• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to derive the actually applicable directions and measures for conservation and restoration according to biotope types. Recently biotope project-installing eco-river, restoring damaged area, protecting habitate for flora and fauna- is processed according to being interested in making and restoring the biotope. But it is lack of study to estimate and systematize which biotope preserve and restore primary. For this purpose, the direction and measures of conservation and restoration be applicable to actuality are drafted by a review on the preceded case studies until now at the inside and outside of the country. And then this study proposed the concept, direction and measures for the effective systematic biotope management through continual feed back such as field applications in selected case study areas and consultations. First, the applicable directions and measures for conservation and restoration according to biotope types is suggested with the 'conservation' divided into two parts; protection and maintenance, the 'restoration', and the 'enhancement' divided into two parts; improvement and creation. Second, for the effective biotope management, the biotope types are classified into urban type, agricultural types and natural types according to the naturalness and dominant landscape. However, this study suggests that the direction and measures suitable to the regional conditions should be reviewed enough and selected and also the detail measures should be supplemented with the foundation of directions and measures for biotope conservation and management proposed in this study because the biotope management should consider regional characteristics.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.249-252
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• 2007

The objective of this research is to study the method to produce biotope map by using GIS. Surveying and analyzing the situation of biotope map in the country, it was found that biotope map should be produced to be utilized in establishing urban plan and environment preservation plan. Considering the history of materials, preparation method and type of use, the types of original materials can be classified into 3 types, namely, data based on configuration map, the existing thematic map and materials of surveying natural ecology. Biotope map is composed of configuration thematic map that shows the shape and position of surface, urban thematic map that is the standard of unit biotope shape and urban ecology map that shows the urban ecologic situation. Extracted and processed from the original material, each thematic map is produced as biotope map that shows the type of biotope. It is expected that biotope map can be utilized in the area of urban plan including establishment of basic urban plan and urban management plan as well as environment planning area including evaluation of environment influence, establishment of environment preservation plan, consolidated environment management for natural environment and life environment.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1185-1198
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• 2020

This study aimed to suggest a framework for biotope classification and evaluation based on habitat values to rationally establish management areas of national parks. The factors and indicators related to the biotope classification and evaluation were established based on integration from those of previous studies. The decision tree evaluation process was applied to the classification and evaluation of the biotope type level. The evaluation of the biotope group level was carried out to determine the weight and the AUEM (Adding Up Estimation Matrix) was applied for the final grades. As a result, the biotope type of Seolaksan National Park was classified into 43 types and Odaesan National Park was classified into 41 types. Bukhansan National Park, which is located in a metropolitan city, was classified into 49 types. In terms of biotope evaluation, grade III had a ratio of 50.6%, the highest in Seolaksan national park. The ratios of grade I and grade II, which have great ecological-value, were respectively 12.0% and 36.5%. Grade II was 48.2%, the highest ratio in Odaesan National Park. The ratios of grades I and II were 10.8% and 37.9%, respectively. Grade III was 54.8%, the highest ratio in Bukhansan national park, and the ratios of grade I and grade II, which have great ecological-value were, respectively, 11.4% and 25.7%. The biotope values of major national parks were evaluated according to the type focusing on the actual vegetation. This framework can be considered for application to the spatial management of other types of protected areas.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제94권6호
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• pp.462-467
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• 2005

