• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.3791-3805
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• 2016

The visual attention mechanism includes 2 attention models, the bottom-up (B-U) and the top-down (T-D), the physiology of which have not yet been accurately described. In this paper, the visual attention mechanism is regarded as a Bayesian fusion process, and a visual attention model based on particle filter is proposed. Under certain particular assumed conditions, a calculation formula of Bayesian posterior probability is deduced. The visual attention fusion process based on the particle filter is realized through importance sampling, particle weight updating, and resampling, and visual attention is finally determined by the particle distribution state. The test results of multigroup images show that the calculation result of this model has better subjective and objective effects than that of other models.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.74-82
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• 2019

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate clinical and neuropsychological factors associated with treatment response and adverse events of atomoxetine in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Korea. Methods: Children with ADHD were recruited at the Department of Psychiatry of Asan Medical Center from April 2015 to April 2018. Diagnoses of ADHD and comorbid psychiatric disorders were confirmed with the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version. The subjects were subsequently treated with atomoxetine for 12 weeks and illness severity was scored using the ADHD Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale (CGI-S) and/or Improvement scale (CGI-I), at pre- and post-treatment. They also completed the Advanced Test of Attention (ATA), while their caregivers completed the Korean Personality Rating Scale for Children (KPRC) at pre- and post-treatment. Independent t-test, Fisher's exact test, ${\chi}^2$ test, mixed between-within analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: Sixty-five children with ADHD (mean age: $7.9{\pm}1.4years$, 57 boys) were enrolled, of which, 33 (50.8%) were treatment responders. Scores on the social dysfunction subscale of the KPRC (p=0.021) and commission errors on the visual ATA (p=0.036) at baseline were higher in treatment non-responders than in responders; however, the statistical significances disappeared after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Mood changes were also observed in 13 subjects (20.0%), and three of them discontinued atomoxetine due to this. Additionally, atomoxetine-emergent mood change was observed more frequently in girls (p=0.006), while the intelligence quotient (p=0.040) was higher in those subjects with mood changes than in those without. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that clinical and neuropsychological factors could be associated with treatment response or adverse events of atomoxetine in children with ADHD. Further long-term studies with larger samples are needed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.412-420
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• 2007

In this study, we investigated the influences of the epistemological beliefs on the conceptual change processes in respects of cognitive conflict, situational interest, attention and state learning strategies. After administering epistemological belief questionnaire as a pretest, 218 seventh graders possessing misconceptions about density were selected from the results of a preconception test. The questionnaires of responses to a discrepant event and situational interest were administered. After learning with a CAI program, attention test, state learning strategy test and conception test were also administered as post-tests. Analysis of the results revealed that fixed ability, quick learning and certain knowledge, which are epistemological factors, were highly related, but only certain knowledge exerted a direct effect on conceptual understanding negatively. It also had positive effects on attention directly as well as via situational interest, and thus increased conceptual understanding, even if the effects were relatively smaller than the direct effect. However, epistemological beliefs had little influence on conceptual understanding through cognitive conflict and/or state learning strategies.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of Test of Playfulness (ToP) in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) children. Methods : Twenty ADHD children participated in this study. To determine inter-rater reliability, two raters was evaluated by Test of Playfulness scores and analyzed Kappa coefficient and total agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results : Total agreement was the range of 75%~95% and the Kappa coefficients was the range of. 45~1.00. Analyzing inter-rater reliability by ICC showed very high reliability: Intrinsic motivation was .96, internal control was .98, suspension of reality was .90, framing was .98, total score was .99. Conclusion : A reliability of Test of Playflness of children with ADHD showed that high. On the basis of this study, it will provide availability for clinical evaluation of children with ADHD, and basic study on the play of children with ADHD.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 1985

This study develops a scientific method in pilot selection by analysing a divided attention performance between the successful pilots and the failures in a flight training course. To measure the divided attention performance, Dual Task Method is used in which the primary task is a tracking task while the secondary tasks are, 1. short-term memory task 2. choice reaction task 3. judgement task. Result shows that the performance of the pilots is significantly better (p < 0.1) than that of the failures in divided attention performance. In addition, the differences in the divided attention performance between the two groups are increased in proportion to the difficulty of the task and especially in the short term memory, the increment is most dramatic.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2013

