• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.81-93
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of teachers' self-evaluation on their health teaching behaviors, then to furnish the basic data to be able to improve teachers' health teaching activities and the educational issues on the education of teachers. To put above aims into practice, these were required: 1. Are there any differences in the results of self-evaluation on health teaching behaviors factors by teachers? 2. Are there any differences in the results of health teaching self-evaluation whether he/she take P.E as major of study in-serviece training period? 3. Does it have any influence on the results of health teaching self-evaluation whether he or she completed on the job training for the school health? 4. Are there any differences in the results of health teaching self-evaluation by sex and career? To carry out a research for this purpose, the factors of health teaching self-evaluation were divided into the clearness of the procedure, the active interaction, the variety of the ways showing the contents, and the individualization of the procedure. Then a questionnaire form, consisting of 28 specific inquires to evaluate health teaching behaviors, was delivered and conducted by 450 teacher of the elementary school in Kyungki-do. The analysis of data was done by SPSS; producing mean and standard deviation and they were inspected statistically to compare the evaluation levels and find out the differences by teachers' personal variables. The conclusion were as follows: 1. In the self-evaluation level of teachers' health teaching behaviors, teachers showed 68.23 point as are percentile distribution. And it was in order of a school-nurse(71.68), an athletic teacher(67.29), and a class-room teacher (65.66). Score obtained by teacher was statistically significant difference (p〈.001) 2. In the factors affecting to teachers' health instruction, “active interaction” showed the highest score(18.55), “variety of ways showing the contents”(17.38), “clearness of the procedure” (16.70), and “individualization of the procedure” (15.59). In the analysis of the differences by teachers, according to factors, there were significant differences in “active interaction”, “variety of the ways showing contents”, “clearness of the procedure”(p〈.001). 3. Self-evaluation score for graduates from Dept. of P. E in Teachers' collage was not significant difference compared with other majors(p〉.05). 4. Teachers receiving health education was significantly higher self-evaluation score than that of teachers not-receiving health education (P〈.01). 5. Self-evaluation score of female teacher was significant difference compared with that of male teacher (p〈.001). 6. Career (working duration) did not influenced to self-evaluation score on health teaching behaviors (P〉 .05). On the basis of the conclusion of this study, the next are suggested: First, the further studies to make use of the results of health teaching behaviors and to examine the effect are needed. Second, the further studies to examine the relations between academic achievement and teachers' major(a school-nurse, an athletic teacher, and a class-room teacher) are needed. Third, the following studies to improve health teaching by both teachers' self-evaluation on health teaching behaviors and students' evaluation of teachers, and to find out more effective health teaching, are needed. Fourth, Health education for pre-service training course and On-the-Job training program are need the effective factors on the teachers' Health teaching obtained from this study.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.217-230
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the type, sites and period of injuries in Mixed Martial Arts. Methods : The questionnaire composed of 26 items was used as the research tool for this study. The respondents were 84 athletes of Mixed Martial Arts who participated in Spirit MC Amateur League in September, 2007. Data analysis use chi-square examination by SPSS$^{(R)}$ 12.0 program. Results : 1. Frequently, strikers are damaged at face and waist, grapplers are damaged at knee and waist. 2. Frequently, beginers are damaged at muscle and tendon, experts are damaged at bone and joint. 3. Age, career, specialty and injured type have significant correlations. 4. Age, career, training time and concern response have significant correlations. 5. Oriental medical treatment are friendly but not well-known to the athletes. Conclusions : Injuries of Mixed Martial Arts is multifactorial, so approach of athlete's individuality is important.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2013

The purpose of this survey was to investigate the exercise injuries and its care methods of members in amateur tennis clubs. 176 questionnaires were surveyed from tennis players who were exercising at 6 tennis club ranges in J city, Korea. The interesting variables were parts, time slots, causes, treatments of injuries, which were analyzed based on the general and exercise characteristics of surveyees, a gender, an age, an exercise career, an exercise time, an occupation, an average earning. The results of this study were as follows: 1) In the results of analyses for the injury parts, the upper bodies injuries were more than lower body ones, the injury of back and lumbus had the highest rate among upper body injuries. In twenties, the number of injury had highest rate. 2) The main cause of injury was the carelessness of one's own. The most injury by the carelessness of one's own was a reason for a lack of warm-up. 3) The first emergency manager for the injury was mostly oneself.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2015