도시림의 경관생태학적 관리를 위한 기초정보를 수집하기 위하여 대구광역시 시가지에 분포하는 고립된 잔존 임지 3개 공원을 대상으로 비오톱 유형을 구분하고, 그 기능적 등급과 식생경관의 구성적 특성을 평가하였다. 비오톱 유형은 소분류군을 기준으로 대개 15~20개 유형으로 나타났으며, 공원 면적이 클수록 비오톱 유형의 다양성과 평균 면적도 크게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 비오톱 등급은 생물이 살아가기에 부적당한 낮음(1~3등급)이 전체의 72.7%로 대부분을 차지하고 있었으며, 높음(7~9등급)은 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 기능적 가치등급에 있어서는 중간(등급 3)과 그 이하(등급 4~5)가 대부분으로 나타났으며 비오톱 공간 면적이 클수록 등급도 다소 높아지고, 등급이 높을수록 상대적으로 저온역을 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 식생경관의 구성적 특성은 아까시나무, 상수리나무가 공원에 관계없이 우점경관요소형으로 나타나 아주 단순하였으며, 그 평균 면적도 대개 1 ha미만의 아주 작은 공간규모를 나타내어 산림생태계 구성요소로서의 기능적 역할의 연속성에 많은 문제가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 결론적으로 도시내 잔존 임지에 있어서 비오톱 유형의 다양성과 기능적 가치를 증대시키기 위해서는 각 유형별 생태적 최소면적을 확보를 위한 유사 비오톱 유형의 공간적 통합을 위한 경관생태시업이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.102-118
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to propose an ecological management plan by the comprehensive analysis of biotope structures on Namsan Urban Natural Park in Seoul. Classified by actual vegetation, structure of layer and vegetation damage, biotope structures were composed of forest area, compact management area, herb area, cultivated area and non-ecology(urban) area. Succession had seened to stop in the Native forest. Artifical forest was divided into two types. The first, upper layer, was too dense to accommodate lower layer plants, the other case was the appearance of Quercus spp. and the first stage plants of succession following the declination of the upper layer plants. The soil pH of Nam-san Urban Park was 4.21∼4.51, which meant the soil was becoming acid. As the result of acidity, leaching of available nutrition(K/sup +/, NH₄/sup +/, Ca/sup ++/ etc.) was immediately influenced by the natural ecosystem, influence of acid rain was disturbed to becoming organic matter which was use to plants. In the case of a biotope structure management plan, the urban area was prohibited to spread outside. Cultivated and herb area was regenerated to natural forest. In the forest area, the compact management area was maintained with its present condition, and then it is desirable to make a preservation area and to plant shrubs. Planted Pinus densiflora Community was needed to eliminate competitive species of canopy layer, and plant shrubs. Management of deciduous broad-leaved Comm. was maintained in its present conditionand it is desirable to raise the diversity of the understory and shrub layer. The management of the artifical forest seems to be suitable for Q. spp. community. The care of naturalized plants prevents the expansion and restores the structure of wild plants. The soil management was a marked restoration soil ecosystem in order to prevent soil acid and drying.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2021

In South Korea, there is a growing domestic need for a biotope map which contains ecological and environmental geographic information of a city. After the production of a Urban Ecological Maps(biotope map) by the Seoul metropolitan government in 2000, Natural Environment Conservation Act was revised in 2017 to make it mandatory for a local government to draw up its own urban ecological map. The aim of the present study was to find out ways to utilize an urban ecological map as a mean of communication between natural environment planning and urban planning sectors in a preliminary stage before introducing a big framework of 'environmental and ecological planning.' The northern area of Incheon metropolitan city was selected as the target area for this study. The major research content includes a comparative analysis of special-purpose zones, urban planning zones, restricted development zones, and conservation forests with focus on biotope types and Grades 1 of 'Biotope Type Assessment.' Farmland biotopes and forest biotopes within an area designated as an urban zone (residential, commercial and industrial zones) need to be redesignated as a zone which can conserve them. Especially considering a high possibility of damage to a large scale of natural green areas, these areas need to be readjusted immediately. If the entire area designated as an urban planning zone is to be developed, it is likely to cause serious damage to natural biotopes in the area (56.2%), including farmland biotope (30.4%), forest biotope (15.0%) and grassland biotope (10.8%), and thus, readjustment is needed. In case of a conservation forest, as it can possibly be damaged by the designation of special-purpose zones, it is necessary to match the designation of conservation forests or a special-purpose zones with their biotope types. In conclusion, we present a variety of thematic maps for utilization of an urban ecological map and propose a phase-specific environmental and ecological plan. Phase 1 is the establishment of a urban plan in consideration of ecological status; Phase 2 is the independent establishment of an environmental and ecological plan by an environment department; Phase 3 is an integrated management of ecological planning system and urban planning system.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.7393-7402
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• 2014

본 연구는 최근에 높아지고 있는 도시농업 요구에 건축, 도시분야가 빠르게 대응하기 위해서 법제도적 장치로서 기존에 활용도가 높은 생태면적률의 개선에 주목한 연구이다. 기존의 생태면적률은 여러 작물생장조건 중 토심과 투수만을 다룬 지표로 조경식재 등의 관리에는 활용될 수 있으나 도시농업의 주요요소인 작물을 다루기에는 부족한 점이 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 가설을 증명하고 그 개선의 방향을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 했다. 본 연구를 통해서 실제로 생태면적률 지표만으로 작물생장까지를 다루기에는 한계가 있음을 밝힐 수 있었다. 또한 실제 단지계획상에서의 문제점을 도출할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 생태면적률에 빠져 있는 작물생장 조건 중 가장 중요한 일조를 중심으로 생태면적률 개선의 가능성 및 개선 방향을 타진했다는 점에서 도시농업 활성화를 위한 기초 연구를 수행했다는 점에서 의의를 지닌다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2008