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate attention, memory and executive function in patients with narcolepsy. Methods: This study included 23 narcoleptic patients whose diagnosis were confirmed by the International Classification of Sleep Disorders(ICSD) at Chonnam National University Hospital Sleep Disorders Clinic or an other hospital in Korea, from 2005 to 2008, as well as 23 normal controls. All participants were given an IQ test for Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and several neuropsychological function tests (the d2 test for attention function, the Rey Complex Figure Test for nonverbal memory, the Korean-California Verbal Learning Test [K-CVLT] for verbal memory, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test for executive function). Clinical features of narcoleptic patients, including the frequency of excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucination, were investigated by a structured clinical interview administered by a neuropsychiatist. Excessive daytime sleepiness was evaluated by the Epworth sleepiness scale. Results: Characteristic symptoms of narcolepsy observed in this study included excessive daytime sleepiness (n=23, 100.0%), cataplexy (n=19, 82.6%), hypnagogic hallucination (n=5, 21.7%) and sleep paralysis (n=12, 52.2%). In nocturnal polysomnographic findings, stage 2 sleep and REM latency were found to be significantly decreased in narcoleptic patients compared with the control group, and were accompanied by significant increases in stage 1 sleep. Narcoleptic patients had lower scores than the control group on total number, Total Number-Total Error, Concentration Performance and Fluctuation Rate on the d2 test, which measures attention. Also, there were significant differences between the performance of patient and control groups on the B list of the K-CVLT, which measures verbal memory. Conclusion: Narcoleptic patients showed decreased attention and verbal memory performance compared to the control group; however, in many areas, narcoleptic patients still demonstrated normal cognitive function.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.428-435
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of the visual evaluation about clothing texture, the state of wearing and the method of presentation. The data from observation were analyzed by factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test and MCA. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. 17 pairs of discriptors used for the visual evaluation of clothing stimuli were found to include four factor dimensions(total variance 65.6%) ; Attention, Appearance, Texture, Maturity. 2. For the image of clothing texture, there were significant differences in the attention and texture. 3. For the image of the state of wearing, there were significant differences in the attention and appearance. 4. For the image of the method of presentation, there were significant differences in the clothing texture and the state of wearing. 5. According to clothing texture, the state of wearing and the method of presentation, the interaction effect was significant in the attention and appearance.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-32
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to make a case study of a fourth- grade child diagnosed as ADHD. The subject in this study, who was the supplier of information, was especially inattentive and. impulsive. The focus of this study was placed on improving his attention, and it's also meant to lighten his impulsiveness. An attention improvement training program was devised by applying play and games that would spark the interest of the ADHD child who was inattentive and felt easily boring. The program was conducted in 15 sessions, and his self-report of attention and impulsiveness and task performance were checked to find out the effect of the program before, after and six weeks after it was implemented. Besides, additional data were gathered by keeping observational and counseling journals and interviewing people around them, and the collected data were analyzed to get a profound understanding of the child. The finding of the study were as follows: First, according to the pretest, posttest and retention test scores on attention and additional data, the attention improvement training that utilized play and game served to boost the attention of the information provider, and that had a lasting effect on that as well. Second, as a result of analyzing the pretest, posttest and retention test scores on impulsiveness and additional data, the attention improvement training that utilized play and games contributed to easing the impulsiveness of the information provider, and that had a continuing effect on that as well. Third, in addition to attention and impulsiveness, there were favorable changes in his peer relationship and confidence when all the collected data were analyzed.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2018

In this paper for developing and implementing the car driver's front lane attention enhancement developed system using the car camera. The developed system automatically alarm the car driver when front cars make the dangerous situation. We use Raspberry Pi camera module V2 as car camera module, Raspberry Pi 3 board as hardware main board of implementing embedded system and develop the application library module which can be operated on the Raspberry situation. The application library module widely consist of two part, front car recognition part and dangerous situation distinguish part. Our developed system satisfy the performance test of the target system at the software test certification laboratory of TTA(Telecommunication Technology Association). We test four items as attentive car recognition ability at day and night, system performance, response time. We get the performance of developed system based on the four goal. The car driver's front lane attention enhancement system in this paper will be widely used at the ADAS(Advanced Driving Assistance System) because of the better performance and function.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.120-127
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• 2011

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to verify discriminant validity and the clinical cutoff score of Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 in the diagnosis of developmental delayed infants. Methods:The participants were screened by Denver II which includes 156 developmental delayed infants and 288 normal infants. Chi-squared test, t-test, ROC curve analysis, odds ratio analysis were performed on the data. Results:Only 47 items out of 99 items among the CBCL 1.5-5 of total groups, 36 items of boys and 48 items of girls, discriminated developmental delayed infants well. Discriminant validity was confirmed by mean differences on the subscales of Withdrawn, Sleep Problems, Attention Problems, Internalizing Problems, Externalizing Problems, Total Problems, DSM Pervasive Developmental Problems and DSM Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Problems between the two groups. Additionally, ROC analyses demonstrated that Withdrawn, Attention Problems, Internalizing Problems, Total Behavior Problems and DSM Pervasive Developmental Problems significantly predicted developmental delayed infants compared to normal infants. Also, the clinical cutoff score criteria adopted in the Korean CBCL 1.5-5 for subscales of Withdrawn, Attention Problems, Internalizing Problems, Total Behavior Problems and DSM Pervasive Developmental Problems were shown to be valid. Conclusion:The subscales of Withdrawn, Attention Problems, Internalising Problems, Total Behavior Problems and DSM Pervasive Developmental Problems significantly discriminated in the diagnosis of developmental delayed infants well.