• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.115-121
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine relation between perception on hospice and attitude toward death to provide baseline data for the development of programs for hospice or death-related education for university students. The survey was performed on 150 students in four universities in B metropolitan city. The data was collected from July 30 to August 13, 2019. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA Pearson's correlation coefficient with the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. The mean of perception on hospice score was 3.06 out of 4, of the attitude toward death, 'neutral acceptance', 'fear of death', 'death avoidance', 'approach acceptance', and 'escape acceptance' had average scores of 5.31, 3.77, 3.56, 3.15, and 3.06, respectively. There were significant differences in perception on hospice according to gender, major, and experience of hospice-related education and in attitude toward death according to gender, major, religion, subjective health status, experience of hospice-related education. The relationship between perception on hospice and neutral acceptance showed a significant positive correlation, and fear of death and death avoidance showed a significant negative correlation. Therefore, we need consider these variables to develop a hospice or death-related education program to enhance university students' attitudes to death and their perception of hospice.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.391-398
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of attitude to death, spiritual well-being on attitude to euthanasia of university students. The data were collected from 265 subjects using a structured self-report questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS WIN version 23.0. The mean score of attitude to death, spiritual well-being, and attitude to euthanasia were 2.75, 3.69, and 3.15. Attitudes to euthanasia did not correlate with attitudes toward death, and negatively correlated with spiritual well-being. Religious well-being was a influencing factors on attitude to euthanasia and explained 12.7% of attitude to euthanasia. This means that the higher the religious well-being, the lower the attitude to euthanasia of university students. Therefore, religious well-being should be considered in discussing euthanasia of university students.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.212-221
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was performed to compare nursing students' attitudes toward death among South Korea, Japan and Indonesia, and to confirm the need for death education in nursing. Methods: A total of 294 nursing students completed a questionnaire titled as the Death Attitude Profile-Revised (Wong, Recker, Gesser. 1994). Participating students were from two nursing schools in South Korea, two in Japan and one in Indonesia. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including, ${\chi}^2$-test, ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis. Results: The total mean score of the DAP-R for the three countries combined was $3.84{\pm}0.73$. By country, the mean was the highest for Indonesian students ($4.32{\pm}0.71$), followed by Korean ($3.75{\pm}0.57$) and Japanese ($3.56{\pm}0.70$) respectively. In relation to subcategories, Indonesian students showed the highest mean score for death avoidance ($3.67{\pm}1.38$) and approach acceptance ($5.37{\pm}1.00$). Korean students marked the highest ($5.51{\pm}0.91$) in neutral acceptance and Japanese students scored the best ($3.63{\pm}1.46$) in escape acceptance. Nursing students who had an experience of caring terminally ill patients tended to be affirmative in approach acceptance (P=0.047). There were significant differences in each of the four subcategories except fear of death among the three countries (P<0.001). Conclusion: The above results indicate it is necessary to develop education programs based on each country's social and cultural background to help nursing students form desirable attitudes toward death.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.136-144
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• 2016

Purpose: To provide practical data for bioethics education, we identified correlations between recognition of good death, attitude towards withdrawal of meaningless life-sustaining treatment, and attitude towards euthanasia in nurses. Methods: Using convenience sampling, we recruited 218 nurses who had at least six-month work experience in one of the six general hospitals with 500 or more beds in Seoul, Busan, and Gyeongsang province. All participants understood the purpose of the study and agreed to take part in the study. The research tools used included the Concept of Good Death Measure (CoGD), the measurement tool for attitudes towards withdrawal of meaningless life-sustaining treatment (WoMLST), and the measurement tool for attitudes towards euthanasia. Data were analyzed using an Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS 21 for Windows. Results: Nurses had normal levels on CoGD, WoMLST, and attitudes towards euthanasia. Nurses' CoGD, WoMLST, and euthanasia scores significantly differed depending on their education level, working period, and the importance of religion to them. A negative correlation was found between the CoGD and WoMLST scores, and WoMLST and euthanasia scores were positively correlated. Conclusion: Nurses should be trained to deal with ethical issues that may arise while caring for terminal patients. It is necessary for nurses to understand the concepts related to CoGD, WoMLST, and euthanasia, and to promote bioethics education with focus on decision-making and problem-solving ability in ethically conflicting situations.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.270-279
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• 1998

