• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.651-659
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• 2002

Component Mode Synthesis (CMS) is a dynamic substructuring technique to get an approximate eigensolutions of large degree-of-freedom structures divisible into several components. But, In practice. most of large structures are modeled by different teams of engineers. and their respective finite element models often require different mesh resolutions. As a result, the finite element substructure models can be non-conforming and/or incompatible. In this work, A hybrid version of component mode synthesis using a localized lagrange multiplier to treat the non-conforming mesh problem was derived. Evolution Strategies (ESs) is a stochastic numerical optimization technique and has shown a robust performance for solving deterministic problems. An ESs conducts its search by processing a population of solutions for an optimization problem based on principles from natural evolution. An optimization example for raising the first natural frequency of a plate structure using beam stiffeners was presented using hybrid component mode synthesis and robust evolution strategies (RES) optimization technique. In the example. the design variables are the positions and lengths of beam stiffeners.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권3호
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• pp.24-38
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• 1994

In this paper we develop the software simulator written in a C language for a frequency modulation synthesis and the approximate range of parameters, for a musically satisfactory timbre, obtained by using the software simulator will be applied to develop an algorithm for parameter extraction. For a frequency modulation synthesis, we also develop an algorithm for parameter extraction through waveform analysis in the time domain as well as spectrum analysis using a FFT in the frequency domain. To verify the validity of the developed algorithm as well as software simulator experimentally, we extract parameters for the several music instruments using the suggested algorithm and analyze the synthesized sound by applying the parameters to the software simulator. The evaluation of the synthesized sound is first done by listening the sound directly as a subjective testing. Secondly, to evaluate the synthesized sound objectively with an engineering sense, we compare the synthesized sound with an original one in a time domain and a frequency domain.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.874-880
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• 2003

Many mechanical systems are over-constrained if only rigid bodies are used to model the system. One example of such system is a satellite system with solar panels. To avoid this over-constrained problem, solar panels can be modeled as flexible bodies. The CMS(Component Mode Synthesis) method is widely used to analyze the flexible multi-body system because it can considerably approximate the deformation of the flexible bodies using small number of well-selected mode. However, it is very difficult to decide the boundary condition and the selection of modes. In this paper, the methods for mode synthesis and setting the boundary condition are presented to analyze the flexible multi-body system with over-constraints. Finally, the reliability of proposed method is verified by solar panel's deployment test.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2005

유성음원과 무성음원을 사용하는 음성부호화 방식에 있어서, 같은 프레임 안에 모음과 무성자음이 있는 경우에 음질저하현상이 나타난다. 본 논문에서는 같은 프레임 안에 유성음과 무정자음이 같이 존재하지 않도록 Zero Crossing Rate과 개별피치 펄스를 사용하여 무성자음을 포함한 천이구간을 추출하는 방법과 주파수대역을 분할하여 TSIUVC를 근사합성하는 방법을 제안한다. 실험결과, 0.547kHz 이하 2.813kHz 이상의 주파수 정보를 사용하여 TSIUVC 음성파형을 양호하게 근사합성 할 수 있었으며, TSIUVC의 추출율은 여자와 남자음성에서 각각 $91\%$와 $96.2\%$를 얻었다. 이 방법은 음성합성, 음성분석, 새로운 Voiced/Silence/TSIUVC의 음성부호화 방식에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1999년도 제14차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.92-95
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• 1999

The design problem of the control system is the ability to synthesize controller that achieve robust stability and robust performance. The paper explains the Finite Inclusions Theorem (FIT) by the procedure namely FIT synthesis. It is developed for synthesizing robustly stabilizing controller for parametrically uncertain system. The fundamental problem in the study of parametrically uncertain system is to determine whether or not all the polynomials in a given family of characteristic polynomials is Hurwitz i.e., all their roots lie in the open left-half plane. By FIT it can prove a polynomial is Hurwitz from only approximate knowledge of the polynomial's phase at finitely many points along the imaginary axis. An example shows the simplicity of using the FIT synthesis to directly search for robust controller of parametrically uncertain system by way of solving a sequence of systems of linear inequalities. The systems of inequalities are solved via the projection method which is an elegantly simple technique fur solving (finite or infinite) systems of convex inequalities in an arbitrary Hilbert space. Results from example show that the controller synthesized by FIT synthesis is better than by H$\sub$$\infty$/ synthesis with parametrically uncertain system as well as satisfied the objectives for a considerably larger range of uncertainty.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2003년도 추계 학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.141-144
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• 2003

A composite adaptive dual fuzzy controller combining the approximate mathematical model, linguistic model description, linguistic control rules and identification modeling error into a single adaptive fuzzy controller is developed for a nonlinear system. It ensures the system output tracks the desired reference value and excites the plant sufficiently for accelerating the parameter estimation process so that the control performances are greatly improved. Using the Lyapunov synthesis approach, proposed controller is analyzed and simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.503-508
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• 2005

