• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1257-1266
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• 2009

The developments of consumption culture and mass media have caused consumers to take a greater interest in appearance, and as a result, the appearance related industry has been rapidly developed. Since appearance serves as a means to attain a smooth and successful social life, women invest a lot of time in cultivating their appearance more prominently than others and are more agreeable to the criteria of beauty in society. This study is to analyze the degree of satisfaction of appearance in teens to women in their 50s as classified by their lifestyle. For the data analysis, the statistical program, SPSS WIN 14.0 was used. First, the results of examining the degree of interest in appearance, the degree of bodily satisfaction, and the degree of bodily importance showed that the interest in appearance was highest in the fashion pursuing group. The degree of bodily importance was highest in the economy-oriented group. Second, appearance management attitudes showed significant differences m hair attitudes, makeup attitudes, skin attitudes, face-lifting attitudes, and clothing attitudes, depending on the types of lifestyle. Third, it could be seen that the conservative-oriented groups were doing more skin care management than the other groups.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.171-181
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• 2015

With an increasing number of at-risk adolescents, the environmental and personal risk factors that have been building up inside them as a result of not feeling protected at school or at home are manifested externally as anxiety, depression, rage, complexes, lethargy, violence, and alienation. This study intends to help at-risk adolescents to discover what they are good at, nurture their dreams, and help them to develop themselves through various culture and arts experience programs so that they can have better self-esteem through the wholesome understanding of themselves. The objective of this study, in paticular, is to help young girls who are interested in the physical appearance to develop higher self-esteem through self-management and creative programs for related to fashion, beauty, culture, and the arts. A questionnaire survey on the appearance management behavior, the recognition of image, and the request for participation in a fashion styling program. It was prepared based on the appearance management behaviors during the adolescence, body image, and lifestyle analyzed with past studies. The characteristics of appearance management during adolescence were examined. An the appearance management program was developed that centered on yhe major variables, and a fashion and appearance management activity program was developed that centered on the appearance management techniques preferred by young girls based on the result of analysis.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.124-139
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• 2013

Teenage girls under the influence of the physical changes due to the rapid physical development and appearance are interested. 200 parts were used for the statistical analysis of this research against the common excitation high school student positioned in Seoul. First, there was lots of the girl student managing the appearance due to the psychological satisfaction. And the girl student without the friend of the opposite sex managed the appearance at the psychological satisfaction. Because to be more important, thing including the studying, and etc. was the priority the girl student who doesn't the appearance management did not do the appearance management. Second, the factor found out over one month allowance 50,000 circle to be the very important factor through the beauty action high of the high beauty product concern degree and girl student action of the beauty product concern degree and girl student where there is the friend of the opposite sex. Third, the more the concern degree about the beauty product was high as the concern degree about the beauty was high, the girl student in high school could know that beauty action was high as the concern degree about the multi function beauty product was high.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.18 no.3 s.41
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• pp.119-131
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the body size perception and appearance management behaviors of middle school boys and girls. Subjects of this study were 7 coeducational middle school boys and girls in Gwangju and 435 responses were collected from real body measurement and questionnaires. SPSS package 12.0(Kr) was used to analyze results. The results were summarized as follows: First, middle school boys and girls tended to perceive their bodies slimmer as well as obeser. It is recommended to give education for correct perception of their body sire. Second, the correlation of body size perception factor and appearance management behavior was Middle school boys and girls tended to manage their appearance using a diet rather than doing exercise in obesity distortion perception group(the group perceive obeser than real body size). It needs to be properly guided. Third, the appearance management behavior of slimness distortion perception group(the group perceive slimmer than real body size) and normal group was examined. While middle school boys did only exercise management, middle school girls did all but exercise management. Their education should be distinguished. Finally, while slimness distortion perception group did diet management in both middle school boys and girls, they tended not to manage body correction or exercise. A tendency to depend only on a diet in the group who should perceive their need of exercise should be corrected. In order to correct the distorted body perception and appearance management behavior of middle school boys and girls, it is recommended to educate a standard body size through home management education which is a regular curriculum, and at the same time to guide them to perceive their actual body size correct.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.527-539
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• 2018

This study analyzed the substitute behavior of mothers of infants or elementary-school-aged children in terms of consumption. For this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with women residing in the Seoul metropolitan area who show significant interest in their children. The interviews were analyzed based on the grounded theory. The findings of this study are as follows. First, mothers show substitute behavior for their children's appearance. The younger the children, the more substitute consumption exhibited by mothers. As children grow older and are able to choose what to wear, mothers show less substitute behavior tendencies regarding appearance management. Second, mothers tend to exhibit substitute behavior regarding their children's academic achievements. Mothers hope their children will be more successful than themselves were or will achieve the dreams that they failed to accomplish, which drives substitute behavior. Mothers affectionately provide children with financial support so they can obtain academic achievement and they hope their children will have successful occupations in the future. Third, mothers who are not satisfied with their appearance and have low self-esteem are more likely to exhibit substitute behavior with their children. This study will be helpful in understanding mothers' motivation and psychological factors regarding the support of their children.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.606-616
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• 2016

