• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2010

The potential biological activities of methanol extract and 5 fractions (hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$, EtOAc, BuOH and water) from roots of Astragalus membranaceus were examined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$) scavenging activity, reducing power assays, lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, $\alpha$-amylase and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibition assays. The EtOAc fraction showed high DPPH free radical scavenging activity ($EC_{50}=170.34\;{\mu}g/mL$), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity ($EC_{50}=32.14\;{\mu}g/mL$), lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity ($EC_{50}=52.46\;{\mu}g/mL$) and a concentration dependence, with OD value ranging from 0.234 to 0.345 (0.1 to 0.5 mg/mL), for reducing power. The EtOAc fraction has the highest total phenolic content ($142.13\;Gal\;{\mu}g/mg$) and the $CH_2Cl_2$ fraction has the highest flavonoid content ($71.63\;Que\;{\mu}g/mg$). Meanwhile, hexane and EtOAc showed certain $\alpha$-amylase and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibition activities. These results suggest that the methanol extract and fractions from Astragalus membranaceus root have significant antioxidant and anti-diabetes activities, which could be used as a potential source of pharmaceutical materials.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.268-276
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-cancer effects of different fractions of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Methods: We isolated hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions from crude ethanol extract of AM. The cell death was examined by MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion assay. Apoptosis was detected by DAPI staining, annexin V-PI double staining and cell cycle analysis. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was examined by western blot. Results: Among various fractions of AM, the ethyl acetate fraction of AM (EAM) showed the strongest cytotoxic effect in NSCLC cells. EAM reduced the cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in NSCLC cells. In addition, EAM induced the chromatin condensation, and increased the population of sub-G1 phase and annexin V-positive cells in a time-dependent manner, indicating that EAM induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells. Consistently, EAM enhanced the expression of cleaved caspase-8 and -9, and induced the accumulation of cleaved- poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Among MAPK proteins, only ERK was dephosphorylated by EAM, suggesting that ERK might be related with EAM-induced apoptosis. Conclusion: Our results clearly demonstrate that EAM exhibited anti-cancer effects in NSCLC cells by induction of apoptosis. We provide a valuable evidence which suggests that AM could be a desirable therapeutic option for treatment of NSCLC.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.221-226
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• 1998

지황과 황기의 적합한 제초제를 선발하여 제초의 생력화를 향상코자 지황에 5약제를 처리 하고 황기에 7약제를 공시하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 지황의 약효시험에서 경엽처리제인 Paraquat는 다년생 잡초의 방제가가 매우 높았다. 2. 정식후 토양처리형 제초제인 Napropamide와 Linuron도 약해 피해 없이 제초 효과가 있었다. 3. 지황 수량은 손제초구의 509kg/10a에 비해 Paraquat 처리구(524kg)에서 3% 증가하였으며, Napropamide, Linuron 처리구는 101%, 94% 수준이었다. 4. 황기는 파종후 토양처리형 제초제인 Nafropamide구에서 약해증상이 나타나지 않았고 1년생 잡초의 제초효과는 87%이었다. 5. Ethalfluralin과 Metolachlor은 제초효과는 높았지만 발아후 초기 생육시 생육지연 현상이 나타났다. 6. 황기 수량은 약해가 발생하지 않은 Napropamide 처리구가 양호하여 대비구의 129kg/10a 대비 98% 수준이었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 생약제 및 양파 혼합물의 급여가 비육돈의 성장 및 도체 특성에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 실시하였다. 3원 교잡종(Durox$\times$Yorkshire$\times$Landrace) 비육돈 72두을 공시하였으며 시험개시시의 체중은 체중은 75.66$\pm$1.86 kg 이었다. 처리구로는 옥수수-대두박 위주의 식이에 NRC(12)의 영양소 요구량에 따라 처리한 구(Control: 기초식이), 대조구 식이내 생약제 및 양파 혼합물을 0.25% 첨가한 구(AGO 0.25: 기초식이+0.25% 생약제 및 양파 혼합물), 대조구 식이내 생약제 및 양파 혼합물을 0.50% 첨가한 구(AGO 0.50: 기초식이 + 0.50% 생약제 및 양파 혼합물)로 3개 처리를 하여 처리당 4반복, 반복당 6마리씩 완전임의 배치하였다. 본 사양시험에 사용한 생약제 및 양파 혼합물은 인삼, 황기 그리고 양파 분말을 함유한 것을 사용하였다. 전체 시험기간 동안, 생약제 및 양파 혼합물의 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 식이효율 및 등지방 두께가 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 도체등급에 있어서는 생약제 및 양파 혼합물의 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 A등급 출현율이 높은 것으로 평가되었다(linear effect, p<0.01). 대조구 및 AGO 0.50 처리구와 비교하여 AGO 0.25 처리구가 혈청내 총 콜레스테롤 및 LDL+VLDL 콜레스테롤 농도가 낮은 것으로 평가되었으나 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 도축한 돈육의 등심부의 육색에 있어서 L-$^{*}$ , a-$^{*}$ , b-$^{*}$ 값에 있어서도 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 생약제 및 양파 혼합물 급여에 따른 증체량 개선 효과로 인해 증체당 식이비는 대조구가 830원, AGO 0.50 처리구가 813원으로 대조구와 비교하여 2.05%의 식이비 절감 효과를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 비육돈 식이내 생약제 및 양파 혼합물의 첨가가 성장 촉진을 갖는 것으로 사료되나 도체특성에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.380-384
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• 2014

