• 제목/요약/키워드: Bacillus thuringiensis K1

검색결과 199건 처리시간 0.03초

Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies to Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. canadensis

  • Jung, Jae-Deuk;Park, Jung-Sun;Jo, Yung-Soo;Hong, Soon-Bok;Lee, Hyung-Hoan;Cho, Myung-Hwan
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제4권4호
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    • pp.290-295
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    • 1994
  • 30 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were produced against Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. canadensis. Out of the these, 6 mAbs were selected for further studies. SDS-PAGE analyses of sonicated antigens of 10 8. thuringiensis strains showed that they generally had both predominant protein antigens of molecular weights of 45 kilodalton (kd) except for shandogiensis and konkukian, and 37kd except for israelensis, tochigiensis, and shandogiensis, respectively. These results indicate that 4kd and 37kd may be important for demonstrating common antigens except for a few strains of B. thuringiensis. In comparing the result of the westem blot using mAbs with that of using polyclonal antibodies to canadensis, we found that immunoreactive proteins of 99 and 39 kd were identified as common antigens, which might act as antigenic determinants, and might be surface or flagella antigens. Reactivities of mAbs with 41 strains of 8. thuringiensis demonstrated that mAbs of C-1, C-3, C-4, C-S and C-6 except C-2 did not recognize epitopes of thuringiensis, but that all of the mAbs recognized epitopes of galleriae, kurstaki, dakota, tolrJokuensis, silo, toguchini, and leesis. The potential applications of the mAbs we produced would be useful tools for the clarification of taxonomy, investigation of antigenic relationship between B. thuringiensis strains, and localization of specific surface and flagella antigens.

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Tannic acid와 Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki KB100균주의 혼합처리에 의한 파밤나방 살충활성의 상승효과 (The Synergy Effects of Mixed Treatment with Tannic Acid and Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki KB100 against Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae))

  • 진나영;정선영;박찬;백승경;서미자;윤영남;유용만
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제48권4호
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    • pp.519-526
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    • 2009
  • 국내 토양으로부터 파밤나방에 활성있는 Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki KB100균주를 분리 동정하였다. 난방제 해충인 파밤나방에 대한 B. thuringiensis의 살충력을 강화시키기 위해 몇 개의 protease inhibitor를 조사하였으며, 이 중 단백질 분해 억제 능력이 가장 좋은 tannic acid을 선발하였다. B. thuringiensis의 배양액에 tannic acid을 혼합 처리하여 파밤나방 2령 유충을 대상으로 생물활성을 조사한 결과, B. thuringiensis 단독처리는 54.4%의 사충율을 보인 반면 B. thuringiensis와 4 mM tannic acid을 혼합하여 처리하면 64.0% 그리고 B. thuringiensis+40 mM tannic acid는 95.5%의 높은 상승효과를 각각 나타냈다. 그러나 B. thuringiensis+80 mM tannic acid 에서는 53.3%로 단독처리의 경우 보다 사충율이 낮게 나타났다. 3령 유충에서도 B. thuringiensis 단독처리는 60.0%였으며 B. thuringiensis+40 mM tannic acid는 93.3%로 사충율이 증가하는 상승효과를 보였다. 야외포장 실험에서 B. thuringiensis 단독처리는 1회, 2회, 3회 누적 처리에서 각각 61.8%, 80.4% 그리고 47.3%의 사충율을 나타낸 것에 비해 B. thuringiensis와 40 mM tannic acid의 혼합 처리구에서는 83.9%, 89.4%와 66.8%로 사충율이 증가되었다.

