• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.230-238
• /
• 1996

In this paper, the performance improvement of BFSK signal by using diversity reception and coding technique in Rayleigh fading and impulsive noise environments has been evaluated and compared with that in Gaussian noise environment. It is found that as the CNR increases, BFSK signal performance shows an error floor regardless of impulsive noise effects in Rayleigh fading environment. Also diversity reception technique can improve the error performance not only in a Gaussian noise environment but also in a fading and impulsive noise environment. When diversity reception and coding techniques are used together in impulsive noise and Rayleigh fading environment, the improvement of error performance becomes about 11[dB] in terms of CNR as compared with that of only coding technique is applied.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2015

A blind hopping phase estimator is proposed for the demodulation of received signals in frequency-hopping spread spectrum systems. The received signals are assumed to be bandwidth limited with a shaping filter, modulated as frequency modulation (FM) or binary frequency shift keying (BFSK), and hopped by predetermined random frequency sequences. In the demodulation procedure in this paper, the hopping frequency tracking is accomplished by choosing a frequency component with maximum amplitude after taking a discrete Fourier transform, and the hopping phase estimator performs the conjugated product of two consecutive signals and moving-average filtering. The probability density function and Cramer-Rao low bound (CRLB) of the proposed estimator are evaluated. The proposed scheme not only is very simple to implement but also performs close to the CRLB in demodulating hopped FM/BFSK signals.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 2002

본 논문에서는 chirp 변조를 이용한 통신 시스템의 LPI(low probability of intercept)와 AJ(anti-jamming)성능을 분석하였다. 인터셉터에 DAM(delay and multiplier)과 SC(squaring circuit)가 이용된 경우 CBPSK(Chirped BPSK)의 LPI 성능을 분석하였다. 스펙트럼 확산 방식의 CBPSK와 DS/BPSK 시스템에 대한 AJ 성능을 비교 분석 및 주파수 호핑 방식의 FH/CBFSK(Chirped BFSK)와 FH/BFSK, 그리고 FH/BCM(Binary Chirp Modulation) 시스템에 대한 AJ 성능을 분석하였다. LPI 결과로, CBPSK(Chirped BPSK)은 chirp 변수인 chirp 주기($T_3$가 커질수록 좋은 LPI 성능을 보인다. AJ 결과로, PBNJ(partial band noise jammer)환경에서 CBPSK 방식이 DS/BPSK 방식에 비하여 AJ 성능이 우수하고, 마찬가지로 FH/CBFSK 방식이 FH/BFSK 방식에 비하여 AJ 성능이 우수함을 시뮬레이션으로 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2011

In this paper, a water tank experiment using Binary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK) method for text transmission performance by water surface fluctuation is conducted. Water surface fluctuation and delay spread which affect the channel coherence bandwidth is a limiting factor in underwater acoustic communication. The amplitude fluctuation and delay spread the smooth surface and fluctuation surface, were identified. The effective delay spread of both cases are 5ms, 4ms corresponding to the coherence bandwidth of 200Hz, 250Hz, respectively. The bit error rate of BFSK modulated text transmission is about $10^{-4}$ in less than 200bps in smooth surface but less than 250bps in fluctuation surface. Therefore, this experiment shows that the water surface fluctuation is important factor determining the performance of the underwater acoustic transmission.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
• /
• v.27 no.10
• /
• pp.154-160
• /
• 1990

System modeling for Heterodyne/Coherent Optical BFSK receiver is described and its receiver performance is evaluated. Receiver performance is deteriorated due to both shot noise and laser phase nois. Therefore, to minimize these noise impacts PLL loop natural frequency is selected optimally. For different power penalty due to phase error, required phase error variance to achieve $BER=10^{-9}$, nomalized loop power, and laser linewidth/bit rate(${\Delta\nu}s/Rb$) are derived. For 0.5dB power penalty, phase error variance=0.035(${rad^2}$), photon numbers=20.0, nomalized loop power = $3.8{\times}10^{-3}$(electron/s per herz), and ${\Delta\nu}s/Rb=5.24{\times}10^{-3}$ are obtained.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.7 no.8
• /
• pp.1629-1637
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we analyzed the performance of a hybird DS/SFH(Direct­Sequency­Slow Frequency­Hopping) Spread Spectrum system with BFSK modulation over Nakagami­m fading channel with multitone jamming. The performance of the system was improved when a frequency bowing rate increased. In case that process gain of hybrid DS/SFH Spread Spectrum system to be fixed, the hybrid DS/SFH Spread Spectrum takes the low bit error probability than a DS Spread Spectrum system. Also, when the fading index m increases, the fading effect decrease, when the JSR(jamming to signal power ratio) increases ,the performance of a hybrid DS/SFH Spread Spectrum system improved than DS Spread Spectrum system. The result, we have been proved that performance of a hybrid DS/SFH Spread Spectrum was superior to DS Spend Spectrum system over Nakagami­m fading with tome jamming.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.371-377
• /
• 2019

In this paper, we present the sea trial results of long distance underwater acoustic communication in the East Sea, October 2018. One transmitter and sixteen vertical array receivers were used to collect underwater acoustic communication signals, and the maximum distance between the transmitter and the receiver was 90 km. Information was transmitted by BFSK (Binary Frequency Shift Keying) and BCSK (Binary Chirp Shift Keying) method, which are typical digital frequency modulation techniques. Experimental results show that there is no error in all cases at the transmission distance of 60 km, and BFSK and BCSK have average uncoded bit error rate of 0.0197 and 0.0007 respectively without channel coding at 90 km transmission distance.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.499-504
• /
• 2002

In this paper, we analyzed the performance of FH/CPFSK system with differential detection in thermal noise, partial-band jamming noise and adjacent interference of all eight bit pattern. The parameters to analize performances of FH/CPFSK system have been used the bit rate, modulation index and performances of FH/CPFSK system with the differential detector have been presented with the optimum correlation function. And, we were compared with performance of FH/CPFSK and FH/BFSK system. In result, we could know that bit error probability of the approximation equation and exact equation nearly accorded in the high signal-to-noise ratio. And, we have been proved that FH/CPFSK system with differential detection according to jamming fraction ${\gamma}$ was worst to 3dB than FH/CPFSK system with limiter-discriminator. but was superior to 2dB than FH/BFSK.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2007.06a
• /
• pp.179-183
• /
• 2007

This paper is to implement a low power frequency Shift Keying(FSK) receiver using Xilinx System Generator. The receiver incorporates a 16 point Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) for symbol detection. The design units of the receiver are digital designs for better efficiency and reliability. The receiver functions on one bit data processing and supports data rates 10kbps. In addition CORDIC algorithm is used for avoiding complex multiplications while computing FFT, multiplication of twiddle factor is substituted by rotators. The design and simulation of the receiver is carried out in Simulink, then the simulink model is translated to a hardware model to implement FPGA using Xilinx System Generator and to verify performance.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.501-507
• /
• 1999

At the mobile unit for adaptation the propagation environment, it is necessity to adapt very fast the weight coefficient vector of adaptive array antenna In this paper, for the BPSK and BFSK signals with S/I=2, S/N=10 subband adaptive array signal processing method to the linear array antenna using the LMS & the Kalman filter algorithm is proposed. For the 4 elements equidistance linear array antenna systems LMS and Kalman algorithms with subband adaptive instruction principles using the subband signal processing method are adopted and the computer simulation results to the constant amplitude envelope signals such as BPSK or BFSK can be seen that the convergence characteristics of directional patterns and the signal following characteristics are more fast and stable.