We intend an empirical assessment of examining the differences in the appearance management behaviors and demographic variables among groups classified by the clothing consumption values. The questionnaires are administered to 493 female and male adults above 20 years old in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Daegu and Kyungpook regions. For analysis of data from 478 respondents, descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, ANOVA, Duncan test and ${\chi}^2$ test were applied. We show the following results. First, Factor analyses were employed for the clothing consumption values and appearance management behaviors. Six factors were for clothing consumption values: Individuality, appearance attractive, social, functional, conditional and fashion clothing consumption value. Four factors were for appearance management behaviors: weight training, skin care, hair care, make-up and clothing selection. According to clothing consumption values, four groups were classified: the passive, functional, social, and active group. We did cluster analysis to the appearance management behaviors of weight training, skin care, hair care, make-up and clothing selection. Second, the social and active groups were more interested in individuality, appearance attractive, social, functional, conditional and fashion clothing value. And they were also more involved in appearance management behaviors. Third, among the demographic variables, the single and female in 20s and 30s with higher level of education belonged to the active group. In this contribution, we find significant differences in the appearance management behavior and demographic variables classified by the clothing consumption values.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.381-387
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• 2018

The research was to examine the relationship between body related values, appearance instrumentality and exercise adherence behavior of Pilates participants. the participants in this research were 162 who were participating in public and private Pilates programs in Incheon metropolitan city. Data were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS 18.0 version. The results are as follows: overall, the causal relationship between Pilates participant's body related values, appearance instrumentality and exercise adherence behavior was suitable. More specifically, first, Pilates participant's body related values has influence on exercise adherence behavior. Second, Pilates participant's appearance instrumentality affects exercise adherence behavior. Third, Pilates participant's body related values has influence on heir appearance instrumentality. Forth, there is a causal relationship between body related values of Pilates participants, appearance instrumentality and exercise adherence behavior.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 2012

The objectives of this study were to investigate appearance management behaviors and hairstyle preferences in accordance with personality types and self-image, and to examine the characteristics that influence simultaneously the appearance management behaviors. A survey was used for as for this research. The personality properties of introversion and extroversion were further divided, based on the aspects of emotions, thoughts, behaviors, and interpersonal psychological functions. The subjects were 383 girls in their first year of high school in Seoul. The extrovert type showed a higher level of management for clothing, hair and face than the introvert type. The emotional extrovert type and the interpersonal extrovert type showed the highest level of clothing management, the active extrovert type showed the highest level of face management, and the interpersonal introvert type showed a very low level of hail management. The high school girls who had a higher social and mature self-image showed a higher level of clothing, hair and face management. Introverted girls preferred a mid-length straight hairstyle more than extroverted girls. The higher the social and mature self-images girls had, the more they preferred a long wave hairstyle. The higher the cute image they had, the more they preferred wave hairstyle. The entire appearance management behavior was affected significantly by extroversion, mature image, and allowance, simultaneously.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.111-119
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• 2007

This research analyzes how female college students' perception of somatotype-self and their satisfactions with their somatotype-self affect their appearance-management behaviors. The result is as follows: 1)An analysis of subjects' physical characteristics revealed that the average figures of their body sizes were within the normal boundaries. The average Quetelet Index of the subjects, which determines obesity of adults, was slightly below the nationwide physical standard of Korea. 2)The subjects' satisfaction with their each body part shows that the women were unsatisfied with every body-part measurement; height, bust size, waist size, hips size and particularly weight. 3)While most of the respondents recognized that sizes of their body parts were average, they were not happy with their body sizes. 4)Three factors were recognized from the study of appearance-management behaviors of the subjects; we defined them as 'Appearance Management', 'Weight Management', and 'Satisfaction with one's Appearance.' The study showed that the fatter, the more a subject controlled her weight. 5)A correlation study between one's perception of her body and her appearance-management behavior found that the more obese a subject was, the harder the subject was controlling her weight.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.322-336
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• 2010

This study examines the appearance management attitude factor of male college students and groups them according to their characteristics. Then this research analyzes their interest in knitwear, buying behavior, and characteristics to see what kind of differences exist. The results of the research are as follows: First, after conducting a factor analysis to identify the appearance management attitude of male college students, 3 factors emerged(sought personality, pursued trends, and appearance interest). Second, as a result grouping the students according to their attitude. It is created 3 groups(fashionista group, personality group, and appearance interest group). Third, for the interest in knitwear, the fashionista group had the highest interest in knitwear, with a preferred brand when purchasing. Fourth, the fashionista group that values personality and latest trends was more likely to purchase knitwear than the personality group or the appearance interest group. Finally, the majority preferred solid colors. Over 50% of the students preferred knits without any patterns. Also, the most preferred 100% cotton. As this survey was only surveyed in Seoul and Gyounggi areas. The next research requires to be surveyed in a more comprehensive area. Additionally, male college students must more effectively be segmented and surveyed to get accurate results.