Spacing Effect of the Intervening Sequences between Ribosome Binding Site and the Initiation Codon on Expression of Bacillus thuringiensis $\delta$-Endotoxin

  • Roh, Jong-Yul;Li, Ming-Shun;Chang, Jin-Hee;Park, Jae-Young;Shim, Hee-Jin;Woo, Soo-Dong;Boo, Kyung-Saeng;Je, Yeon-Ho
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.81-85
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    • 2003
  • To verify importance of the intervening sequence between the ribosome binding site (RBS) and the initiation codon for expression of Bacillus thuringiensis $\delta$-endotoxin, the pProMu, containing SphI and NcoIsites between RBS and the initiation codon of the cry1Ac gene, and the deletion derivatives of pProMu were constructed and transformed into the B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki $Cry^{-B}$ strain. The pProMu-ΔSphIhad identical six bases of intervening sequence to pProAc though the arrangement of sequence was different. Other mutants containing pProMu had 1 or 10 or 14 bases between RBS and the initiation codon. Among deletion mutants, only ProMu-ΔSphI/CB only produced 130 kDa typical bipyramidal crystals like those seen for ProAc/CB. However, ProMu/CB, $ProMu-{\Delta}NcoI$, and ProMu-ΔSphI+NcoIdid not produce Cry1Ac crystals. In conclusion, the results suggest that 6-base intervening sequence was important for expression of cry1-type class gene. Furthermore, spacing effect of the intervening sequences may play an important role in expression of individual crystal proteins in B. thuringiensis without doubt.

Amino acids at N- and C-termini are required for the efficient production and folding of a cytolytic γ-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis

  • Thammachat, Siriya;Pathaichindachote, Wanwarang;Krittanai, Chartchai;Promdonkoy, Boonhiang
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제41권11호
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    • pp.820-825
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    • 2008
  • Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt2Aa toxin is a mosquito-larvicidal and cytolytic $\delta$-endotoxin, which is synthesized as a protoxin and forms crystalline inclusions within the cell. These inclusions are solubilized under alkaline conditions and are activated by proteases within the larval gut. In order to assess the functions of the N-and C-terminal regions of the protoxin, several N- and C-terminal truncated forms of Cyt2Aa were constructed. It was determined that amino acid removal at the N-terminal, which disrupts the $\beta$1 structure, might critically influence toxin production and inclusion formation. The deletion of 22 amino acids from the C-terminus reduced the production and solubility of the toxin. However, the removal of more than 22 amino acids from the C-terminus or the addition of a bulky group to this region could result in the inability of the protein to adopt the proper folding. These findings directly demonstrated the critical roles of N- and C-terminal amino acids on the production and folding of the B. thuringiensis cytolytic $\delta$-endotoxin.

새로운 곤충병원성 Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai 균주의 유전학적 특성 (Genetic characteristics of the novel insect pathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai strain)

  • 서미자;윤영남;유용만;김기수
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.351-359
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    • 2014
  • For identifying the plasmid DNA coding cry gene of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai KB098 with high insecticidal activity against Spodoptera exigua, mutant isolates with no crystal protein were produced by $42^{\circ}C$ incubation condition and then mutant plasmid DNA band patterns were compared with those of KB098. KB098 isolates had 4 cry genes, cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1C, cry1D, and also had been found seven plasmid DNA. Though the SDS-PAGE experiment, it was confirmed that mutant didn't produce 130~145kDa protein band involved in bipyramidal shape crystal. Also, five mutant isolates had no cry genes coding plasmid DNA in PCR. In result of comparison the plasmid DNA of KB098 and 5 mutant isolates, only 1 plasmid DNA band was left out in mutant plasmid DNA pattern, so that the missing band was extracted from the gel. The missing(disappeared) plasmid DNA was the largest molecular size among the 7 plasmid DNA of KB098 and it was also confirmed this plasmid DNA had all 4 cry genes through PCR.

Computational Tridimensional Protein Modeling of Cry1Ab19 Toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis BtX-2

  • Kashyap, S.;Singh, B.D.;Amla, D.V.
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.788-792
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    • 2012
  • We report the computational structural simulation of the Cry1Ab19 toxin molecule from B. thuringiensis BtX-2 based on the structure of Cry1Aa1 deduced by x-ray diffraction. Validation results showed that 93.5% of modeled residues are folded in a favorable orientation with a total energy Z-score of -8.32, and the constructed model has an RMSD of only $1.13{\AA}$. The major differences in the presented model are longer loop lengths and shortened sheet components. The overall result supports the hierarchical three-domain structural hypothesis of Cry toxins and will help in better understanding the structural variation within the Cry toxin family along with facilitating the design of domain-swapping experiments aimed at improving the toxicity of native toxins.