A simple and effective method for the synthesis of LiMn$_{2}$O$_{4}$ powder as a cathode material for lithium secondary battery is reported. Micrometer size LiMn$_{2}$O$_{4}$ was prepared by combustion synthesis technique employing initial mixture of l.l LiNO$_{3}$ -1.3Mn-0.7MnO$_{2}$-1NaCl composition. Parametric study of the combustion process including molar ratio of Mn/MnO$_{2}$ and NaCl concentration were carried out under air atmosphere. The combustion products obtained were additionally heat treated at the temperature 900$^{\circ}C$ and the washed by distilled water. The results of charging-discharging characteristics revealed that LiMn$_{2}$O$_{4}$ cell synthesized in the presence of NaCl had a high capacity and much better reversibility than one formed without NaCl An approximate chemical mechanism for LiMn$_{2}$O$_{4}$ formation is proposed.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.10-17
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• 1966

어떤 R-C 분포회로의 징분방정식의 해가 기지일 때 이것을 이용하여 다수의 다른 분포회로의 징분방정식의 해를 구하는 방법이 얻어졌다. 임의의 R-C 분포회로를 제작의 편의상 R(x)C(x)=일정인 회로로 등가변환하는 도해적방법이 얻어졌으며 해석적증명도 가능하다. 또 이론적 취급의 통일과 간단을 위하여 임의의 R-C분포회로를 R(x), C(x) 어느 한쪽이 일정한 분포회로로 등가변환하는 방법이 얻어졌다. 이 후자의 회로와 근사적인 집중정수회로를 생각하므로서 분포회로의 근사적인 해석, 합성이 비교적 간단하게 이루어 질 수 있다. 6x A method by which solutions of the differential equations of any other distributed circuits can be obtained is described when the solution of the differential equation of an R-C distributed amplifier is known. A graphical method of transforming any R-C ditributed circuit into an equivalent circuit which has a constant R(x)-C(x) was also obtained. The theoretical verification of this method is possible. For simplicity, any R-C distributed circuit can be transformed into an equivalent circuit which is a distributed circuit of either constant R(x) or C(x). Using this equivalent circuit and considering a lumped circuit, an approximate analysis and synthesis can be made simply.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.141-148
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• 2000

In system design, it is not always possible that all decision makers can cooperate fully and thus avoid conflict. They each control a specified subset of design variables and seek to minimize their own cost functions subject to their individual constraints. However, a system management team makes every effort to coordinate multiple disciplines and overcome such noncooperative environment. Although full cooperation is difficult to achieve, noncooperation also should be avoided as possible. Our approach is to predict the results of their cooperation and generate approximate Pareto set for their multiple objectives. The Pareto set can be obtained according to the degree of one's conceding coupling variables in the other's favor. We employ approximation concept for modelling this coordination and the mutiobjective genetic algorithm for exploring the coupling variable space for obtaining an approximate Pareto set. The approximation management concept is also used for improving the accuracy of the Pareto set. The exploration for the coupling variable space is more efficient because of its smaller dimension than the design variable space. Also, our approach doesn't force the disciplines to change their own way of running analysis and synthesis tools. Since the decision making process is not sequential, the required time can be reduced comparing to the existing multidisciplinary optimization techniques. This approach is applied to some mathematical examples and structural optimization problems.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.917-930
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• 2018

Intracellular synthesis of silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl-NPs) using Meyerozyma guilliermondii KX008616 is reported under aerobic and anaerobic conditions for the first time. The biogenic synthesis of Ag-NP types has been proposed as an easy and cost-effective alternative for various biomedical applications. The interaction of nanoparticles with ethanol production was mentioned. The purified biogenic Ag/AgCl-nanoparticles were characterized by different spectroscopic and microscopic approaches. The purified nanoparticles exhibited a surface plasmon resonance band at 419 and 415 nm, confirming the formation of Ag/AgCl-NPs under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. The planes of the cubic crystalline phase of the Ag/AgCl-NPs were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Fourier-transform infrared spectra showed the interactions between the yeast cell constituents and silver ions to form the biogenic Ag/AgCl-NPs. The intracellular Ag/AgCl-NPs synthesized under aerobic condition were homogenous and spherical in shape, with an approximate particle size of 2.5-30nm as denoted by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The reaction mixture was optimized by varying reaction parameters, including temperature and pH. Analysis of ultrathin sections of yeast cells by TEM indicated that the biogenic nanoparticles were formed as clusters, known as nanoaggregates, in the cytoplasm or in the inner and outer regions of the cell wall. The study recommends using the biomass of yeast that is used in industrial or fermentation purposes to produce Ag/AgCl-NPs as associated by-products to maximize benefit and to reduce the production cost.