• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.161-167
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• 2007

To investigate the structure and the conservation strategy of Korean native species, the Abies koreana forest at sub-alpine zone centering on the Witsaeorum(1,714m) shelter in Hallasan National Park was selected for a survey subject with 20 plots $(10{\times}10m)$ set up with random sampling method. Mean importance percent(MIP) of Abies koreana showed the highest numerical value-57.7%, and that of faxus cuspidata was the next value-16.2%. High positive correlations were shown between Taxus cuspidata and Prunus maximowiczii, Euonymus alatus; Betula ermani and Berberis amurensis var. quelpaertensis, Prunus sargentii; Prunus maximowiczii and Euonymus alatus; Berberis amurensis var. quelpaertensis and Prunus sargentii. Vigor of Abies koreana was so low that as much as 6.44% of total number of Abies Koreana investigated were dead. DBH of dead individuals ranged mainly from 5cm to 15cm.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.421-428
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• 2010

The bark of Berberis koreana Palibin was fermented by Bifidobacterium longum B6 and Lactobacillus paracasei at $37^{\circ}C$ for 72 hour, then extracted by water solvent at $100^{\circ}C$ for 180 min. Total pholyphenol and flavonoid contents were improved by fermentation process, compared to conventional water extraction. The barks of B. koreana Palibin extracts by B. longum B6 (FE-B.L.) and by L. paracasei (FE-L.P.) showed 17% and 16% cytotoxicity on human normal cell lines(HEK293) at 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of the highest concentration, respectively, which was about 3~5% lower than 20% from normal extracts (NE). DPPH radical scavenging activity of the FE-B.L. and FE-L.P. were about 73% and 75.9% higher than 56.8% of NE. The highest inhibitory potency on xathine oxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities were also measured as 31.9% and 61.9% by adding FE-L.P. of 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$. On tyrosinase inhibition test, the FE-L.P. showed highest activity as 75.9% at 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$. Generally, FE-L.P. showed higher antioxidant activities as well as higher tyrosinase inhibition activity, possibly due to high contents of total pholyphenol and flavonoid. In general, fermentation of barks of B. koreana Palibin has relatively better biological activities than normal extracts. Specifically, the extracts fermented by L. paracasei showed higher activities than that from B. longum B6.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.284-291
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• 2009

This study was conducted to characterize the enhanced antioxidant and anticancer activities of Berberis koreana bark following a low temperature and high pressure extraction process. The results indicate that the B. koreana bark extracted as described showed a 93% increase in DPPH radical scavenging activity. Inhibition activity of xanthine oxidase was highest by this extraction process. In addition the growth of human lung cancer cells (A549), human stomach cancer cells (AGS), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human liver cancer cells (Hep3B) were inhibited by 70.8%, 86.2%, 84.3% and 62.5% respectively. These data indicate that this low temperature and high pressure extraction technique results in the efficient extraction of bioactive compounds from rigid plant materials. This process could also be combined with other techniques to improve extraction yields and identify new biologically active substances from relatively hard plants.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.61-62
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• 2008

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.237-238
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• 2008

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.301-302
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• 2009

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.323-324
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• 2009

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.195-214
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• 1998

The leaf persisting and seasonal leaf color characteristics of deciduous woody landscape plants were investigated through the field survey in Suwon region. The leaf period was about 270 days from March 20, 1992 when Prunus padus was leaf spreading to December 17, 1992 when Lonicera sempervirens was leaf falling. The plants of leaf period over 240 days were Elaegagnus umbellata var. coreana, Salix pseudo-lasiogyn, Ligustrum obtusi-folium, Rosa multiflora, Lonicera sempervirens and Clematis viticella. The woody landscape plants bearing the red leaf by KBS standard color number before fall foliage coloring were Prunus salicina, Berberis thunbergii 'Atropurpurea', Acer platanoides 'Red King', Acer palmatum var. Pendula 'Crimson Queen', Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Nyssa sylvatica, Acer palmatum var. sanguineum, and the yellow leaf, Berberis thunbergii Variegata 'Aurea', Physocarpus opulifolius 'Luteus', and Forsythia koreana 'Seoul Cold', Ligustrum X vicaryi which is variegation. The fall foliage color period was about 100 days from September 6, 1992 when Euonymus alatus was fall foliage coloring, to December 17, 1992 when Lonicera sempervirens was leaf falling. (Table 24) And in terms of color based on KBS standard color number, 60.7% of fall foliage were yellow, 37.4%, red, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.233-239
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• 2010

This study was conducted to examine the anticancer activities of Berberis koreana extracts according to different extraction processes. The highest extraction yield obtained was 8.26% following extraction by ultrasonification at 60 kHz and $60^{\circ}C$ followed by high pressure at 500MPa. Generally, the extracts from the ultrasonification process showed relatively low cytotoxicities against the human normal cell line, HEK293 showing as low as 15%. This extract inhibited the growth of the digestive related organs cell lines, human stomach adenocarcimoma cell and human epithelial adenocarcinoma cell by up to 80% when administered at 1.0 mg/mL, and showed 2.5-3.5 of selectivity. It was also found that this extract induced the production of nitric oxide levels as high $37.87\;{\mu}M$ from macrophages. For the in vivo experiment using ICR mice, the total serum IgG levels of mice treated with B. koreana extracts from ultrasonification extraction were increased by up to 57 ng/mL. The survival time of this group was longer than that of the other group after the injection of Sarcoma-180 and the increment of their body weights was also greatly suppressed. In addition, the extract showed the highest tumor inhibition activities, leading to a reduction of 78.47%. These results indicate that the highest activities of B. koreana associated with this extraction process can be significantly improved.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.119-136
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• 2014

This work aims to select the potentially vulnerable plant species against climate change at alpine and subalpine belts of Mts. Sorak, Jiri, and Halla, from central, southern, southern insular high mountains of the Korean Peninsula, respectively. The selection of global warming related vulnerable plants were performed by adapting various criteria, such as flora, endemicity, rarity, floristically specific and valuable species, species composition at mountain summits, horizontal and vertical ranges of individual species, and their distributional pattern in the Korean Peninsula. Line and quadrat field surveys along the major trails from all directions at height above 1,500 meters above sea level of Mts, Sorak, Jiri and Halla were conducted each year during spring, summer, and autumn from 2010 to 2011. Based upon above mentioned eight criteria, high level of climate change related potentially vulnerable arboral plants, such as Rhododendron aureum, Taxus caespitosa, Pinus pumila, Oplopanax elatus, Vaccinium uliginosum, and Thuja koraiensis are noticed from at subalpine belt of Mt. Sorak. Species of Abies koreana, Rhododendron tschonoskii, Oplopanax elatus, Taxus cuspidata, Picea jezoensis, and Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii belong to climate change concerned vulnerable species at subalpine belt of Mt. Jiri. High level of climate change related species vulnerability is found at alpine and subalpine belts of Mt. Halla from Diapensia lapponica var. obovata, Salix blinii, Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum, Vaccinium uliginosum, Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii, Taxus cuspidata, Rhamnus taquetii, Abies koreana, Hugeria japonica, Prunus buergeriana, and Berberis amurensis var. quelpartensis. Countermeasures to save the global warming vulnerable plants in situ are required.