Bacillus thuringiensis의 내독소 단백질의 분리1 (Purtification of Parasporal Protein Crystals of Bacillus thuringiensis)

  • 김영훈;김상현;강석권
    • 한국잠사곤충학회지
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.32-36
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    • 1991
  • 해충의 미생물적 방제를 위하여 Bacillus thuringiensis 살충제 개발에 관한 기초자료를 얻고자 3종의 B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki, dendrolimus, aizawai를 이용하여 배지내에서 생장특성을 조사하고 이들의 내독소단백질의 분리를 위해 Renograffin 불연속중층법을 이용한 새로운 분리법을 시도하였다. 1. 각공시균주의 생장곡선을 조사한 결과는 3균주 모두 접종후 3시간 이내에 exponential phase에 이르렀고, 7-8시간 정도에서 stationary phase에 이르렀다. 2. 배지내 pH변화는 exdponential phase때 원래 배지에서 1.4정도 저하하였다가 sporulation의 개시에 따라 회복되기 시작하여 후기에 거의 평형상태를 나타내서 균주간에 차이가 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 3. Renograffin 불연속중층법을 이용한 새로운 B. thuringiensis 내독소단백질 분리법은 50$m\ell$ 원심분리관에 10$m\ell$의 시료를 중층, fixed angel rotor를 이용하여 27,000g에서 1시간 원심했을 경우 99.0% 순도와 5.8%의 회수율을 나타내어 지금까지 보고된 방법들보다 더욱 효율적인 것으로 확인되었다.

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국내 지역별 채집계통 및 감수성계통 배추좀나방에 대한 Bacillus thuringiensis 제품의 생물활성 비교 (Resistance and Susceptibility of Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella Strains Collected from Different Region in Korea to Bacillus thuringiensis)

  • 김영림;조민수;오세문;김성우;윤영남;유용만
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.123-132
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    • 2010
  • 국내 난방제 해충의 하나인 배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella)을 방제하기 위하여 사용되어온 상업용 Bacillus thuringiensis 제품들을 이용하여 국내 6개 지역에서 채집한 지역계통과 2개의 감수성계통 배추좀나방에 대한 저항성 발달정도를 검토하였다. 상품화된 B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki 계통인 Tyuneup$^{(R)}$, Thuricide$^{(R)}$, Geumulmang$^{(R)}$ 등 3제품과 B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai 계통인 Tobagi$^{(R)}$, Scorpion$^{(R)}$ 등 2제품을 이용하였다. 공시충으로 사용된 배추좀나방은 계대사육중인 감수성개체군 NP와 GR 2종류이며, 전국의 배추밭에서 채집한 SP, HS, NM, DR, HC, HW개체군 등 6종류를 야외 개체군으로 사용하였다. Tyuneup$^{(R)}$ 제품의 생물검정에서 감수성 계통인 고령지시험장계통의 GR과 비교해 SP 개체군은 4.8배를 그리고 HS 개체군은 2.5배의 저항성발달을 보였다. Geumulmang$^{(R)}$ 제품의 경우에는 감수성계통인 NP 개체군에 비하여 SP 개체군에서 9.9배와 NM 개체군에서 6.8배정도의 저항성을 나타냈다. Tobagi$^{(R)}$는 HS 개체군에서 GR 개체군에 비해 14배의 저항성을 보여 가장 높게 나타났다. 그러나 동일 계통의 Scorpion$^{(R)}$은 SP 개체군에 약 2배정도의 저항성을 보여주고 있을 뿐이다. 이러한 결과는 어떤 특정한 B. thuringiensis 제품이 특정지역에 집중적으로 계속 사용함으로서 저항성이 발달되는 것으로 판단되며 종류가 다른 B. thuringiensis 제품을 교호 살포해야 할 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 Tobagi$^{(R)}$에 14배의 저항성 발달을 보인 HS 개체군을 실험실에서 동일약제에 연속으로 노출시켰을 때 $F_2$세대에서는 급격히 저항성 수치가 떨어져 1.1로 나타나 저항성 기작의 검토가 필요하다.

