• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.115-126
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was aimed to develop an aromatherapy hand massage program, and evaluate the effects of aromatherapy hand massage on cognitive function, sleep disturbance and problematic behaviors of elderly with dementia. Method: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized quasiexperimental study. Aromatherapy hand massage was administrated to experimental groupI for 2 weeks, jojoba oil massage were administrated to experimental groupII for 2 weeks, and no treatment for control group for 2 weeks. Data were analyzed using the $x^2-test$, ANOVA, ANCOVA and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test in the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: Experimental group I showed significant changes in sleep disturbance and problematic behaviors compared to those in experimental groupII or control group. Conclusion: Aromatherapy hand massage program is found effective on sleep disturbance and problematic behaviors of elderly with dementia.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.493-502
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• 2009

Purpose: This study adopted the non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design in order to examine the effects of aromatherapy and hand massage on anxiety, sleep, and depression in the female aged at residential facilities. Methods: This study was executed with the female aged at two residential facilities divided into an experimental group (n=35) and a control group (n=37). Data were collected by checking changes in the anxiety, sleep, and depression of the subjects who had received aromatherapy and hand massage ten times for two weeks. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test and ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance). Results: The condition of anxiety and depression of the experimental group who had received aromatherapy and hand massage was significantly lower than that of the control group. Also, the condition of sleep of experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: The aromatherapy and hand massage program had a positive effect on institutionalized elders' anxiety, sleep, and depression pattern.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was develop an aromatherapy hand massage program and to evaluate the effects of aromatherapy on anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and fatigue of the institutionalized elderly. Methods: The reserach design was a non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental study. The 42 subjects were divided into 2 groups. Aromatherapy hand massage was administrated to experimental group (N=20), and no treatment was administrated to the control group (N=22). Data was analyzed using the $x^2$-test, paried t-test, unparied t-test in the SPSS/Win 12.0 program package. Results: Experimental group showed significant differences in anxiety (p<.05), depression (p<.001 ), sleep disturbance (p<.05), fatigue (p<.05), with relation to the control group. Conclusion: The results showed that aromatherapy hand massage program was effective on anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and fatigue of the institutionalized elderly. Thus this reserch suggests that this aromatherapy hand massage could be recommened as nursing intervention for quality of life of the institutionalized elderly.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.709-717
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• 2006

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of aromatherapy massage on the preoperative anxiety of stomach cancer patients. Method: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non synchronized design. The data were collected during the period of October 2 to December 30, 2005 at H Hospital in Seoul. The subjects were 40 patients who were operated under general anesthesia for stomach cancer. State anxiety, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate were measured on the day before surgery and the preoperative period. Data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$ test, independent t-test, paired t-test. Results: Hypothesis 1 that the level of preoperative state anxiety of the experimental group who received aromatherapy massage is lower than that of the control group who did not received aromatherapy was supported(p=.004). Hypothesis 2 the physiological index of the preoperative anxiety of the experimental group who received aromatherapy is lower than that of the control group who did not received aromatherapy. Conclusion: According to these results, aromatherapy hand massage can be regarded as a partially effective nursing intervention that relives anxiety of surgical patients and decreases the blood pressure level.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of aromatherapy hand massage on stress responses and serum Immunity of RN's before the night duty. Method: The data were collected during the period from Oct. 10 to Nov. 15, 2005 at S-Hospital in Seoul. There were forty-eight subjects, 24 for the experimental and 24 for the control group. A Pre & post test were conducted to measure pulse rate, perceived stress(level and score) and a blood sample for cortisol and IgA. In the experimental group, lavender and geranium were used. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test and t-test with SPSS program. Result: The pulse rate was reduced but there were no significant differences between the two groups. Scores of subjective stress(VAS) decreased significantly after aromatherapy hand massage and the level of serum Cortisol was reduced significantly. The level of serum IgA was elevated significantly. Conclusion: Aromatherapy hand massage could be a useful intervention to reduce stress and elevate the immunity of nurses during the night duty.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.608-616