최근 부각되고 있는 도시지역의 환경문제 해결을 위해서는 다각적인 접근방법이 요구되는데, 도시지역에 산재해 있는 도시숲의 효율적 조성 및 관리는 그 방법 중 하나가 될 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 도시숲의 경관생태학적 관리를 위한 평가지표를 설정하고, 대전광역시와 울산광역시 시가지에 분포하는 도시녹지를 대상으로 생물서식공간으로서의 비오톱 유형을 구분하였으며, 그 기능적 특성에 기초한 등급과 식생경관의 구성적 특성을 평가하였다. 평가지표 및 방법은 국내의 연구사례가 드물어 유럽에서 사용되고 있는 지표를 국내 실정에 맞게 수정 보완하였으며, 최종 결과는 합산평가 매트릭스법을 사용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 비오톱 유형은 기존 문헌의 조사결과와는 달리 면적이 다양성에 미치는 영향은 적은 것으로 분석되었으며, 중점 비오톱 등급은 공원의 면적 차이와 성립위치 및 인위적 간섭정도의 차이로 인해 남선공원과 함월산은 3등급, 보문산과 염포산은 4등급으로 나타났다. 생물서식공간으로서의 비오톱 기능평가 등급을 분석한 결과, 지역에 관계없이 3~5등급 즉 보통 이하로 나타나, 서식공간의 제공이라는 기능적 역할은 상대적으로 낮게 나타난 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.75-90
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• 2000

This study suggests the methods of the assessment and creation of biotopes in small and medium sized cities, in Korea. For this purpose, Chonju city was selected to classify and asses the biotope types. Moreover, relevant legislations to conserve and enhance urban biotopes were examined. The results of this study are as follows: 1) There were two approaches to asses the potential of urban biotopes in medium-sized cities. One was the urban scale evaluation for urban green spaces and the other was the biotope scale evaluation for the classification and evaluation of biotopes. 2) The urban scale evaluation was developed through overlaping analysis of landuse and vegetation factors. This study also included the conception of watershed. In this conception, three watersheds in Chonju city were characterized. According to these characteristics, individual programs for conservation and enhancement of urban green space were suggested. 3) For the biotope scale evaluation, Selected site was inclusively mapped and field investigation actually was carried. There were total 9 types of bitopes. Especially landuse was appeared in various evaluation items were vegetation structure, area of green space, condition of vegetation and vegetation profile. Mt, Gonji and Dukjin park, Chonbuk national University and fields were evaluated highly I the potential. 4) The biotope programs were based on the results of assessment and physical characteristics of biotopes. The uniform and simple levels on vegetation must be modified with various levels of vegetation structure and vernacular plants. And the physical characteristics like Points, Corridors and Patches can be organized by the conception of biotope networking theory. 5) The proper legislative environment was the clue elements for the biotope programs. Until now, only five types of parks and two types of green space are defined and the minimum size of green space has been proposed by the law. So, it is necessary to enlarge the conception of green space in legislation and improve the quality of green space by amending the related regulations. This study has limitation because it was selected only in Chonju. Through the continuous studies, we need to apply this other small and medium sized cities, South Korea. Also the data collection and management of theme maps such as actual vegetation, landuse and a soil must be done preliminary.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.565-575
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• 2007

본 연구의 목적은 한국의 비오톱지도화가 자연환경보전을 위한 실제적 계획수단으로 활용될 있도록 비오톱지도화의 출발지인 독일과의 비교를 통하여 정책적 시사점을 도출하고, 한국의 전국 비오톱지도화를 위한 새로운 방향설정을 모색하는데 있다. 연구방법은 한국과 독일의 비오톱지도화 관련 문헌 및 자료를 수집하였고, 수집된 자료를 국토 및 연방정부차원, 주정부차원, 도시 및 정주지차원에서 양국의 비오톱지도화에 대한 전반적 특성 및 경향에 대해서 검토하였다. 조사 결과 첫째, 독일은 국토전역에 걸쳐 경관생태권역별로 차등 있는 자연 및 경관을 보호, 관리하기 위해서 경관생태유형도와 경관생가치등급도를 작성하였다. 한국은 생태자연도나 녹지자연도가 전국단위에서 자연환경보전을 위해 추진된 지도화로 들 수 있다. 둘째, 독일 주정부차원에서는 주로 자연지역과 그에 준하는 지역을 대상으로 비오톱지도화가 실시되었고, 각주마다 비오톱 적색리스트가 작성된 반면, 한국의 경우 이에 준하는 도차원의 비오톱지도화는 아직 이루어지지 않고 있다. 셋째, 독일의 도시 및 정주지역의 비오톱지도화는 대도시지역 뿐만 아니라 중 소도시와 농촌지역에서도 실시되었으나, 한국의 경우 대도시와 같이 도시화가 많이 진행된 지역을 중심으로 이루어지고 있다. 결론적으로 비오톱 지도화가 전국토의 균형 있는 자연환경 및 비오톱 보호 관리를 위한 수단이 되기 위해서는 도시지역뿐만 아니라 자연지역 및 반자연지역의 비오톱지도화가 활성화되어야 한다. 또한, 이를 위해서는 국토전역에 적용할 수 있는 비오톱유형목록 및 비오톱적색리스트에 대한 연구가 선행되어야 할 것이다.