Since death is an extremely subjective and unique experience, if we take into account the lack of understanding about death due to the difficulty in methodology, it is very important to try to understand the subjectivity of death. In this respect, Q-methodology that explains and shows the respondent's subjectivity by objectifying his subjectivity is employed as a solution to the questions in this study. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide data on how medical personnel should treat their patients, when it comes to death : by finding out the opinions of those who are being treated, namely the patients, and those who are providing the treatment, namely the medical personnel. It also by examined the characteristics and relationships between these two groups on attitudes to death. The results of this study show that medical per sonnel have two(fate-receipient, reality-oriented) types of response and patients have three (religion-dependent, science-adherent, sardonist) types. Medical personnel saw patients as having three (life-attached. traditionalist, death-rejector) types of response and to patients saw medical personnel as having two (rationalist, humanist)types. The relationship between the above-mentioned types will be examined in a coorientation model, the subjectivity of the medical personnel and the patient toward death indicates a relatively high understanding between the two groups under the great proposition of 'death'. Therefore, in their relationship with people who are facing death, the provider of care, namely the medical personnel, should identify the subjectivity of the patient before approaching them. By doing this, they can minimize the conflicts they might experience in establishing a therapeutic relationship, reduce suffering, and help the patient in greeting a more comfortable death. Throughout the study, Q-methodology expands our understanding of coorientation model that has only been approached with R-methodology. This study confirmed Q's potentiality and its validity in human subjective matters.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.160-170
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of death anxiety and perceived end-of-life care competencies on the fear of terminal care among clinical nurses. Methods: This correlational study was conducted from June to July 2021. The study included 149 clinical nurses employed at a tertiary hospital and seven other hospitals. The measurement tools used in this study were the Thanatophobia Scale (Cronbach's α=0.87), the Death Anxiety Scale (Cronbach's α=0.80), and the Scale of End-of-life Care Competencies (Cronbach's α=0.94). These instruments were chosen to assess the levels of fear of terminal care, death-related anxiety, and competencies in end-of-life care. Results: The mean score for fear of terminal care was 3.32±1.32. Differences in fear of terminal care were observed based on the working unit, position, number of patients requiring terminal care, and experience with end-of-life care education. Fear of terminal care was significantly positively correlated with death anxiety and significantly negatively correlated with end-of-life care competencies. In multiple regression analysis, the factors influencing fear of terminal care were attitudes toward end-of-life care competencies (𝛽=-0.39, P<0.001), death anxiety (𝛽=0.24, P<0.001), knowledge of end-of-life care competencies (𝛽=-0.22, P=0.005), and behaviors related to end-of-life care competencies (𝛽=-0.16, P=0.021). These factors explained 64.6% of the total variance (F=25.54, P<0.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that developing nurses' end-of-life care competencies and reducing death anxiety are crucial for managing the fear of terminal care. Therefore, providing end-of-life care education and psychological support programs is important.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.275-284
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for developing hospice intervention strategies that can enhance hospice care perception plus attitude toward death of nursing students by grasping the factors affecting the perception of first grade students. Data were collected from 185 nursing students at J university in G-do. Analysis was done using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Multiple regression with IBM SPSS WIN/25.0. Hospice care perception was correlated to moral behavior (r=.22, p=.002) and biomedical ethics consciousness (r=.29, p<.001). The most influential factor on the subjects' hospice care perception was biomedical ethics consciousness (β=.224, p=.012), followed by high financial competence of parents (β=.187, p=.027). The explanatory power was 11.5%. Therefore, systematic programs that can enhance moral behavior and biomedical ethics consciousness are necessary to promote awareness of hospice care. Also, the following data can be utilized as basic data to help develop hospice education programs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.355-369
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to identify on the attitudes toward the life support care among elderly people using Q methodology. Methods: Thirty-nine elderly people classified 34 selected Q statements into a shape of normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The obtained data were analyzed by using a PQ Method PC program. Results: Principal component analysis identified 4 types of the attitudes toward the life support care among elderly people. Type I is "Situational & Self-determination linear type", type II is "Destiny & Life support care denied type", type III is "Avoidant & Family decision emphasis type" and type IV is "Respect for life & life support care approved type". Most of elderly people have been attitude that wish to receive honor their own decisions toward the prolongation treatment. Conclusion: The findings indicate a need to policy guidelines and public information that express self-determination of elderly people.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.393-399
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• 2019

This is a descriptive study on the perception and attitude toward DNR in adults. Structured questionnaires were used and 210 subjects were studied. In recognition of DNR, DNR was helpful for 'a comfortable dying(64.3%)'. The need for DNR in situation investigated 'For dignified dying (41.3%)' and 'to alleviate patient suffering(23.9%)'. Respondents who do not agree with DNR are shown 'Because legal issues can arise(61.7%)', 'Because human dignity is the life-sustaining priority(16.7%)'. In the attitude toward DNR, the most significant result was 'I want to know if I have an incurable disease (4.21).' There was no difference in attitudes toward DNR among adults. The DNR is not a method of Withdrawing in lifeprolonging treatment, It should be addressed in a comprehensive context in which human beings exercise autonomy over the process of dying and death.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.208-218
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• 2015

Purpose: Although a Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) order is widely in use, it is one of the challenging issues in end-of-life care. This study was conducted to investigate attitudes toward DNR according to education and clinical experience. Methods: Data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising 30 items in a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea. Results: Participants were 238 nurses and 72 physicians. Most participants (99%) agreed to the necessity of DNR for reasons such as dignified death (52%), irreversible medical condition (23%) and patients' autonomy in decision making (19%). Among all, 33% participants had received education about DNR and 87% had DNR experience. According to participants' clinical DNR experience, their attitudes toward DNR significantly differed in terms of the necessity of DNR, timing of the DNR consent and post-DNR treatments including antibiotics. However, when participants were grouped by the level of DNR education, no significant difference was observed except in the timing of the DNR consent. Conclusion: This study suggests that the attitudes toward DNR were more affected by clinical experience of DNR rather than education. Therefore, DNR education programs should involve clinical settings.