Purpose. This study of purpose was to compare and analyze the relationship among the isokinetic trunk muscular functions, flexibility and low back pain of elite weight lifter with regard of sex. Methods. we measured the level of low back pain, isokinetic muscular functions according to gender, then analyzed the relationship between isokinetic functions and the level of low back pain, between flexibility and the level of pain, between Athletic Career and the level. Results. In this study, the gender, the VAS point was $2.6{\pm}2.3$ and the VRS point was $2.3{\pm}1.3$ in males. The other side, in females the VAS points was $3.6{\pm}1.7$ and the VRS was $3.2{\pm}1.1$. There was significant negative correlation(r=-0.826) between the VAS point and the maximal flexion muscular strength per kilogram of $30^{\circ}/sec$ isokinetic exercise in female. also there was negative correlation between the muscular flexion strength per kilogram and the VRS point in female, but there was no significant relationship in male. Conclusions. In current study, these results suggested that the higher muscular flexion strength per kilogram is, the lower the level of low back pain is in female athletes. this is caused by the imbalance between Abdominal Muscles and Back Extensor in weight lifter. Therefore, there is the need to apply the program to improve the balance of trunk.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.205-218
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• 2007

Statement of problem, and purpose: This study was performed to make good foundations for better development of mouth guards by surveying, analyzing and finding the understanding or opinions of athletes on mouth guards. Material and Methods: 617 sports players comprised the data base of the Survey, 230 contact sports, 387 non-contact sports. We surveyed and analyzed by asking following questions for athletes. 1. The sort of sports in which the player is majoring. 2. How long the players career is. 3. Whether the player has received prize or not. 4. The condition of stomatognathic system. 5. His or her eating habits. Results and conclusion: 1. Inconveniences should be minimized in wearing mouth guards. 2. The differential designs are thought to be needed for different sort of sports and for frequently affected regions 3. The changes in acknowledgment of athletes in mouth guards is necessary, that is mouth guard is very important & essential to prevent or minimize the traumatic damages. 4. Keeping in intimate and close contact with related athletic associations and putting athletes under the obligation to wear it for themselves, should be required.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2007

Statement of problem,and purpose: This study was performed to make good foundations for better development of mouth guards by surveying, analyzing and finding the understanding or opinions of athletes on mouth guards. Material and Methods: 617 sports players comprised the data base of the Survey, 230 contact sports, 387 non-contact sports. We surveyed and analyzed by asking following questions for athletes. 1. The sort of sports in which the player is majoring. 2. How long the players career is. 3. Whether the player has received prize or not. 4. The condition of stomatognathic system. 5. His or her eating habits. Results and conclusion: 1. Inconveniences should be minimized in wearing mouth guards. 2. The differential designs are thought to be needed for different sort of sports and for frequently affected regions 3. The changes in acknowledgment of athletes in mouth guards is necessary, that is mouth guard is very important & essential to prevent or minimize the traumatic damages. 4. Keeping in intimate and close contact with related athletic associations and putting athletes under the obligation to wear it for themselves, should be required.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) with participation in badminton and to find the effects of badminton on the shoulder joint. Methods: A questionnaire was answered by 143 people with shoulder pain and disability in badminton clubs located in Busan, Gyeongsangnam-do. Out of the 143 subjects (91 males, 52 females), about half (72 people) were over 40 years old, with 71 people over 50 years old. The questionnaire contained 27 questions involving demographic participation characteristics, playing characteristics, and SPADI. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistics program to conduct frequency analysis, cross analysis, the t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: The correlation between badminton career, frequency of play, and SPADI was statistically significant. There was a significant increase in SPADI scores for players over 40 years old. The over 40 year old group with less than 5 years of badminton had a significantly increase in SPADI score. The over 50 year old group showed a significantly lower SPADI score compared with the over 40 group. Conclusion: We suggest that beginner badminton players learn correct posture and badminton skills from professionals, participate regularly, and maintain an appropriate intensity/frequency of badminton.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze factors affecting suicidal ideation of athletes in middle and high school. Methods: The data in this study came from the survey which conducted to 500 students of physical education high school athletes and elite athletes in general school from the beginning of December 2009 to the end of January 2010 in Seoul and Kyunggi. Finally 436 cases was used. The dependant variable is suicidal ideation in this study. And the independent variables are socio-demographic factors, exercise-related factors, school and family environments, stress and depression factor. The analysis method is logistic regression analysis. Finally 436 cases was used. Results: First, the rate of suicidal ideation of athletes in middle and high school was 28.9%. Second, there were significant differences between stress and sex, grades, athletic career, kind of sport, sport skill level, the average exercise time per day, family circumstances, life satisfaction, future expectations. Third, there were significant differences between depression and sex, academic achievements, the average exercise time per day, family circumstances, life satisfaction, future expectations. Fourth, there were significant differences between suicidal ideation and sport skill level, academic achievements, the average exercise time per day, family circumstances, life satisfaction, future expectations. Fifth, the higher level of stress and degree of depression, the more increased the risk of suicidal ideation. Conclusions: Considering the close relationship between suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt, to reduce the suicidal ideation of athletes in middle and high school it is necessary to adjust exercising time properly and to promote life satisfaction. Also to overcome depression and stress support system should be established and to promote self-efficacy cognition strength program should be introduced in the school. So athletes in middle and high school should have confidence and self-confidence on the future.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of ground reaction forces of swimming athletes during their starting motion and to find out the most effective starting motions which were used in swimming athletes. The subjects were 9 male and 8 female high school swimming athletes who were athletic career over 7 years and used three starting motions in competition. The ground reaction forces were measured from each athletes performing three starting motion each of the open grap starting motion, closed grap starting motion and track starting motion. For the measurement, the force platform of AMTI company was utilized, and the analysis on measured ground reaction forces were used of Biosoft(Ver. 1.0). The items measured were stance time, Fz max deceleration force and Fz max deceleration force time, Fz mid stance force and Fz mid stance force time, Fz max acceleration force and Fz max acceleration force time, Torque maximum and Torque maximum time, Torque average, Excursion along Y axis of center of pressure of foot, Excursion along X axis of center of pressure of foot, Length of center of pressure of foot, Average velocity of center of pressure of foot. The data measured by the closed grap starting motion, open grap starting motion and track starting motion were analyzed by one-way repeated ANOVA. The results were as follows ; 1. The Fz max deceleration force time, Fz mid stance force, Fz max acceleration force, Torque maximum and Torque maximum time, Excursion along Y axis of center of pressure of foot, Average velocity of center of pressure of foot were significantly fast and large in the closed grap starting motion then open grap starting motion and track starting motion. 2. The Excursion along Y axis of center of pressure of foot was significantly long in the closed grap starting motion then open grap starting motion and track starting motion.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제23호
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• pp.109-131
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• 2010