Inhibition effects of peptide hydrolysates from Astragalus membranaceus Bunge. on the expression of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human dermal fibroblasts were evaluated in vitro. Crude peptides were obtained by the hydrolysis of proteins extracted from A. membranaceus. Peptides were purified partially by the basis on the molecular weight using 40% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis before treatment with human dermal fibroblasts. Basis on the doseeffect experiments, expressions of MMPs including MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-13 in human dermal fibroblasts were evaluated. Expressions of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8 and MMP-13 were reduced in 43%, 5%, 22% and 57% respectively. The mass spectrometric analysis of partially purified peptides from A. membranaceus, which strongly inhibit expressions of MMPs, indicated that the peptides were composed of molecules below 1500 Da.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.394-399
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• 2013

Astragalus membranaceus Bunge is used in herbal medicine in Eastern Asian countries including Korea. In this study, we assessed the effects of A. membranaceus extract (AM) on the aquaporin-3 (AQP3) protein expression in HaCaT cells. AM did not affect viability of HaCaT cells. AQP3 expression and cell migration seem to be maximal at $100{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase inhibitor, PD153035, blocked AM-induced AQP3 expression and cell migration. In addition, an 80% ethanol extracts of herbal prescription, SinhyoTakleesan (ST), which is composed of A. membranaceus, Angelicae gigantis, Glycyrrhiza glabra Linne, and Lonicera japonica Flos also induced AQP3 expression at $20{\mu}g/mL$ in HaCaT cells. Collectively, these results suggest that AM induce AQP3 expression via EGFR pathway.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2008

From the 70% EtOH extract of the roots of Astragalus membranaceus (Leguminosae), fifteen saponins were isolated and identified as astragaloside I (1), isoastragaloside II (2), astragaloside II (3), agroastragaloside I (4), cyclogaleginoside B (5), cycloaraloside A (6), brachyoside B (7), agroastragaloside II (8), astragaloside III (9), astragaloside IV (10), astramembranoside A (11), astramembranoside B (12), cylocanthoside E (13), cyclounifolioside B (14) and azukisaponin V methyl ester (15) by spectroscopic methods. Ten compounds 1 - 3, 5 - 7, 9 - 11 and 14 have cycloastragenol as an aglycon, and four compounds 4, 8 , 12, and 13 have cyclocanthogenin as an aglycon. The hairy roots of A. membranaceus were shown to produce previously unreported cycloartane-type saponins such as agroastragalosides I (4) and II (8) and cycloastragenol $3-O-{\beta}-D-xyloside$ (5), together with the known saponins. This is the first report of these saponins (4, 5, and 8) from the intact plant. Although the occurrence of the oleanane-type triterpene saponin, azukisaponin V methyl ester (15), in Astragalus plants has been demonstrated by others, this is the first report of the azukisaponin V methyl ester (15) from the Astragalus plants.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2008

From the 70% EtOH extract of the roots of Astragalus membranaceus (Leguminosae), eleven flavonoid derivatives and a lignan, were isolated and identified as liquiritigenin (1), daidzein (2), formononetin (3), sophorophenolone (4), calycosin (5), methylnissolin (6), isomucronulatol (7), isomucronulatol 7-O-glucoside (8), methylnissolin 3-O-glucoside (9), calycosin 7-O-glucoside (10), (+)-syringaresinol O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (11), and isomucronulatol 7,2'-di-O-glucoside (12), by spectroscopic methods. This is the second report of the isoflavonoid derivatives sophorophenolone (4) and isomucronulatol 7,2'-di-O-glucoside (12) from a natural source, as well as the first report of compounds liquiritigenin (1), daidzein (2) and (+)-syringaresinol O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (11) from the species A. membranaceus.

• 생약학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 1996

The components were isolated from the root of Astragalus membranaceus and their structures were characterized as 3,4-methylenedioxypyrrolealdehyde, $7-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl$ 7, 3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy isoflavone and a naphthalene derivative on the basis of spectral and physical methods. $7-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl$ 7, 3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy isoflavone and the naphthalene compound showed protective effect on $CC_{l4}-induced$ cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2014

The contents of index components in 5 medicinal crops cultivated at different heights in Andong area. The contents of allantoin in Dioscorea batatas Decne and catalpol in Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz were not different by cultivation heights (100 ~ 200m). But the contents of index components in Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa were higher in samples cultivated at elevated heights. At 700 m of heights, the contents of formononetin and astragaloside I in Astragalus membranaceus were 1.20 and $201.2{\mu}g/g$, respectively. The contents of decursin and nodakenin in Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa were 68.3 and 4.20 mg/g, respectively. Thus Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa are recommended to be cultivated in higher altitude.