• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.145-155
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• 2007

The advent of osseointegration and advances in biomaterials and techniques have contributed to increased application of dental implants in the restoration of maxillary partial edentulous patients. Often, in these patients, soft and hard tissue defects result from a variety of causes, such as infection, trauma, and tooth loss. These create an anatomically less favorable foundation for ideal implant placement. Reconstruction of the atrophic maxillary alveolar bone through a variety of regenerative surgical procedures has become predictable; it may be necessary prior to implant placement or simultaneously at the time of implant surgery to provide a restoration with a good long-term prognosis. Regenerative procedures are used for horizontal and vertical ridge augmentation. Many different techniques exist for effective bone augmentation. The approach is largely dependent on the extent of the defect and specific procedures to be performed for the implant reconstruction. It is most appropriate to use an evidenced-based approach when a treatment plan is being developed for bone augmentation cases. The cases presented in this article clinically demonstrate the efficacy of using a autogenous block graft, guided bone regeneration, ridge split, immediated implant placement technique on the atrophic maxillary area.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.467-473
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare volume and revascularization of autogenous block bone grafts in simultaneously cortical perforation of recipient beds and grafts, and only cortical perforation of recipient beds. Materials and methods: Two block bone in 8mm diameter was harvested in both skull using trephine bur on 20 New Zealand white rabbits. Harvested block bone was grafted on both inferior border of mandible. On the left side(experimental side), cortical bone of recipient beds and graft were perforated, and on the right side(control side), the only recipient bed was perforated. The rabbits had been sacrificed and infused the India ink for the observation of revascularization at 20 day and 40 day after surgery. The specimens were processed for H-E staining and quantitative analysis(independent t-test, p<0.01) was made under an optical microscope. In additional, specimens were processed for the observation of revascularization. Results: After 20 days, more bone volume was observed in experimental group, but no significant difference between two groups(p=0.106). There were significantly more bone volume in the experimental group at 40 days after surgery(p<0.01). After 20 days, more discrete vascular sprouts were observed in experimental side, but no difference at 40 days after surgery. Conclusion: We conclude that the cortical perforation of both the recipient beds and grafts improve revascularization at early stage and overall graft persistence.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.533-539
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• 2000

Recent development of dental implantology has taken an interest in the bone graft procedure. This is a review of literature, published from 1994 to November 1999. This study is provided by MEDLINE search. In this study, 718 patients received 829 graft with placing 2,677 endosseous implants. In mandible, nonvascularized or vascularized block bone grafts provided better results(success rate 95.2%) than particulate grafts(83.6%). But in maxilla, particulate grafts provided better results(93.7%, 86.2%) and more cases especially in sinus elevation. There were many cases using autogenous bone graft and revealed good results, but allogenic or alloplastic bone graft materials also were used by many surgeons.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.353-359
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• 2013

Purpose: Extensive research is actively ongoing for development of an ideal bone substitute that meets the gold standard. Tooth was selected as a donor site for evaluation of potentials in bone substitutes based on its similar chemical compositions to alveolar bone. Previous studies have evaluated inorganic components of autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) and osteoconductivity. In continuation from the previous studies, the current study was conducted for analysis of organic components and evaluation of osteoinductivity of AutoBT. Methods: Forty-six extracted teeth were collected from actual patients (Korea Tooth Bank, R&D Institute). Extracted teeth were processed into AutoBT and implanted in dorsal subcutaneous muscular tissues of 15 athymic mice. Biopsy samples were harvested at two, five, and eight weeks. The Bradford assay, sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gradient gel, and western blotting were performed for investigation of organic contents of AutoBT. Results: Histology analyses showed signs of new bone formation as early as two weeks. Results of the Bradford assay indicated the existence of noncollagenous proteins (NCP). 0.29% (2.89 mg/g) of proteins were extracted by weight in the root portion of AutoBT; 0.02% (0.029 mg/g) and 1.79% (17.93 mg/g) of proteins were measured by weight in crown and block-form of AutoBT, respectively. However, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 was not observed in AutoBT. Conclusion: Within the limitation of the current study, AutoBT induced new bone formation by NCP embedded in dentin.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.2-8
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• 2012

Introduction: Auto-tooth bone graft material consists of 55% inorganic hydroxyapatite (HA) and 45% organic substances. Inorganic HA possesses properties of bone in terms of the combining and dissociating of calcium and phosphate. The organic substances include bone morphogenetic protein and proteins which have osteoinduction capacity, as well as the type I collagen identical to that found in alveolar bone. Auto-tooth bone graft material is useful as it supports excellent bone regeneration capacity and minimizes the possibility of foreign body reaction,genetic diseases and disease transmission. Materials and Methods: Implant placement combined with osteoinductive regeneration,preservation of extraction socket, maxillary sinus augmentation, and ridge augmentation using block type,powder type, and block+powder type autobone graft materialwere performed for 250 patients with alveolar bone defect and who visited the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Dankook University from September 2009 to August 2011. Results: Clinical assessment: Among the 250 patients of auto-tooth bone graft, clinical assessment was performed for 133 cases of implant placement. The average initial stabilization of placed implants was 74 implant stability quotient (ISQ). Radiological assessment: The average loss of crestal bone in the mandible as measured 6 months on the average after the application of prosthesis load was 0.29 mm, ranging from 0 mm to 3.0 mm. Histological assessment: In the histological assessment, formation of new bone, densified lamellated bone, trabecular bones, osteoblast, and planting fixtures were investigated. Conclusion: Based on these results, we concluded that auto-tooth bone graft material should be researched further as a good bone graft material with osteoconduction and osteoinduction capacities to replace autogenous bone, which has many limitations.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.76-79
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• 2009