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of smoking cessation program applying aromatherapy massage on female college students' quitting of smoking. Methods: Forty-eight female college students were assigned to a smoking cessation program applying aromatherapy massage or a control group. The treatment group was taught to conduct a self hand massage with aroma essence oil. Lavender extra, Camomile roman and Bergamotte aroma essence oil were used for massage. The results of this study showed that the smoking cessation program applying aromatherapy massage resulted in significant effects on the number of cigarettes smoked per day, anxiety, smoking cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Conclusions: The findings presented above suggest that the smoking cessation program applying aromatherapy massage may be an effective intervention for female college students attempting to quit smoking to alleviate smoking-related anxiety and to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked, smoking cravings and withdrawal symptoms.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of aromatherapy hand massage on the anxiety of gastroscopy clients. Method: The data were collected during the period from March 10 to May 20, 2004 at S-Hospital in Kyungi-Do. There were sixty subjects, 30 for the experimental and 30 for the control group. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, $X^2$-test and paired t-test with SPSS program. Result: The pulse rate was reduced significantly, but there were no significant differences in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure between two groups. The status anxiety of experimental group was lower than the control group, but there was no significant difference statistically. Conclusion: Aromatherapy could be useful in the nursing practice, and be utilized as a way of nursing intervention to reduce anxiety of the client in specific clinical situations.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.303-312
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to develop an aromatherapy hand massage program, and to evaluate the effects of lavender aromatherapy on cognitive function, emotion, and aggressive behavior of elderly with dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Method: The Research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized quasiexperimental study. Lavender aromatherapy was administrated to experimental group I for 2 weeks, jojoba oil massage was administrated to experimental group II for 2 weeks, and no treatment was administrated to the control group for 2 weeks. Data was analyzed using the $x^2-test$, ANOVA, repeated measures of ANCOVA and ANCOVA in the SPSS program package. Result: 1. Experimental group I did not show significant differences in cognitive function in relation to the experimental group II and control group. 2. Experimental group I showed significant differences in emotion and aggressive behavior in relation to the experimental group II and control group. Conclusion: A Lavender aromatherapy hand massage program is effective on emotions and aggressive behavior of elderly with dementia of the Alzheimer's type.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.469-479
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of nursing intervention of aromatherapy hand massage. Method: In order to conduct a meta-analysis, a total of 124 studies were retrieved. From these studies, fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 733 participants. And these studies published from January 2004 to July 2013 were included in the journal articles published in Korea. Results: In fifteen studies, Random effect model for the aromatherapy hand massage that 95% confidence level, significant level of p-valve on less than 0.001. Standardized Mean Difference reported systolic blood pressure(d=-9.5320), diastolic pressure(d=-8.8730), pulse(d=-9.1241), anxiety(d=-0.1469), and depression(d=-0.4489) All measurement variables were significantly decreased in the negative direction. Conclusion: This study suggests that aromatherapy hand massage can reduce the level of blood pressure(systolic, diastolic), pulse, anxiety and depression.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.42-53
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of aroma hand massage on anxiety and sleep in cancer patients during hospitalization. Methods: This study used a pre-post non-synchronized quasi-experimental design. Data were collected from 66 participating patients from July to December 2008. The participants were divided into an aroma massage group (n=25), a hand massage group (n=15), and a control group (n=26). The experimental group received aroma hand massage using 1% diluted lavender aroma oil once per day for 3 days. The massage was given by the researcher following the Korea Aromatherapy Health Professional Association massage protocol In contrast control group A received only a hand massage. The state anxiety, sleep condition, sleep satisfaction levels, and sleep duration were measured before and after the intervention trial. Results: The aroma hand massage group experienced in a significant decrease in their state anxiety (F=7.658 p=.001). Moreover, there was a significant increase in their sleep condition (F=18.047, p=.001), sleep satisfaction (F=30.016, p=.001) and sleep duration (F=23.019, p=.001) compared to the other groups according to one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's multiple comparison test. Also, noted was a significant increase in the sleep condition of the hand massage group as in the aroma hand massage group according to the Scheffe test. Conclusion: The study findings indicates that aroma hand massage decreases anxiety and increases the sleep condition, sleep satisfaction, and sleep duration of cancer patients.