Identification and Molecular Characterization of Novel cry1-Type Toxin Genes from Bacillus thuringiensis K1 Isolated in Korea

  • Li Ming Shun;Choi Jae-Young;Roh Jong-Yul;Shim Hee-Jin;Kang Joong-Nam;Kim Yang-Su;Wang Yong;Yu Zi Niu;Jin Byung-Rae;Je Yeon-Ho
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.15-20
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    • 2007
  • To clone novel cry1-type genes from the Bacillus thuringiensis K1 isolate, about 2.4-kb-long PCR fragments were amplified with two primer sets of ATG1-F/N400-R and 1BeATG1-F/N400-R. Using PCR-RFLP, three novel cry1-type genes, cry1-1, cry1-7, and cry1-44, were obtained from B. thuringiensis K1 and the complete coding sequences of these novel genes were analyzed. The Cry1-1, Cry1-7, and Cry1-44 proteins showed maximum similarities of about 78.0%, 99.7%, and 91.0% with the Cry1Ha1, Cry1Be1, and Cry1Ac2 proteins, respectively. These novel cry1-type genes were expressed using a baculovirus expression vector system and their insecticidal activities were investigated. Whereas all three novel genes were toxic to Plutella xylostella larvae, only Cry1-1 showed insecticidal activity against Spodoptera exigua larvae.

Bacillus thuringiensis 의 Temperature-sensitive Mutants 분리와 특성 연구 (Growth Patterns of Temperature-sensitive Mutants of Bacillus Thuringiensis)

  • Lee, Hyung-Hoan;Lee, Hoon-Ku
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.233-239
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    • 1983
  • Bacillus thuringiensis 3ab K- 3 균주를 28$^{\circ}C$에서 UV광으로 돌연변이를 유도한 다음에 42$^{\circ}C$에서 24개의 Temperature-sensitive(ts)돌연변이 균주를 분리하여 42$^{\circ}C$에서의 성장과 항생제 저항성에 대한 성격을 연구하였다. 24개의 ts 돌연변이 균주중에 13개의 ts돌연변이체는 42$^{\circ}C$의 제한온도에서 전혀 성장을 하지 않았으며, 나머지 11개의 돌연변이체는 성장이 28$^{\circ}C$에서 보다 1/2 에서 1/4까지 감축되었다. 이러한 성격에 따라서 ts돌연변이체는 치사군과 비 치사군으로 나눌수 있었다. 또한 B. thuringiensis SI K-2을 nitrosoguanidine으로 28$^{\circ}C$에서 처리하여 7개의 Auxotrophic mutant을 분리하였다. A-N28은 Arg$^{-}$ . Gly$^{-}$ , Leu$^{-}$ , Met$^{-}$ , Ser$^{-}$ , Val$^{-}$ 을 요구했고, A-N 65는 Ala $^{-}$ , Gly$^{-}$ , Leu$^{-}$ , Met$^{-}$ , Ser$^{-}$ , Val$^{-}$ 을 요구했으며 A-N 92는 Gly$^{-}$ , Leu$^{-}$ , Met$^{-}$ 을, A-N115는 7개의 아미노산을 A-N156은 8개를 요구했다. B. thuringiensis 3ab K-3와 SI K-2 는 Penicillin, Ampicillin과 Cephalothin에 저항성을 나타냈고 ts-U171, A-N92와 A-N115는 이 세항생제에 민감성을 나타냈다. Temperature - sensitive돌연변이균주를 42$^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 배양후에 28$^{\circ}C$로 옮기어 배양한 결과 ts-U601, -U603, -U604와 -U171은 성장을 더 이상하지 않았다.

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