differences in the Marital and Fertility Life Course in South Korea)

  • 우해봉
    • 한국인구학
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.151-179
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 Hernes 모형을 활용하여 출생코호트의 관점에서 최근까지 한국 사회가 경험한 혼인 및 출산 생애과정에서의 전반적인 변화 양상과 교육수준별 차이를 분석하고 있다. 분석 결과는, 첫째, 전반적으로 우리나라의 생애 혼인율이 매우 높은 수준이지만 상대적으로 가장 최근 출생코호트(1965~74) 남성의 경우 혼인율 감소폭이 다소 크게 나타나고 있음을 보여 주었다. 둘째, 출생코호트를 가로질러 관측된 생애 혼인율 감소는 추가적으로 교육수준별로 분화되는 모습을 보여 주었는데, 남성의 경우 저학력자 그리고 여성의 경우 고학력자의 생애 비혼 가능성이 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 출생코호트를 가로지른 출산 경험과 관련하여 첫째 및 둘째 출산에서는 출생코호트별 격차가 작은 반면 셋째 출산에서의 격차가 크게 나타남으로써 출생코호트를 가로질러 나타난 출산력에서의 양적 변화는 대체로 셋째 이상의 고순위 출산과 밀접히 연관됨을 시사하고 있다. 넷째, 출산에서의 교육수준별 격차와 관련하여 출산순위가 높아질수록 교육과 출산 사이에 보다 뚜렷한 역관계가 관측되었다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 분석 결과는 혼인 및 출산이 교육수준과 연계되는 방식이 다소 상이함을 보여 주었다. 남성과 여성 모두 최근의 출생코호트로 올수록 교육수준별 생애 혼인율에서의 격차가 커지는 경향을 보여 주지만 고순위 출산에서 관측되는 교육수준별 패턴은 최근 출생코호트로 올수록 교육수준별 격차가 오히려 감소하는 상반된 패턴을 보여 주었다.

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도시부부의 결혼만족도 변화패턴 (Developmental Pattern of marital Satisfaction)

  • 정현석
    • 가정과삶의질연구
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.51-60
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the objective picture of developmental pattern of marital satisfaction of couples based on family life cycle length of marriage marriage cohort birth cohort and age of couples using data from 317 couples in urban cities. The result indicate that the U-curve of marital satisfaction is the special pattern of family life cycle while W-curve is more dominant pattern when data are analysed with length of marriage birth cohort and marriage cohort. The couples differ in their assessment of marital satisfaction through entire their life span which seems for wives to become more dissatisfied over time. The similarity of developmental pattern the spouses appears only in their birth cohort. Discussion and recommendations for future research of the marital satisfaction are suggested.

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인구고령화가 의료비 지출에 미치는 영향: Age-Period-Cohort 분석을 이용한 '건강한 고령화'의 관점 (The Effect of Population Ageing on Healthcare Expenditure in Korea: From the Perspective of 'Healthy Ageing' Using Age-Period-Cohort Analysis)

  • 조재영;정형선
    • 보건행정학회지
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.378-391
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    • 2018
  • Background: People who were born in different years, that is, different birth cohorts, grow in varying socio-historical and dynamic contexts, which result in differences in social dispositions and physical abilities. Methods: This study used age-period-cohort analysis method to establish explanatory models on healthcare expenditure in Korea reflecting birth cohort factor using intrinsic estimator. Based on these models, we tried to investigate the effects of ageing population on future healthcare expenditure through simulation by scenarios. Results: Coefficient of cohort effect was not as high as that of age effect, but greater than that of period effect. The cohort effect can be interpreted to show 'healthy ageing' phenomenon. Healthy ageing effect shows annual average decrease of -1.74% to 1.57% in healthcare expenditure. Controlling age, period, and birth cohort effects, pure demographic effect of population ageing due to increase in life expectancy shows annual average increase of 1.61%-1.80% in healthcare expenditure. Conclusion: First, since the influence of population factor itself on healthcare expenditure increase is not as big as expected. Second, 'healthy ageing effect' suggests that there is a need of paradigm shift to prevention centered-healthcare services. Third, forecasting of health expenditure needs to reflect social change factors by considering birth cohort effect.

A study on the factors affecting the follow-up participation in birth cohorts

  • Park, Bohyun;Choi, Eun Jeung;Ha, Eunhee;Choi, Jong Hyuk;Kim, Yangho;Hong, Yun-Chul;Ha, Mina;Park, Hyesook
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • 제31권
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    • pp.23.1-23.6
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    • 2016
  • Objectives A stable follow-up participation rate is a very important factor for validity in a cohort study. This study analyzed the factors that affect the participation rate at one hospital-based birth cohort in South Korean. Methods The participants were recruited from the Mothers' and Children's Environmental Health study between 2006 and 2010. The analysis targeted 1751 mothers who participated in a birth cohort. We conducted analyses of general characteristics during pregnancy and those of infants at birth that affect the participation rate of the 6-month follow-up survey. Results The participation rate for the 6-month follow-up survey was 60.4%. The participation rate in the follow-up of the subsequent period decreased within a 5% to 10% range compared to the number of subjects. The participation rate of premature infants was 16.9% lower than that of a full-term infant (52.6% vs. 69.5%). Analysis showed a 16.7% difference between the participation rate of low-birthweight infants in follow-ups (53.7%) and the participation rate of infants with normal weight (70.4%). The participation rate of mothers who were employed during pregnancy was significantly lower for the 6-month follow-up compared to the participation rate of mothers who were unemployed during pregnancy. Conclusions In this study, factors such as premature birth, low-birthweight, and the employment status of the mother during pregnancy affected the participation rate of the follow-up survey for the birth cohort at six months. A specific strategy is needed to encourage survey participation for the high risk groups in the follow-ups.

Recent Decrease in Colorectal Cancer Mortality Rate is Affected by Birth Cohort in Korea

  • Jee, Yonho;Oh, Chang-Mo;Shin, Aesun
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권9호
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    • pp.3951-3955
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    • 2015
  • Background: Colorectal cancer mortality has started to decrease in several developed countries in Asia. The current study aimed to present the long-term trends in colorectal cancer mortality in Korea using joinpoint analysis and age-period-cohort modeling. Materials and Methods: The number of colorectal cancer deaths and the population for each 5-year age group were obtained from Statistics Korea for the period 1984-2013 for adults 30 years and older. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to determine changes in trends in age-standardized mortality rates, and age-period-cohort analysis was performed to describe trends in colorectal cancer mortality using the intrinsic estimator method. Results: In men, the age-standardized mortality rate for colorectal cancer increased from 1984 to 2003, and the mortality rates stabilized thereafter, whereas the mortality rate of colorectal cancer in women has decreased since 2004. The age-specific mortality rate of colorectal cancer increased in both men and women over time, whereas decreases in the age-specific mortality rate in younger cohorts were observed. In the age-period-cohort analysis, old age and recent period were associated with higher mortality for both men and women. The birth cohort born after 1919 showed reduced colorectal cancer mortality in both men and women. Conclusions: Our study showed a recent decreasing trend in colorectal cancer mortality in women and a stable trend in men after 2003-2004. These changes in colorectal cancer mortality may be attributed to birth cohort effects.