Comparison of Attitudes toward Death among Nursing Students from South Korea, Japan and Indonesia

한국.일본.인도네시아 간호대학생의 죽음에 대한 태도 비교

  • 이소우 (일본 오이타 현립 간호과학대학) ;
  • 이소영 (꽃동네대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 이영휘 (인하대학교 간호학과) ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • Received : 2012.10.10
  • Accepted : 2012.10.31
  • Published : 2012.12.01

Abstract

Purpose: This study was performed to compare nursing students' attitudes toward death among South Korea, Japan and Indonesia, and to confirm the need for death education in nursing. Methods: A total of 294 nursing students completed a questionnaire titled as the Death Attitude Profile-Revised (Wong, Recker, Gesser. 1994). Participating students were from two nursing schools in South Korea, two in Japan and one in Indonesia. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including, ${\chi}^2$-test, ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis. Results: The total mean score of the DAP-R for the three countries combined was $3.84{\pm}0.73$. By country, the mean was the highest for Indonesian students ($4.32{\pm}0.71$), followed by Korean ($3.75{\pm}0.57$) and Japanese ($3.56{\pm}0.70$) respectively. In relation to subcategories, Indonesian students showed the highest mean score for death avoidance ($3.67{\pm}1.38$) and approach acceptance ($5.37{\pm}1.00$). Korean students marked the highest ($5.51{\pm}0.91$) in neutral acceptance and Japanese students scored the best ($3.63{\pm}1.46$) in escape acceptance. Nursing students who had an experience of caring terminally ill patients tended to be affirmative in approach acceptance (P=0.047). There were significant differences in each of the four subcategories except fear of death among the three countries (P<0.001). Conclusion: The above results indicate it is necessary to develop education programs based on each country's social and cultural background to help nursing students form desirable attitudes toward death.

목적: 본 연구는 한국 일본 인도네시아 간호대학생의 죽음에 대한 태도를 비교함으로써 각 국가별 죽음에 대한 태도의 차이를 파악하고 간호학 교육과정에서의 죽음 교육의 필요성을 확인하는 것이다. 방법: 한국 일본 인도네시아 간호대학생 294명을 대상으로 Wong 등의 죽음 태도 질문지(Death Attitude Profile Revised: DAP-R 32)를 사용하였다. 자료분석은 서술적 통계와 ${\chi}^2$-test, ANOVA, multiple comparison analysis를 사용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 한국 일본 인도네시아 간호대학생의 죽음 태도(DAP-R) 전체 32항목의 평균 값은 $3.84{\pm}0.73$이었고 국가 별로는 인도네시아 $4.32{\pm}0.71$, 한국 $3.75{\pm}0.57$, 일본 $3.56{\pm}0.70$의 순으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.001). 하위영역별로는 죽음 회피와 접근적 수용은 인도네시아가 가장 높았고($3.67{\pm}1.38$, $5.37{\pm}1.00$), 중립적 수용은 한국이 $5.51{\pm}0.91$, 도피적 수용은 일본이 $3.63{\pm}1.46$으로 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 말기환자를 담당한 경험에 따라 죽음에 대한 접근적 수용을 하는 경향이 유의하게 컸다(P=0.047). 죽음에 대한 두려움을 제외한 4개 하위 영역에서 각 국가별 죽음에 대한 태도에 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.001). 결론: 간호대학생이 죽음에 대한 바람직한 태도를 형성할 수 있도록 각 국가별 죽음에 대한 태도와 사회 문화적 요인을 고려한 죽음 교육 과정을 개발할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

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