• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.279-288
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• 2006

We incorporated cooperative learning focusing on the 'Crustal Deformation' in five classes of second grade students, at an all-girls' middle school of Gimje city. The groups of cooperative learning were composed of four members of students each, according to the heterogeneous level. We conducted a pretest on the students' preference before incorporating the cooperative learning. After ten weeks of cooperative school work, the students took a post test with the same questions as the pretest. The result of this method greatly impacted the change on the students' scientific preference. It means that the students showed a positive change in their awareness of and participation in science classes, compared to before. However it is difficult to distinguish the differences in their scientific attitude on the recognition about scientists and habits which make them think scientifically. This resulted from the short period of ten weeks which is not sufficient to carry out the study strategy effectively. Surveys of the students on cooperative learning indicates that the middle level students prefer this method unlike the higher or lower level students. we are convinced that they can learn from the students of higher level and are able to help the lower level with the interaction through cooperative learning. According to the result of the survey, the method has some weaknesses; it arouses the high noise levels and consequent disturbance due to verbal interaction and of conflicts due to disagreements when they discuss the process. On the contrary, advantages are developing the students's interest in science class, helping them to learn, creating positive participation in class, and fostering mutual collaboration with other students through cooperative learning.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to examine department satisfaction for improving the competitiveness of department of dental technology and providing basic data for students successful guidance. Methods: The study subject were 560 students from 4 colleges, and they were selected by the convenient sampling method. Data for this survey was obtain by self-administration method. This questionnaire consist of general characteristics, the awareness of before entering department of dental technology, the satisfaction of department of dental technology, an opinion about change of one's course and temporary absence. Results: About the time of selecting their major, 70.1% of students answered the most before highschool. Department of dental technology and the most common source of information in selecting a majors is the person oneself(52.6%). The person who answers because of knowing a little bit for the question asking the priori knowledge of department of dental technology showed up as 66.3%. About the motivation for selection their major, 37.4% of students answered the most it seemed to be a future prospect. As to the extend of department satisfaction, the satisfaction showed up as 63.3%, but the extend of satisfaction was exposed to reduce as the grade increased. The dissatisfaction factor is the difficulty of the theory(29.8%). Many students do not want to change their majors even if they are provided with the chance to do so(68.7%). From the survey related to the experience of thinking over temporary absence and drop out, 56.8% of students responded they had experienced thinking about that. Current feelings after department selection was found to be the most significant factor that affects satisfaction of department of dental technology(Adjusted $R^2$=48.3%). Conclusion: The extend of satisfaction of the women is low. The extend of satisfaction reduces as the grade increases. The school subject extend of satisfaction can know that ratio about of considering the leave of absence and voluntary withdrawal increases. Therefore, the plan of education that women can adapt the women o the school subject well and that it can be satisfied is sought for. It is considered that effort promoting the extend of satisfaction is needed as the grade increases.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.91-102
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• 2014