Purpose: Capsulolabral reconstruction in a traumatic anterior instability of the glenohumeral joint is successful not only for the prevention of recurrent instability but also for the restoration of function. Materials and Methods: However, a capsulolabral procedure alone cannot guarantee a successful result when there is severe bone loss of the glenoid. Results: We report the surgical technique and results of capsulolabral repair and extraarticular bone block with an autogenous iliac crest graft performed on three cases (all male, average age 28 years, minimum follow-up 12 months) with traumatic anterior instability associated with more than 30% glenoid bone loss.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.527-532
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• 2000

A review of the literature, provided by a MEDLINE search from 1980 through June 1999, was performed. This study was screened that 649 patients received 679 sinus lift grafts in which 2056 implants were placed. The types of grafts in sinus augmentation were autogenous bone, corticocancellous block bone, allogenic bone, and a variety of alloplastic materials. Results of these grafts are presented. The most frequent complications was the infection of maxillary sinus. Long-term follow-up is necessary to advance the sinus elevation and to support posterior maxillary restorations.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.376-381
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• 1999

A variety of materials and procedures such as sinus floor elevation, sinus-lift graft, inlay bone graft using Le Fort I osteotomy, and onlay graft have been used to create adequate bone volume in the maxillary sinus for placement of endosseous implants in the posterior atrophic maxilla. Because of the frequent lack of bone in the posterior maxilla, sinus lift procedure has become a commonly practiced treatment modality. The 138 endosseous implants of 36 patients with sinus augmentation procedures performed in Korea University Hospital from January 1991 to December 1998 were summarized and analysed. The result of this study were as follows: 1. Age ranged from 39 to 57, with a mean of 50.7. 2. The mean survival rate for 138 implants with maxillary sinus lift procedure was 80.4%. 3. There was no corelationship between the fixture length, width and the survival rate. 4. The result showed that the healing period for 8-12 months was necessary if the residual alveolar bone height was less than 5mm. 5. Autogenous iliac corticocancellous block graft showed the most favorable survival rate(95%).

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2014

Purpose: Autogenous bones are frequently used because of their lack of antigenicity, but good osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. This study evaluated the biological behavior of perforated and nonperforated cortical block bone grafts. Methods: Ten nonsmoking patients who required treatment due to severe resorption of the alveolar process and subsequent implant installation were included in the study. The inclusion criteria was loss of one or more teeth; the presence of atrophy of the alveolar process with the indication of reconstruction procedures to allow rehabilitation with dental implants; and the absence of systemic disease, local infection, or inflammation. The patients were randomly divided into two groups based on whether they received a perforated (inner surface) or nonperforated graft. After a 6-month healing period, a biopsy was performed and osseointegrated implants were installed in the same procedure. Results: Fibrous connective tissue was evident at the interface in patients who received nonperforated grafts. However, full union between the graft and host bed was visible in those who had received a perforated graft. Conclusions: We found that cortical inner side perforations at donor sites increased the surface area and opened the medullary cavity. Our results indicate an increased rate of graft incorporation in patients who received such perforated grafts.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.44 no.2 s.441
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• pp.115-122
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dimensional errors between real tooth, 3D CT image and CARP model. Materials and Methods : Two maxilla and two mandible block bones with intact teeth were taken from two cadavers. Computed tomography was taken either in dry state and in wet state. After then, all teeth were extracted and the dimensions of the real teeth were measured using a digital caliper at mesio-distal and bucco-lingual width both in crown and cervical portion. 3D CT image was generated using the V-works $4.0^{TM}$ (Cybemed Inc., Seoul, Korea) software. Twelve teeth were randomly selected for CARP model fabrication. All the measurements of 3D Ct images and CARP models were made in the same manner of the real tooth group. Dimensional errors between real tooth, 3D CT image model and CARP model was calculated. Results : 1) Average of absolute error was 0.199 mm between real teeth and 3D CT image model, 0.169 mm between 3D CT image model and CARP model and 0.291 mm between real teeth and CARP model, respectively. 2) Average size of 3D CT image was smaller than real teeth by 0.149 mm and that of CARP model was smalier than 3D CT image model by 0.067mm. Conclusion : Within the scope of this study, CARP model with the 0.291 mm average of absolute eror can aid to enhance the success rate cf autogenous tooth transplantation due to the increased accuracy of recipient bone and donor tooth.