본 연구는 사설 신입경호원과 선임경호원이 업무수행 전에 업무영향에 미치는 요인 중 학력, 경력, 성별, 운동능력에 따르는 경쟁상태불안의 3가지 하위요소인 인지적 상태불안, 신체적 상태불안, 상태자신감이 경호업무수행에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 분석하였다. 첫째, 신입경호원과 선임경호원의 업무수행 전 상태불안을 살펴보면, 인지적 상태 불안은 선임 경호원이 신입 경호원보다 많이 느꼈으나 통계적으로는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않는 것으로 보아 경력이 부족한 신입 경호원과 선임 경호원간의 인지적 불안정도는 차이가 거의 없는 것으로 판단된다. 둘째, 신체적 상태 불안은 선임 경호원이 신입 경호원보다 더 많이 느꼈으며, 통계적으로도 유의미한 차이를 보였지만 이것은 신체적인 면으로 볼 때 발달의 정도가 심한 시기이므로 이와 같은 결과가 나온 것으로 판단된다. 셋째, 선임 경호원과 신입 경호원이 느끼는 상태불안 수준에서 신체적 상태 불안은 신입 경호원이 선임 경호원보다 많이 느꼈지만 통계적으로는 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 넷째, 상태자신감은 선임 경호원이 신입 경호원보다 높았으며, 통계적으로도 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 다섯째, 남, 여 경호원의 인지적 상태 불안과 신체적 상태불안, 상태자신감에 있어서 남자 경호원과 여자 경호원은 많은 차이를 보이지 않았다. 여섯째, 전체적으로 상태 불안은 경호무도 능력이 1-2단인 경호원이 가장 많이 느꼈으며, 경호무도 능력이 2~3단인 경호원과 7단 이상인 경호원이 경호무도 능력 5~6단인 경호원보다 상태불안을 덜 느꼈고 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 신입경호원과 선임경호원의 관리자들은 경호원 스스로 자신감을 갖도록 하는 신체적, 정신적 교육과 현장실습과 다양한 사건의 원인분석을 통한 심리적 훈련을 함으로써 불안을 해소하고 마음의 평정을 갖도록 해야 한다. 또한 본인 정신과 신체적인 교육을 받고자 경력자의 경험을 통해 파지 화시켜 최고의 업무능력을 발휘 하도록 스스로 정진하는 학습을 해야 할 것이다.