Recent trends in urban policies show the increasing importance of urban parks. Moreover the park policy and planning are increasingly important for the good urban park system. Comparative studies in the operational system and planning contents of the parks and green space plans of the major cities would be timely and meaningful. This study aims to provide a comparative study in operational system and planning contents of the Parks and Green Space Master Plan at urban scale. Sites include London, New York, Berlin, Sydney and Seoul. Analyses are focused on the master plans and strategy reports of each city. Frameworks for analysis are divided into operational system and planning contents. The results are as follows. First, the Parks and Green Space Plans as an open space planning linked to related resources would contribute to both integrated resources management and practice of the fairness. Second, evolution from quantity to quality of the parks and green space plan enhances revitalization and regeneration. Third, shift from the 'supply oriented plan' to 'need based plan' model provides flexible planning model to meet the demographic change, trend change, preference and use. Fourth, planning agents, enlarged opportunities for participation within each phase, diversified of the participants lead the changes from the passive participation to active one. In order to improve the practicability of the parks and green space master plan, a flexible planning strategy including social awareness changes and park governance is required.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.343-352
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the liberal arts curricula of domestic 3 year and 4 year dental hygiene departments and to obtain the basic data for the development of a standardized dental hygiene curriculum. Methods: The liberal arts curricula of fifteen 3 year and 4 year dental hygiene departments in Korea and other countries were analyzed. A survey was conducted on 801 selected dental hygiene majors from December 8 to 12, 2014. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 750 dental hygiene students and 150 dental hygiene professors. The questionnaire consisted of 5 questions of general characteristics and 13 questions including curricula change, usability of curricula, awareness of the suitability of dental hygiene curricula, and validity of curricula. Cronbach'a alpha was 0.71 in this study. Results: The grade point average in the liberal arts courses in Korean 4 year dental hygiene departments were 29, which was higher than that in 3 year dental hygiene departments of 13.2. There were large disparities among the colleges in the credits of these courses. The most common liberal arts courses in 4 year dental hygiene departments were foreign languages, man, society and communication, and natural science. In 3 year dental hygiene departments, English and foreign languages were the most common courses, followed by computer, man and society, philosophy and ethics. Foreign languages were considered to be the liberal arts course that should be most strengthened according to the job environment change of dental hygienist in globalizing society, followed by social psychology and pedagogy. Conclusions: Liberal arts courses were offered in the 4 year dental hygiene departments than in the 3 year dental hygiene departments in Korea, but there were a great deal of differences between colleges. The preparation of standardized guidelines on liberal arts courses are necessary. Liberal arts courses should support the performance skill and knowledge of the dental hygienists.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.288-293
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to provide response plans against acts of suicide bomb using utilize unmanned aircrafts to prevent large losses of lives such as the terrorist attacks of September 11. As the result, First, this research suggests revising the definition and categorization of utilizing unmanned aircrafts and legislating the Anti-terrorism law. Second, it is needed to establish the proper social safety network through terrorism response management integrated system against the terror of related organization. Third, suicide bomb using utilizing unmanned aircrafts can be occurred because it is possible to make bomb and open web site for terrorism without connection with terrorist organization because of universal use of Internet. In response to this, it is needed to make a law which can block the use and open of illegal site and contents. Forth, the increasing number of foreigners and immigrants can make conflicts, and cause the foreigner's anti-korea feeling and the citizen's anti-cultural diffusion. Therefore, it is needed for the citizen to change and improve the awareness of them, and the change of social politics.

• Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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• no.52
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• pp.359-397
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• 2014

This paper describes dramatherapy with a bulmina nervosa patient. She was in her early 20s and has been under the various psychotherapies for cure of deep depression since 2005. We had 24 sessions and 3 persons - the patient, the therapist, and the assist-therapist- participated in dramatherapy. I found there's a big collision between her important roles in the course of initial interview and diagnosis. Those roles are 'a good daughter of mom' and 'an independent adult'. Therefore I defined her bulmina nervosa as 'an symbolic behavior repeats compulsively the failure of separation from her mother.' And I set the general goals, the separation from her mother, the awareness and expression of negative emotions, and the diminuation of overeating and vomiting. To attain these object, we had many different dramatic experiences in dramatherapy. We made a self-portrait, the mask of bulmina nervosa, family sculpture, figure work, the past I and the present I, psychodramatic scene and several stories. In order to objective assessment, I used behavioral observation and 6PSM(6 Pieces Story Making) analysis. First of all the most noticeable change was a rapid decrease in over-eating and vomiting. Before the dramatherapy she had overeaten 30 times per week. At the closure it has fallen off to 1 time per week. Another behavioral changes were shift of outward appearance, not going church, working for living, and having a date with only one. She made 3 stories on 1th session, 13th session, and 23th session. And I comparatively analysed those stories with both qualitative and quantitative method. For qualitative analysis, I classified 5 structures according to the substantial similrarity. On protagonist structure, there's no difference. Three protagonists are dead things. The type of task structure is changed from an escape, a traveling, to metamorphosis. The type of obstruction structure is changed from the protagonist to an outside object. The type of closure structure is changed from an exaggerated happy ending, sad ending to probable happy ending. To quantitify the aspects of transformation, I developed an assesment tool using likert scale. It is composed of 4 sub-categories-reality testing, imagination, ego-strength, optimism problem-solving. In reality testing category, a shift of score was 9-11-15, imagination 2-5-5, ego strength 3-2-2, optimism 6-3-7, and total score 20-21-29. This change of score reflects the growth of problem solving capacity. Viewed in this light, dramatherapy with this girl was successful on the whole. The thing had significant effect on it was psycho-dynamic approach focused on separation from her mother and defence mechanism to avoid negative emotion. And assessment method used in this case will be full of suggestions to researches to come.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.209-216
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the association of the muscle activity around the neck of the operator(dental hygienists') according to the change in the patient's neck angle during a direct visual inspection on the maxillary right-side molar palatal surface. The operators were $4^{th}$ year dental hygiene students, who are future dentalhy gienists, having accurate understanding on and awareness of the location of the operation site, hand fixation, and how to use the tools. Data on the change in the muscle activity around the neck were collected by using surface electromyography and neck goniometer. SPSS statistics 20 was used for statistical analyses including Shapiro-wilk test and one-way ANOVA. As a result, the activities of the operator upper trapezius, cervical erector spinae, and levator scapulae muscles significantly decreased when the patient's head was angled compared to when it was not. For the angle of the operator head, the head bend significantly decreased when the patient's head was angled than when it was not. Based on the study results, it is expected that angling the patient's head when treating his or her teeth will decrease the excessive muscle activity around the neck of the operator, and will reduce muscle fatigue. Therefore, angling the head of the patient while treating his or her teeth is recommended. This suggests that muscle pain caused by repetitive actions in the wrong posture can be reduced.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.221-233
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• 2021

This study analyzed the contents of changes in educational policy from the perspective of policy learning, based on the awareness of the lack of academic efforts to identify such phenomena despite repeated policy failures in educational policy. To this end, it has been more than 20 years since the policy was established, but it was analyzed using the policy analysis case of the teacher incentive policy, which still had severe conflicts between the government and teacher unions. As a result of the analysis, first, there were 11 changes in the policy content from the Kim Dae-jung administration to the Moon Jae-in administration. Whenever the government was newly launched, not only the contents of the policy for teacher incentives changed, but also the policy changes continued during the same government period. Second, when analyzing what kind of policy learning took place at the stage of change in each government's policy content, most of them were 'political policy learning' or 'instrumental policy learning'. Rather than a fundamental discussion about the goal of the policy, it has only repeated policy learning that adjusts only the ratio of differential payments to defend the teacher incentive policy. In order to recover from this current situation, this study suggests that it is necessary to present an alternative policy that can change the rigid society of teachers through 'social policy learning', which examines the basic values and strategies of teacher incentive policies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.793-805
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify changes and differences in perceptions of disabilities, attitudes toward inclusive education, and teacher efficacy in Early childhood pre-service teachers through capstone design-based disability teaching material production classes. The study participants were 50 third-year child care majoring students (25 experimental group, 25 comparison group) who participated in capstone design class for one semester in 2020 at 3-year K university. Looking at the results of the study, the experimental group, which produced teaching materials for the disabilities, showed significant changes in disability awareness, attitude toward inclusive education, and teacher efficacy than the comparative group. there was a positive change in the perception of disability due to an increase in the overall understanding and knowledge of the disabilities. It is judged that these positive changes in the perception of people with disabilities gave positive changes to the attitude toward inclusive education and teachers' efficacy. This positive change of early childhood pre-service teachers will serve as an opportunity to improve the quality of teaching behavior and various roles of teachers when interacting with children with disabilities in the inclusive education field.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.21-28
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• 2022

This study analyzes the reality of the overall operating system, such as recognition and satisfaction with school field support work system of the Education Facilities Management Center, recognition level of restructuring of work areas, and the direction of improvement for school facility maintenance support in various types of future learning environments. To analyze the problem of this study, a survey was conducted on 290 education administrative officials in Gyeonggi-do. First, school site awareness and work performance satisfaction of the Educational Facilities Management Center were evaluated as "below average," and it is necessary to improve the qualitative work area that is practically helpful to schools. Second, in the area of organizational operation, it is desirable to avoid simple tasks with a low evaluation of "below average" and to switch to an operating system that improves efficiency. Third, the need for the facility environment area (professionalism, safety) was the highest, but the center's ability and work processing level were evaluated very low as "below average," so it is urgent to improve the center's capacity. Fourth, in the area of social and educational policy change, the center received a high score for the need for access from the perspective of a learning environment linked to future education. Therefore, a policy review on the restructuring and improvement of work areas suitable for this is necessary.